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Open Access

Oligomeric procyanidins combined with Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorate high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation reaction and bile acid metabolism in ApoE-/- mice

Mingjuan Xua,b, Cheng Lüa,b, Yiqing Huc, Mo Zhanga,b, Jinxin Shena,b, Chunyi Liua,b, Qun Lua,b,d, Rui Liua,b,d,e( )
College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Wuhan Engineering Research Center of Bee Products on Quality and Safety Control, Wuhan 430070, China
Institute for Environment and Safety, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China
Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Highlights

• Oligomeric Procyanidins and P. distasonis combined (PPC) treatment decreases atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE−/− mice.

• PPC reduces inflammatory response and enhances antioxidant defense capacity in ApoE−/− mice.

• PPC promotes reverse transport and metabolism of cholesterol in ApoE−/−mice.

• PPC regulates primary bile acid biosynthesis and promotes fecal bile acid excretion in ApoE−/− mice.

• The study provides new insights into the anti-atherosclerotic effect based on probiotics and prebiotics.

Abstract

Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases. Hence, the prevention and treatment strategies of AS have attracted great research attention. As a potential probiotic, Pararabacteroides distasonis has a positive regulatory effect on lipid metabolism and bile acids (BAs) profile. Oligomeric procyanidins have been confirmed to be conducive to the prevention and treatment of AS, whose antiatherosclerotic effect may be associated with the promotion of gut probiotics. However, it remains unclear whether and how oligomeric procyanidins and P. distasonis combined (PPC) treatment can effectively alleviate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced AS. In this study, PPC treatment was found to significantly decrease atherosclerotic lesion, as well as alleviate the lipid metabolism disorder, inflammation and oxidative stress injury in ApoE-/- mice. Surprisingly, targeted metabolomics demonstrated that PPC intervention altered the BA profile in mice by regulating the ratio of secondary BAs to primary BAs, and increased fecal BAs excretion. Further, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis showed that PPC intervention facilitated reverse cholesterol transport by upregulating Srb1 expression; In addition, PPC intervention promoted BA synthesis from cholesterol in liver by upregulating Cyp7a1 expression via suppression of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) pathway, thus exhibiting a significant serum cholesterol-lowering effect. In summary, PPC attenuated HFD-induced AS in ApoE-/- mice, which provides new insights into the design of novel and efficient anti-atherosclerotic strategies to prevent AS based on probiotics and prebiotics.

Keywords

AtherosclerosisPararabacteroides distasonisOligomeric procyanidinsReverse cholesterol transportBile acid metabolism

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 5,
September 2024
Pages 2847-2856
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250230
Cite this article:
Xu M, Lü C, Hu Y, et al. Oligomeric procyanidins combined with Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorate high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation reaction and bile acid metabolism in ApoE-/- mice. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(5): 2847-2856. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250230

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Received: 11 January 2023
Revised: 16 February 2023
Accepted: 10 March 2023
Published: 10 October 2024
© 2024 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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