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Research Article | Open Access

Dimethyl acridine-based self-assembled monolayer as a hole transport layer for highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

Liufei Li1,2,†, Rongyao Lv2,†, Guiqi Zhang1,†, Bing Cai1( ), Xin Yu2, Yandong Wang1,2, Shantao Zhang2, Xiaofen Jiang2, Xinyu Li2, Shuang Gao2, Xue Wang2, Ziqi Hu2, Wen-Hua Zhang1,3( ), Shangfeng Yang2( )
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Green Low-carbon Technologies, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming 650092, China

† Liufei Li, Rongyao Lv, and Guiqi Zhang contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have recently emerged as excellent hole transport materials in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing to their ability to minimize parasitic absorption, regulate energy level alignment, and passivate perovskite defects. Herein, we design and synthesize a novel dimethyl acridine-based SAM, [2-(9,10-dihydro-9,9-dimethylacridine-10-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PADmA), and employ it as a hole-transporting layer in inverted PSCs. Experimental results show that the 2PADmA SAM can modulate perovskite crystallization, facilitate carrier transport, passivate perovskite defects, and reduce nonradiative recombination. Consequently, the 2PADmA-based device achieves an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.01% and an improved fill factor (FF) of 83.92% compared to the commonly reported [2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl] phosphonic acid (2PACz)-based control device with a PCE of 22.32% and FF of 78.42%, while both devices exhibit comparable open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density. In addition, 2PADmA-based devices exhibit outstanding dark storage and thermal stabilities, retaining approximately ~98% and 87% of their initial PCEs after 1080 h of dark storage and 400 h of heating at 85 °C, respectively, both considerably superior to the control device.

Keywords

perovskite solar cellshole transport layerself-assembled monolayerpower conversion efficiencystability

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Energy Materials and Devices
Volume 2 Issue 2,
June 2024
Article number: 9370038
DOI: 10.26599/EMD.2024.9370038
Cite this article:
Li L, Lv R, Zhang G, et al. Dimethyl acridine-based self-assembled monolayer as a hole transport layer for highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells. Energy Materials and Devices, 2024, 2(2): 9370038. https://doi.org/10.26599/EMD.2024.9370038

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Received: 01 May 2024
Revised: 21 May 2024
Accepted: 03 June 2024
Published: 25 June 2024
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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