School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Department of Pharmacy, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515031 China
State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
School of Biological and Food Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Development and High Value Utilization of Genuine Medicinal Materials in North Anhui Province, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
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Highlights
(1) Polysaccharides are important active ingredients of medicine and food homologous fungal.
(2) Extraction and purification method of medicine and food homologous fungal polysaccharides were summarized.
(3) Structural characteristics of medicine and food homologous fungal polysaccharides were discussed.
(4) Diversified bioactivities and underlying mechanisms of medicine and food homologous fungal polysaccharides were outlined.
Graphical Abstract
Poria cocos, Ganoderma lucidum, and Ganoderma sinense, as the well-known medicine and food homologous fungal, has been used as traditional Chinese medicine to improve health and to treat numerous diseases for a long history. Polysaccharide is the main effective ingredients of P. cocos and Ganoderma which possess a wide range of biological activities. Despite the research of polysaccharide from medicine and food homologous fungal still face challenges and difficulties, future study has become a research hotspot with a broad development prospect.
Abstract
Poria cocos, Ganoderma lucidum, and Ganoderma sinense, as the famous medicine and food homologous fungal, has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for a long history. Polysaccharide is one of the most important bioactive ingredients of P. cocos and Ganoderma, which possess a wide range of biological activities including immunomodulation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, modulation of gut microbiota properties, etc. This review systematically recapitulates the recent advances in the extraction and purification methods, structural characterization, biological activities, synthesis of derivates, and potential application of polysaccharides derived from P. cocos and Ganoderma. Therefore, the information provides a reference point for the in-depth development of medicinal value and health functions of medicine and food homologous fungal polysaccharides and their resource utilization.
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