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Open Access

Variation of microbiological and small molecule metabolite profiles of Nuodeng ham during ripening by high-throughput sequencing and GC-TOF-MS

Cong Lia,b,1Yingling Zoua,b,1Guozhou Liaoa( )Zijiang Yanga,bDahai Gua,bYuehong Pua,bChangrong GeaGuiying Wanga,b( )
Livestock Product Processing and Engineering Technology Research Center of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

1 Cong Li and Yingling Zou contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as co-first authors.

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Highlights

Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Staphylococcus were the dominant bacterial phyla and genera of Nuodeng ham.

Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Aspergillus were the dominant fungal phyla and genera of Nuodeng ham.

• A total of 252 small molecule metabolites were identified and 12 were differential metabolites.

• 23 metabolic pathways were related to ham fermentation, and 8 metabolic pathways had significant effects.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

The internal microbial diversity and small molecular metabolites of Nuodeng ham in different processing years (the first, second and third year sample) were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology and gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography (GC-TOF-MS) to study the effects of microorganisms and small molecular metabolites on the quality of ham in different processing years. The results showed that the dominant bacteria phyla of Nuodeng ham in different processing years were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, the dominant fungi phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, while Staphylococcus and Aspergillus were the dominant bacteria and fungi of Nuodeng ham, respectively. Totally, 252 kinds of small molecular metabolites were identified from Nuodeng ham in different processing years, and 12 different metabolites were screened through multivariate statistical analysis. Further metabolic pathway analysis showed that 23 metabolic pathways were related to ham fermentation, of which 8 metabolic pathways had significant effects on ham fermentation (Impact > 0.01, P < 0.05). The content of L-proline, phenyllactic acid, L-lysine, carnosine, taurine, D-proline, betaine and creatine were significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Staphylococcus and Serratia, but negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Halomonas, Aspergillus and Yamadazyma.

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Pages 2187-2196
Cite this article:
Li C, Zou Y, Liao G, et al. Variation of microbiological and small molecule metabolite profiles of Nuodeng ham during ripening by high-throughput sequencing and GC-TOF-MS. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(4): 2187-2196. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250182

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Received: 02 December 2022
Revised: 21 December 2022
Accepted: 03 February 2023
Published: 20 May 2024
© 2024 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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