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Structural characterization of three acidic polysaccharides from Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruits and their protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Huh-7 cells

Rui Liua,b,1, Fangxin Chua,b,1, Zheng Yana,b, Hanqing Chena,b()
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China

1 These authors contributed equally to this work.

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Highlights

• Three novel acid polysaccharide fractions are isolated from Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruit.

• The compositions and structural features of OFPPs are characterized.

• The OFPPs can protect Huh-7 cells against oxidative stress induced by H2O2.

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Abstract

Three novel acidic polysaccharide fractions (OFPP-1, OFPP-2, OFPP-3) with different m olecular weights (803.7, 555.1 and 414.5 kDa) were isolated from the peeled Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruits by alkali-extraction, graded alcohol precipitation and column chromatography. Structural analysis indicated that OFPPs were pectic polysaccharides consisting of rhamnose, arabinose and galactose residues. The backbone of OFPP-1 consisted of a repeating unit →6-α-D-GalpA-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ with T-α-D-GalpA-(1→6)-α-D-GalpA-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, T-β-D-Xylp-(1→6)-α-D-GalpA-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ or T-α-D-GalpA-(1→3)-α-L-Araf-(1→as the side chains. The backbone of OFPP-2 consisted of a disaccharide repeating unit →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-β-D-GalpA-(1→ with T-β-L-Araf-(1→ as the branches substituted at the O-4 position of →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. Whereas the backbone of OFPP-3 was →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-β-L-Araf-(1→or →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→4)-β-D-GalpA-(1→, which was branched at the O-4 position of→2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. Moreover, these three polysaccharide fractions could protect Huh -7 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress to different extents by decreasing the MDA content and increasing the SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities and the GSH level in the Huh-7 cells. These results suggest that OFPPs have the potential to be used as natural antioxidants.

Keywords

Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruitsPolysaccharideAlkali extractionStructural characterizationOxidative stress

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 4,
July 2024
Pages 1929-1942
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250160
Cite this article:
Liu R, Chu F, Yan Z, et al. Structural characterization of three acidic polysaccharides from Opuntia dillenii Haw. fruits and their protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in Huh-7 cells. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(4): 1929-1942. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250160
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Methylation analysis of OFPP-1, OFPP-2 and OFPP-3.

Retention time (min) Methylated sugars Linkage patterns Relative molar ratio (%)
OFPP-1 OFPP-2 OFPP-3
9.52 2,3,5-Me3-Araf T-linked-Araf - 7.26 3.56
12.25 2,5-Me2-Araf 1,3-linked-Araf 8.96 - 4.89
13.67 3,4-Me2-Rhap 1,2-linked-Rhap 28.37 43.21 36.21
16.33 2,3,4,6-Me4-Galp T-linked-GalpA 8.41 - -
17.27 2,3,4,6-Me4-Xylp T-linked-Xylp 1.93 - -
19.49 3-Me-Rhap 1,2,4-linked-Rhap 9.29 5.52 3.62
20.35 2,3,6-Me3-Galp 1,4-linked-GalpA - 42.56 54.37
21.36 2,3,4-Me3-Galp 1,6-linked-GalpA 35.37 - -
22.27 2,3,6-Me3-Glcp 1,4-linked-Glcp 1.93 - -

Summary of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts for OFPP-1, OFPP-2 and OFPP-3.

OFPPs Glycosidic linkage Chemical shifts δ
H1/C1 H2/C2 H3/C3 H4/C4 H5/C5 H6/C6
OFPP-1 A →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ 5.21/92.12 3.75/68.23 3.98/68.82 4.33/78.15 3.31/55.49 3.61/69.94
B →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→ 5.15/109.17 3.56/75.04 3.78/70.18 3.35/71.02 3.86/60.91
C →6-α-D-GalpA-(1→ 5.02/101.12 3.65/72.16 3.29/71.0 3.73/71.35 4.24/69.11 3.66/174.81
D →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ 4.96/98.84 4.04/83.83 3.58/68.32 4.23/77.09 3.64/68.84 1.14/15.75
E →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ 4.89/97.23 3.90/69.04 3.56/60.93 3.78/76.77 3.49/69.11 1.21/16.60
F T-α-D-GalpA-(1→ 4.50/96.07 3.34/70.91 3.86 /82.87 3.31/76.33 3.69/72.98 3.29/175.34
G T-β-D-Xylp-(1→ 4.33/103.37 3.62/68.84 4.11/73.65 3.80/70.22 3.58/68.32 3.27/72.06
OFPP-2 A →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ 5.06/98.32 4.26/77.03 3.35/68.31 3.65/77.50 3.91/71.82 1.13/16.61
B T-β-L-Araf-(1→ 4.89/108.79 3.21/71.81 3.69/67.13 3.81/77.11 3.57/62.29
C →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ 4.80/97.22 3.98/70.94 3.18/71.0 3.64/62.38 3.91/69.11 1.13/16.62
D →4)-β-D-GalpA-(1→ 4.46/104.34 3.48/71.49 3.83/77.49 3.52/68.69 3.35/71.88 3.90/175.60
OFPP-3 A →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ 5.17/98.38 4.14/82.25 3.63/69.45 2.58/81.37 3.68/70.69 1.15/16.47
B →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→ 5.00/97.44 3.94/70.06 4.08/77.59 3.03/79.23 3.70/71.90 1.15/16.52
C →3)-β-L-Araf-(1→ 4.91/110.61 3.81/67.72 4.32/77.35 3.71/73.58 3.48/62.44
D T-β-L-Araf-(1→ 4.76/107.49 3.19/70.66 3.53/66.16 3.84/73.16 3.53/62.29
E →4)-β-D-GalpA-(1→ 4.56/104.33 3.59/72.56 3.83/60.78 4.04/68.54 3.75/67.92 3.54/171.87