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Astragalin and rutin restore gut microbiota dysbiosis, alleviate obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice

Muni Swamy Ganjayia,b, Karunakaran Reddy Sankarana, Balaji Merigaa(), Ruchika Bhatiac, Shikha Sharmac, Kanthi Kiran Kondepudic
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens 45701, United States
Food and Nutrition Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

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Highlights

• CAR restored HFD-induced gut-microbial dysbiosis and enhanced SCFAs synthesis.

• CAR attenuated obesity and insulin-resistance in terms of body composition and glycemic parameters.

• CAR modulated PPAR-γ and AMPK mediated signaling pathway to alleviate obesity disorders.

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Abstract

In the present study we investigated the impact of the combination of astragalin and rutin (CAR) on restoring gut-microbial dysbiosis and obesity and obesity related disorders. Randomized male C57BL/6J mice were experimentally divided into 5 groups and fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Compared to vehicle treated group (HFD group), CAR could substantially improve selected gut microbiota abundance (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, Prevotella), reversed the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportions, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Klebsiella in obese mice. In addition, CAR-treated mice showed significantly increased total short-chain fatty acid production, reduced body weight gain, organs’ weights, serum lipid profile (except HDL) and insulin resistance. The mRNA expressions of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), adipocyte protein 2 (aP2), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were downregulated (P < 0.05) and the protein expression of PPAR-γ was downregulated while adenosine 5’ monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was phosphorylated in CAR-treated HFD-fed mice compared to the HFD control group. Interestingly, CAR-treated HFD-fed mice showed significantly improved tissue architecture in the liver and fatty tissues. In conclusion, the findings suggest that CAR/Moringa oleifera may be beneficial in the treatment of insulin resistance and obesity disorders.

Keywords

AstragalinGut microbiotaMoringa oleiferaObesityRutin

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 6,
November 2024
Pages 3256-3265
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250012
Cite this article:
Ganjayi MS, Sankaran KR, Meriga B, et al. Astragalin and rutin restore gut microbiota dysbiosis, alleviate obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(6): 3256-3265. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2023.9250012
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