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Research Article | Open Access

Major royal-jelly proteins intake modulates immune functions and gut microbiota in mice

Hang Wua,, Shican Zhoua, Wenjuan Ninga, Xiao Wua, Xiaoxiao Xua, Zejin Liua, Wenhua Liua, Kun Liub, Lirong Shenc, Junpeng Wanga( )
Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
College of Biology Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Abstract

In this study, we investigated the effects of major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs) on the estrogen, gut microbiota, and immunological responses in mice. Mice given 250 or 500 mg/kg, not 125 mg/kg of MRJPs, enhanced the proliferation of splenocytes in response to mitogens. The splenocytes and mesenteric lymphocytes activated by T-cell mitogens (ConA and anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies) released high levels of IL-2 but low levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A. The release of IL-4 was unaffected by MRJPs. Additionally, splenocytes and mesenteric lymphocytes activated by LPS were prevented by MRJPs at the same dose as that required for producing IL-1β and IL-6, two pro-inflammatory cytokines. The production of IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ was negatively associated with estrogen levels, which were higher in the MRJP-treated animals than in the control group. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that feeding mice 250 mg/kg of MRJPs maintained the stability of the natural intestinal microflora of mice. Additionally, the LEfSe analysis identified biomarkers in the MRJP-treated mice, including Prevotella, Bacillales, Enterobacteriales, Gammaproteobacteria, Candidatus_Arthromitus, and Shigella. Our results showed that MRJPs are important components of royal jelly that modulate host immunity and hormone levels and help maintain gut microbiota stability.

Keywords

Gut microbiotaCytokinesImmunityMajor royal-jelly proteinsEstrogen

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 1,
January 2024
Pages 444-453
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250038
Cite this article:
Wu H, Zhou S, Ning W, et al. Major royal-jelly proteins intake modulates immune functions and gut microbiota in mice. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(1): 444-453. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250038

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Received: 03 May 2022
Revised: 15 June 2022
Accepted: 14 July 2022
Published: 01 June 2023
© 2024 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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