Home Food Science and Human Wellness Article
PDF (1.9 MB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Open Access

Effects of excessive body fat on colostrum lipid patterns: overweight/obese vs. normal weight mothers

Qian Liua,b,c,1, Yan Liub,c,1, Di Yanga,b,c, Yanpin Liub,c, Yan Liub,c, Weicang Qiaob,c, Juncai Houa, Yaling Wangb,c, Minghui Zhangb,c, Kai Yangb,c, Xiaofei Fana,b,c, Ziqi Lib,c, Junying Zhaob,c, Lijun Chena,b,c ()
Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Food Science College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing 100163, China
Beijing Engineering Research Center of Dairy, Beijing Technical Innovation Center of Human Milk Research, Beijing Sanyuan Foods Co., Ltd., Beijing 100163, China

1 Contributed equally.

Peer review under responsibility of Tsinghua University Press.

Show Author Information

Abstract

Prenatal overweight/ obesity (OW/ OB) can alter colostrum lipid patterns, thereby affecting the lipid metabolism and even the cognitive and healthy development of infants. However, studies on changes in colostrum lipids in the context of OW/OB are limited, particularly for glycerides and polar lipids. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of maternal prenatal weight on colostrum in lipid subclasses and molecular species. The concentration of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in the colostrum of the OW/OB group (35894.43 mg/L) was higher than that of the normal weight (NW) group (26639.20 mg/L), suggesting that colostrum from OW/OB mothers could provide more energy to their infants. Further analysis of the fatty acid composition of TAGs revealed that elevated maternal body weight enhanced the concentration of TAGs containing saturated or n-6 fatty acids and shortened the carbon number of TAGs. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/arachidonic acid (AA)/choline-containing lipids, such as DHA-containing TAGs, AA/DHA-containing phosphatidylethanolamine, and choline-containing phospholipids, were present in higher levels in the colostrum of OW/OB mothers than NW mothers. However, the concentrations of palmitic acid-containing TAGs, linoleic acid-containing TAGs, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-containing TAGs, and polar lipids and the ratio of TAGs containing n-6 fatty acid/n-3 fatty acid were significantly higher in the colostrum of OW/OB mothers than in that of NW mothers. The fatty acid composition and sphingoid bases of sphingolipids were also altered due to elevated body weight. In conclusion, OW/OB affects colostrum lipids with respect to composition, concentration, and percentage. Although the colostrum of healthy OW/OB mothers can provide sufficient DHA/AA/choline-containing lipids to their infants, normalization of body weight and fat reserves should be considered as a strategy for high-quality human milk lipids.

Keywords

Overweight/obesityColostrumMaternal dietFat reservesGlyceridesPhospholipidsSphingolipids

Electronic Supplementary Material

Download File(s)
fshw-13-6-3708_ESM.docx (671 KB)

References

[1]

M. Hanson, M. Barker, J.M. Dodd, et al., Interventions to prevent maternal obesity before conception, during pregnancy, and post partum, Lancet Diabetes Endo. 5 (2017) 65-76. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30108-5.

Crossref Google Scholar
[2]

V.J. Sinanoglou, D. Cavouras, T. Boutsikou, et al., Factors affecting human colostrum fatty acid profile: a case study, PLoS One 12 (2017) 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175817.

Crossref Google Scholar
[3]

B. Koletzko, Human milk lipids, Ann. Nutr. Metab. 69 (2016) 28-40. https://doi.org/10.1159/000452819.

Crossref Google Scholar
[4]

C.A. Pomar, O. Kuda, J. Kopecky, et al., Maternal diet, rather than obesity itself, has a main influence on milk triacylglycerol profile in dietary obese rats, BBA-Mol. Cell Biol. L. 1865 (2020) 158556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158556.

Crossref Google Scholar
[5]

R.A. Tinius, M.M. Blankenship, K.E. Furgal, et al., Metabolic flexibility is impaired in women who are pregnant and overweight/obese and related to insulin resistance and inflammation, Metabolism 104 (2020) 154142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154142.

Crossref Google Scholar
[6]

J. Araya, R. Rodrigo, P. Pettinelli, et al., Decreased liver fatty acid Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturase activity in obese patients, Obesity 18 (2010) 1460-1463. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2009.379.

Crossref Google Scholar
[7]

M. Gonzalez-Soto, D.M. Mutch, Diet regulation of long-chain PUFA synthesis: role of macronutrients, micronutrients, and polyphenols on Δ-5/Δ-6 desaturases and elongases 2/5, Adv. Nutr. 12 (2021) 980-994. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa142.

Crossref Google Scholar
[8]

R. Chamorro, K.A. Bascuñán, C. Barrera, et al., Reduced n-3 and n-6 PUFA (DHA and AA) concentrations in breast milk and erythrocytes phospholipids during pregnancy and lactation in women with obesity, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 19 (2022) 1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19041930.

Crossref Google Scholar
[9]

I. Burianova, J. Bronsky, M. Pavlikova, et al., Maternal body mass index, parity and smoking are associated with human milk macronutrient content after preterm delivery, Early Hum. Dev. 137 (2019) 104832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104832.

