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Open Access

Characterization of squash polysaccharide and the anti-diabetic effect on type 2 diabetic rat revealed by urine metabolomics analysis

Li Lianga, Fuming Zhangb, Quanhong Lic,d, Baoguo Suna, Yuyu Zhanga( ), Robert J. Linhardtb( )
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biomedical Engineering and Biological Science, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180, USA
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
China National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100083, China

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Abstract

The present study reports the structural characteristics of 3 polysaccharide fractions (SPS-F1, SPS- F2 and SPS-F3) isolated and purified from squash. SPS-F1 (molecular weight (Mw) = 12.30 kDa) and SPS-F2 (Mw = 19.40 kDa) were likely to contain HG and RG-I domain of pectic polysaccharide, respectively. SPS-F2 (Mw = 270.4 kDa) was mainly composed of rhamnose, galactose and arabinose. The treatment with SPS decreased body weight gain, glucose and TG levels in type 2 diabetes rats. Besides, 25 differential metabolites were identified based on urinary metabolomics analysis, which are crucial to the anti-diabetic effect of SPS. The regulation of nicotinamide N-oxide, histamine, cis-aconitate, citrate, L-malic acid, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid and N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid were mainly associated with energy metabolism, gut microbiota and inflammation. Study of surface plasmon resonance revealed the binding kinetics with galectin-3 (Gal-3) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). The KD values of SPS-F2 and SPS-F3 to Gal-3 were 4.97 × 10-3 and 1.48 × 10-3 mol/L, indicating a weak binding affinity. All 3 fractions showed moderate binding to FGF2 and the affinity was SPS-F3 > SPS-F2 > SPS-F1. Thus, the metabolomics and SPR approach were proved to be a promising tool in exploring the anti-diabetes effects of SPS and provided a deep understanding of the mechanisms.

Keywords

PolysaccharideMetabolomicsType 2 diabetesSurface plasmon resonance

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 5,
September 2024
Pages 2937-2946
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250237
Cite this article:
Liang L, Zhang F, Li Q, et al. Characterization of squash polysaccharide and the anti-diabetic effect on type 2 diabetic rat revealed by urine metabolomics analysis. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(5): 2937-2946. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250237

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Received: 30 January 2023
Revised: 23 February 2023
Accepted: 13 March 2023
Published: 10 October 2024
© 2024 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences. Publishing services by Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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