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Research Article | Open Access

Ultra-low temperature cofired ceramics based on Li2WO4 as perspective substrate materials for terahertz frequencies

Dorota Szwagierczaka( ), Beata Synkiewicz-Musialskaa, Jan Kulawika, Elżbieta Czerwińskab, Norbert Pałkab( )
Kraków Division, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Kraków 30-701, Poland
Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Warszawa 00-908, Poland
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

With the development of low dielectric permittivity materials having an ultra-low sintering temperature, testing their dielectric properties at terahertz frequencies suitable for 6G communication systems and implementation of the fabricated materials in ultra-low temperature cofired ceramics (ULTCC) were the main goals of the research. Lithium tungstate Li2WO4 was synthesized by a solid-state reaction and used for the preparation of green tapes and test structures with cofired internal conductive layers, which are destined for substrates of microwave and submillimeter wave circuits. Sintering behavior, thermal effects, and mass changes of the green tapes during heating were studied using a hot-stage microscope, differential thermal analysis, and thermogravimetry. A single-phase composition was revealed for being undoped and doped with AlF3–CaB4O7 ceramics. The impact of frequency, temperature, the addition of AlF3–CaB4O7 and CuBi2O4 dopants, and sintering temperature was the subject of in-depth characterization of dielectric properties in a terahertz region. A glass-free composition, ultra-low sintering temperature of 590–630 ℃, low roughness of the green tapes, dense microstructure, compatibility with Ag conductors, low and stable dielectric permittivity of 5.0–5.8 in a broad range of 0.2–2 THz, and low dielectric loss of 0.008–0.01 at 1 THz are the main advantages of the developed ULTCC substrates.

Keywords

Li2WO4ultra-low temperature cofired ceramics (ULTCC)tape castingdielectric propertiesterahertz frequency range

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics
Volume 12 Issue 3,
March 2023
Pages 526-538
DOI: 10.26599/JAC.2023.9220701
Cite this article:
Szwagierczak D, Synkiewicz-Musialska B, Kulawik J, et al. Ultra-low temperature cofired ceramics based on Li2WO4 as perspective substrate materials for terahertz frequencies. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2023, 12(3): 526-538. https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2023.9220701

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Received: 25 August 2022
Revised: 09 November 2022
Accepted: 30 November 2022
Published: 15 February 2023
© The Author(s) 2022.

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