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Research Article | Open Access

Beneficial effects of dietary herbs on high-fat diet-induced obesity linking with modulation of gut microbiota

Yan-Min Liu1,†, Chuan Liu2,†, Yu-Sheng Deng1, Yang Chen1, Qin-Wei Qiu1, Xiao-Xiao Shang1, Cheng-Rui Wang1, Li-Juan Han3, Li Huang1, Zhi-Min Yang1, Liang Xiao2,4(), Xiao-Dong Fang1,2,5(), Xiao-Ping Li2,6,7()
State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
KMHD, Shenzhen 518000, China
Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
BGI-Sanya, BGI-Shenzhen, Sanya 572025, China
Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbial Genomics and Application, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China

†These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Highlights

(1) Identification and characterization of herbs with anti-obesity effects and investigate their interactions with the gut microbiota.

(2) Inulin, Mori follum, Corn silk, Maydis seigma, Crataegus, Taraxacum, Portulacae herba, Rhizoma gastrodiae, Rose rugosae flos, and Thallus laminariae significantly reduce body weight and restore gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet-induced obesity.

(3) Specific bacteria enriched by anti-obesity herbs, such as Blautia, are inversely related to triglyceride levels, while Desulfovibrio, reduced by the herbs, is positively associated with weight gain.

(4) Arachidonic acid, shared by three anti-obesity herbs, is linked to beneficial bacteria like Blautia.

(5) These findings advance our understanding of the regulatory network between herbs and the gut microbiota, offering potential targets for future interventions.

Graphical Abstract

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A high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model was employed to assess the efficacy of various herbs in weight reduction and investigate their interactions with the gut microbiota.

Abstract

Obesity, a pervasive global public health challenge, impacts human well-being, and there is a growing interest in the potential of herbs for their anti-obesity effects. However, the specific herbs that possess these properties are not well understood. This study aims to identify and characterize herbs that promote weight loss and to elucidate the mechanisms involved. We employed a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model to assess the efficacy of various herbs in weight reduction and to explore how these herbs interact with the gut microbiota. By leveraging the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), we identified active ingredients present in the herbs and analyzed their regulatory effects on the gut microbiota. Among the 65 herbs, inulin, mori follum, corn silk, maydis seigma, crataegus, taraxacum, portulacae herba, rhizoma gastrodiae, rose rugosae flos, thalluslaminariae were found to significantly reduce body weight and restore the gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with HFD-induced obesity. We found that Blautia, which was enriched by the anti-obesity herbs, was inversely related to triglyceride (TG) levels. Conversely, Desulfovibrio, reduced by the anti-obesity herbs, was a positively linked to weight and weight gain. Furthermore, we discovered that arachidonic acid, shared by three anti-obesity herbs, was associated with beneficial bacteria such as Blautia. Our study identified 10 herbs with anti-obesity properties, detailing their active constituents and their influence on the gut microbiota. Our finding not only identified nearly 10 herbs that significantly reduce body weight, but also contribute to improving the understanding of the regulatory network between herbs and the gut microbiota.

Keywords

herbsgut microbiotaobesityBlautiaarachidonic acid

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Food & Medicine Homology
Volume 2 Issue 2,
June 2025
Article number: 9420034
DOI: 10.26599/FMH.2025.9420034
Cite this article:
Liu Y-M, Liu C, Deng Y-S, et al. Beneficial effects of dietary herbs on high-fat diet-induced obesity linking with modulation of gut microbiota. Food & Medicine Homology, 2025, 2(2): 9420034. https://doi.org/10.26599/FMH.2025.9420034
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