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Research Article | Open Access | Online First

Casein or soy protein supplementation protects against hepatotoxicity in hypercholesterolemic rats treated with rosuvastatin

Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab1()Aziza A. El-Nekeety1Mona A. Hassan2Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem3Nabila S. Hassan4
Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
Food Evaluation and Food Science Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza 12553, Egypt
Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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Highlights

(1) Rosuvastatin (Rsv) improves lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats (HCD).

(2) Rsv induces hepatic and renal oxidative stress and disturbs gene expression in HCD.

(3) Dietary soy protein and casein improved all the tested parameters in HCD.

(4) Soy protein was more effective than casein.

Graphical Abstract

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Rosuvastatin (Rvs) is used for hypercholesterolemia therapeutic but it induces adverse effects including hepatotoxicity. We evaluated the hepatoprotective role of casein and soy protein in hypercholesterolemic rats received Rvs. Rvs improved lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats, but it disturbed the liver and kidney indices, oxidative stress markers, the hepatic mRNA expression of SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, FAS, and ACC-1 and the histopathological picture in hypercholesterolemic rats. Casein and soy protein improved the all the tested parameters, the histological picture, and modified the related gene expressions. Soy protein was more effective than casein and both of them can protect against Rvs-induced hepatotoxicity under hypercholesterolemic conditions.

Abstract

Rosuvastatin (Rvs) is used for hypercholesterolemia therapeutic but it induces adverse effects including hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective role of casein and soy protein in hypercholesterolemic rats received Rvs. Seven groups of male Wistar rats were treated for 8 weeks including; control group, high-cholesterol diet (HCD) group, the groups treated orally with casein or soy protein (300 mg/kg bw) suspended in distilled water, the group received HCD for 4 weeks and treated orally with Rvs (20 mg/kg bw) for another 4 weeks, and the groups received HCD for 4 weeks and treated orally with casein or soy protein for another 4 weeks. Blood and tissue samples were collected for different assays. The results indicated that Rvs improved lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats, but it disturbed the liver and kidney indices, oxidative stress markers, the hepatic mRNA expression of SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, FAS, and ACC-1 and the histopathological picture in hypercholesterolemic rats. Casein and soy protein improved the all the tested parameters, the histological picture, and mRNA expression of the tested genes, and soy protein was more effective than casein. Casein and soy protein supplementation can protect against Rvs-induced hepatotoxicity under hypercholesterolemic conditions.

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Cite this article:
Abdel-Wahhab MA, El-Nekeety AA, Hassan MA, et al. Casein or soy protein supplementation protects against hepatotoxicity in hypercholesterolemic rats treated with rosuvastatin. Food & Medicine Homology, 2025, https://doi.org/10.26599/FMH.2026.9420088
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