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Open Access

Antihypertensive effects of whey protein hydrolysate involve reshaping the gut microbiome in spontaneously hypertension rats

Peipei Doua,, Xiaoyi Lia, Xiaoxiao Zoua, Kai Wanga, Lei Yaob, Zhuo Sunb, Hui Honga, Yongkang Luoa, Yuqing Tana( )
Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Hebei Dongkang Dairy Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 052160, China

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Abstract

Novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides were identified from whey protein hydrolysates (WPH) in vitro in our previous study and the antihypertensive abilities of WPH in vivo were further investigated in the current study. Results indicated that WPH significantly inhibited the development of high blood pressure and tissue injuries caused by hypertension. WPH inhibited ACE activity (20.81%, P < 0.01), and reduced renin concentration (P < 0.05), thereby reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) (12.63%, P < 0.05) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The increased Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus abundance promoted high short chain fatty acid content in feces after WPH intervention. These changes jointly contributed to low blood pressure. The heart weight and cardiomyocyte injuries (hypertrophy and degeneration) were alleviated by WPH. The proteomic results revealed that 19 protein expressions in the heart mainly associated with the wingless/integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway and Apelin signaling pathway were altered after WPH supplementation. Notably, WPH alleviated serum oxidative stress, indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde content (P < 0.01), enhanced total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.01) and superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.01). The current study suggests that WPH exhibit promising antihypertensive abilities in vivo and could be a potential alternative for antihypertensive dietary supplements.

Keywords

Gut microbiomeShort chain fatty acidsWhey protein hydrolysateAntihypertension

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 4,
July 2024
Pages 1974-1986
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250164
Cite this article:
Dou P, Li X, Zou X, et al. Antihypertensive effects of whey protein hydrolysate involve reshaping the gut microbiome in spontaneously hypertension rats. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(4): 1974-1986. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250164

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Received: 04 October 2022
Revised: 05 November 2022
Accepted: 04 January 2023
Published: 20 May 2024
© 2024 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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