Open Access
|
Online First
Highlights
(1) The physicochemical and structural characteristics of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide extracted and purified through various methodologies were assessed.
(2) Summarized the impact of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide's interaction with macromolecular substances, including proteins and polyphenols, on its biological activity.
(3) The mechanism by which Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide exert antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and intestinal flora-regulating effects was elucidated.
Graphical Abstract
This review initiates with an exploration of the extraction, separation, and purification procedures involved in obtaining Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide(TFP). It proceeds by conducting a thorough examination of its physicochemical and structural characteristics, followed by a comparative analysis of various extraction methodologies. The interaction between TFP and a spectrum of macromolecules is subsequently scrutinized. Finally, the mechanisms underlying three key biological activities of TFP are comprehensively elucidated. Specifically, its antioxidative effects achieved through inhibition of the NFκB pathway and enhancement of SIRT1 expression, its hypoglycemic properties mediated by modulation of glucose metabolic enzymes and inhibition of gluconeogenesis, and its role in regulating intestinal flora by promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids and modulating the growth of flora. Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide emerges as a promising natural bioactive compound, characterized by its intricate molecular structure and diverse physiological benefits, thus warranting further scholarly investigation.
Abstract
Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TFP) are a kind of bioactive macromolecules isolated from fruit bodies, mycelium or fermentation broth of Tremella fuciformis. In recent years, TFP has unique biological activity, which creates new possibilities for its application in nutrition and functional food industry, and attracts widespread attention. By summarizing and comparing the research on TFP in recent years, this paper reviews the methods of isolation, purification and structural characterization of TFP, the interaction of TFP with other macromolecules to affect its antioxidant and hypoglycemic biological activity in vivo and in vitro, and the effect of TFP on intestinal flora and short chain fatty acids production. It is hoped that this paper can provide some theoretical basis and Enlightenment on the study of the biological activity and mechanism of TFP.