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Open Access

Review on dietary supplements as an effective improvement of Alzheimer’s disease: focus on structures and mechanisms

Sheng Lia,b, Yinling Weia, Zhenzhen Lianga,b, Lingli Guoa, Xiaojiang Haoa( ), Yu Zhanga,( )
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function, makes it one of the most common fatal diseases. There are currently over 50 million AD patients worldwide. The neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying treatments. Currently, early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology, providing strong support for the improvement of the disease status. The search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements (DSs) has become a major hot topic. Especially with the widespread use of DSs, DSs containing polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenes, polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβ deposition, inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation, reconstructing synaptic dysfunction, weakening cholinesterase activity, regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation and apoptosis. This review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents, as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to 2023. Additionally, we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment, aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.

Keywords

Alzheimer’s diseaseDietary supplementsBioactive ingredientsMechanism of action

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 4,
July 2024
Pages 1787-1805
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250150
Cite this article:
Li S, Wei Y, Liang Z, et al. Review on dietary supplements as an effective improvement of Alzheimer’s disease: focus on structures and mechanisms. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(4): 1787-1805. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250150

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Received: 02 April 2023
Revised: 03 May 2023
Accepted: 20 May 2023
Published: 20 May 2024
© 2024 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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