Crossref Google Scholar
[10]

A. Pérez-Gálvez, M.V. Calvo, J. Megino-Tello, et al., Effect of gestational age (preterm or full term) on lipid composition of the milk fat globule and its membrane in human colostrum, J. Dairy Sci. 103 (2020) 7742-7751. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-18428.

Crossref Google Scholar
[11]

M. Li, J. Chen, X. Shen, et al., Metabolomics-based comparative study of breast colostrum and mature breast milk, Food Chem. 384 (2022) 132491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132491.

Crossref Google Scholar
[12]

M.M. El-Loly, Colostrum ingredients, its nutritional and health benefits-an overview, Clin. Nutr. Open Sci. 44 (2022) 126-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutos.2022.07.001.

Crossref Google Scholar
[13]

N. Fidler, B. Koletzko, The fatty acid composition of human colostrum, Eur. J. Nutr. 39 (2000) 31-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003940050073.

Crossref Google Scholar
[14]

S.M. Pons, A.C. Bargalló, C.C. Folgoso, et al., Triacylglycerol composition in colostrum transitional and mature human milk, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 54 (2000) 878-882. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601096.

Crossref Google Scholar
[15]

Q. Liu, J.Y. Zhao, Y. Liu, et al., Advances in analysis, metabolism and mimicking of human milk lipids, Food Chem. 393 (2022) 133332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133332.

Crossref Google Scholar
[16]

S.S. Wang, Z.J. Liu, Y.X. Song, et al., Characterization and comparison of lipids from human and ewe colostrum based on lipidomics analysis, Food Chem. 400 (2023) 133998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133998.

Crossref Google Scholar
[17]

A. Suarez-Trujillo, K. Huff, C.R. Ferreira, et al., High-fat-diet induced obesity increases the proportion of linoleic acyl residues in dam serum and milk and in suckling neonate circulation, Biol. Reprod. 103 (2020) 736-749. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioaa103.

Crossref Google Scholar
[18]

T. Roszer, Further evidence that breast milk lipids control adiposity, J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 106 (2021) e1458-e1459. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa910.

Crossref Google Scholar
[19]

A. Oosting, N. van Vlies, D. Kegler, et al., Effect of dietary lipid structure in early postnatal life on mouse adipose tissue development and function in adulthood, Br. J. Nutr. 111 (2014) 215-226. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114513002201.

Crossref Google Scholar
[20]

P. Zhao, S. Zhang, L. Liu, et al., Differences in the triacylglycerol and fatty acid compositions of human colostrum and mature milk, J. Agric. Food Chem. 66 (2018) 4571-4579. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00868.

Crossref Google Scholar
[21]

J.Y. Bernard, M. Armand, C. Garcia, et al., The association between linoleic acid levels in colostrum and child cognition at 2 and 3 y in the EDEN cohort, Pediatr. Res. 77 (2015) 829-835. https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2015.50.

Crossref Google Scholar
[22]

L. Ellsworth, W. Perng, E. Harman, et al., Impact of maternal overweight and obesity on milk composition and infant growth, Matern. Child Nutr. 16 (2020) e12979. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12979.

Crossref Google Scholar
[23]

J.Y. Zhao, Q. Liu, Y. Liu, et al., Quantitative profiling of glycerides, glycerophosphatides and sphingolipids in Chinese human milk with ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Food Chem. 346 (2021) 128857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128857.

Crossref Google Scholar
[24]

A.H. Ali, X.Q. Zou, J.H. Huang, et al., Profiling of phospholipids molecular species from different mammalian milk powders by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry, J. Food Compos. Anal. 62 (2017) 143-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2017.05.007.

Crossref Google Scholar
[25]

Q. Liu, J.Y. Zhao, Y. Liu, et al., Study on the characteristics of glycerides and phospholipids in human milk from Tibet, Food Res. Int. 157 (2022) 111025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2021.02.002.

Crossref Google Scholar
[26]

M. Tarvainen, H. Kallio, B. Yang, Regiospecific analysis of triacylglycerols by ultrahigh-performance-liquid chromatography-electrospray Ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, Anal. Chem. 91 (2019) 13695-13702. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02968.

Crossref Google Scholar
[27]

Q. Zhou, B.Y. Gao, X. Zhang, et al., Chemical profiling of triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols in cow milk fat by ultra-performance convergence chromatography combined with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, Food Chem. 143 (2014) 199-204. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.114.

Crossref Google Scholar
[28]

N. Sirimi, D.G. Goulis, Obesity in pregnancy, Hormones. 9 (2010) 299-306. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00991.x.

Crossref Google Scholar
[29]

E. Arranz, M. Corredig, Invited review: milk phospholipid vesicles, their colloidal properties, and potential as delivery vehicles for bioactive molecules, J. Dairy Sci. 100 (2017) 4213-4222. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12236.

Crossref Google Scholar
[30]

S.M. Innis, Dietary triacylglycerol structure and its role in infant nutrition, Adv. Nutr. 2 (2011) 275-283. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.111.000448.

