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Goat milk-based infant formula regulates intestinal barrier function and promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids

Qingxue Chena, Ting Caoa, Hongwei Tanga, Linyi Zhoub,c,d, Yuxuan Zhenga, Jinju Chenga, Bailiang Lia (), Song Wanga()
College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430000, China
Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, Wuhan 430000, China

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Highlights

• FMT is a cutting-edge and effective means to study the development of infant food.

• Infant formula prepared from goat's milk is a more suitable alternative food for infants with insufficient breastfeeding.

• Goat milk-based infant formula improves immune and intestinal barrier function in HMA mice.

• Goat milk-based infant formula is expected to be a good food choice in enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids in the intestinal tract of infants.

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Abstract

Infant formula (IF) based on cow milk and goat milk is a substitute food for infants who are underfed with human milk. In our previous study, we reported the composition and physicochemical stability of IF based on milk from cows and goats and a combination of both milks. Here, we investigated the effects of these 3 IFs on intestinal immunity and short-chain fatty acid production (SCFAs) using human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice and selected human milk as a positive control. The results showed that goat milk-based IF is associated with a functional immune advantage, due to the rise in the levels of immune-related cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10, decreased levels of intestinal permeability markers D-lactic acid and endotoxin, and increased mRNA levels of intestinal tight junction proteins occludin and claudin. In addition, the intestine of mice fed with goat milk -based IF contained 12.06 μmol/g acetate, 2.42 μmol/g propionate, and 1.72 μmol/g butyrate, which reached 69%, 79 %, and 60% of the levels in human milk, respectively. Our results indicate that goat milk-based IF improves intestinal immune function and promotes the production of intestinal SCFAs.

Keywords

Goat milk-based infant formulaImmune functionShort-chain fatty acidHuman microbiota associated mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 6,
November 2024
Pages 3150-3158
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250002
Cite this article:
Chen Q, Cao T, Tang H, et al. Goat milk-based infant formula regulates intestinal barrier function and promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(6): 3150-3158. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250002
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