Crossref Google Scholar
[31]

D. Alvarez, Y. Munoz, M. Ortiz, et al., Impact of maternal obesity on the metabolism and bioavailability of polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy and breastfeeding, Nutrients 13 (2020) 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13010019.

Crossref Google Scholar
[32]

V. Castro-Alves, M. Orešič, T. Hyötyläinen, Lipidomics in nutrition research, Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. 25 (2022) 311-318. https://doi.org/10.1097/mco.0000000000000852.

Crossref Google Scholar
[33]

X. He, S. McClorry, O. Hernell, et al., Digestion of human milk fat in healthy infants, Nutr. Res. 83 (2020) 15-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2020.08.002.

Crossref Google Scholar
[34]

E. Storck Lindholm, B. Strandvik, D. Altman, et al., Different fatty acid pattern in breast milk of obese compared to normal-weight mothers, Prostag Leukotr. Ess. 88 (2013) 211-217. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2012.11.007.

Crossref Google Scholar
[35]

A.A. Rydlewski, L.P. Manin, J.S. Pizzo, et al., Lipid profile by direct infusion ESI-MS and fatty acid composition by GC-FID in human milk: association with nutritional status of donors, J. Food Compos. Anal. 100 (2021) 103797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103797.

Crossref Google Scholar
[36]

A.M. Mustonen, P. Nieminen, Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6)-metabolism, derivatives, and potential significance in chronic inflammation, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24 (2023) 2116. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.0816-18.

Crossref Google Scholar
[37]

Y. Tsurutani, K. Inoue, C. Sugisawa, et al., Increased serum dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid levels are associated with obesity, body fat accumulation, and insulin resistance in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, Intern. Med. 57 (2018) 2929-2935. https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.0816-18.

Crossref Google Scholar
[38]

T. Murase, T. Mizuno, T. Omachi, et al., Dietary diacylglycerol suppresses high fat and high sucrose diet-induced body fat accumulation in C57BL/6J mice, J. Lipid Res. 42 (2001) 372-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2275(20)31661-8.

Crossref Google Scholar
[39]

M. Margolis, O. Perez Jr., M. Martinez, et al., Phospholipid makeup of the breast adipose tissue is impacted by obesity and mammary cancer in the mouse: results of a pilot study, Biochimie. 108 (2015) 133-139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2014.11.009.

Crossref Google Scholar
[40]

M.K. Ahmmed, F. Ahmmed, H.S. Tian, et al., Marine omega-3 (n-3) phospholipids: a comprehensive review of their properties, sources, bioavailability, and relation to brain health, Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F. 19 (2020) 64-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12510.

Crossref Google Scholar
[41]

D. Sugasini, P.C.R. Yalagala, A. Goggin, et al., Enrichment of brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is highly dependent upon the molecular carrier of dietary DHA: lysophosphatidylcholine is more efficient than either phosphatidylcholine or triacylglycerol, J. Nutr. Biochem. 74 (2019) 108231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108231.

Crossref Google Scholar
[42]

A. Cilla, K. Diego Quintaes, R. Barbera, et al., Phospholipids in human milk and infant formulas: benefits and needs for correct infant nutrition, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 56 (2016) 1880-1892. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2013.803951.

Crossref Google Scholar
[43]

C.Y. Jiang, L.Z. Cheong, X. Zhang, et al., Dietary sphingomyelin metabolism and roles in gut health and cognitive development, Adv. Nutr. 13 (2021) 474-491. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab117.

Crossref Google Scholar
[44]

W. Li, T. Belwal, L. Li, et al., Sphingolipids in foodstuff: compositions, distribution, digestion, metabolism and health effects-a comprehensive review, Food Res. Int. 147 (2021) 110566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110566.

Crossref Google Scholar
[45]

Z.J. Fang, S.S. Pyne, N.J. Pyne, Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate in adipose dysfunction, Prog. Lipid Res. 74 (2019) 145-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.001.

Crossref Google Scholar
[46]

N. Barbarroja, S. Rodriguez-Cuenca, H. Nygren, et al., Increased dihydroceramide/ceramide ratio aediated by defective expression of Degs1 impairs adipocyte differentiation and function, Diabetes 64 (2015) 1180-1192. https://doi.org/10.2337/db14-0359.

Crossref Google Scholar
[47]

S.M. Turpin, H.T. Nicholls, D.M. Willmes, et al., Obesity-induced CerS6-dependent C16:0 ceramide production promotes weight gain and glucose intolerance, Cell Metab. 20 (2014) 678-686. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2014.08.002.

Crossref Google Scholar
Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 13 Issue 6,
November 2024
Pages 3708-3717
DOI: 10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250193
Cite this article:
Liu Q, Liu Y, Yang D, et al. Effects of excessive body fat on colostrum lipid patterns: overweight/obese vs. normal weight mothers. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2024, 13(6): 3708-3717. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250193
Metrics & Citations  
Article History
Copyright
Rights and Permissions
Return