AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Journal of Advanced Ceramics Article
PDF (1 MB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript AI Chat Paper
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article | Open Access

Cold sintering process for fabrication of a superhydrophobic ZnO–polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ceramic composite

Xuetong Zhaoa, Yang Yanga, Li Chenga( ), Jing Guob( ), Shenglin Kanga, Yuchen Lia, Xilin Wangc, Lijun Yanga, Ruijin Liaoa
State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Engineering Laboratory of Power Equipment Reliability in Complicated Coastal Environments, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Composite coatings or films with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are typically utilized to offer superhydrophobic surfaces. However, the superhydrophobic surfaces usually have limited durability and require complicated fabrication methods. Herein, we report the successful integration of PTFE with ZnO ceramics to achieve superhydrophobicity via a one-step sintering method, cold sintering process (CSP), at 300 ℃. (1–x) ZnO–x PTFE ceramic composites with x ranging from 0 to 70 vol% are densified with relative density of over 97%. Micro/nano-scale PTFE polymer is dispersed among ZnO grains forming polymer grain boundary phases, which modulate surface morphology and surface energy of the ZnO–PTFE ceramic composites. For the 60 vol% ZnO–40 vol% PTFE ceramic composite, superhydrophobic properties are optimized with static water contact angles (WCAs) and sliding angles (SAs) of 162° and 7°, respectively. After abrading into various thicknesses (2.52, 2.26, and 1.99 mm) and contaminating with graphite powders on the surface, WCA and SA are still maintained with a high level of 157°–160° and 7°–9.3°, respectively. This work indicates that CSP provides a promising pathway to integrate polymers with ceramics to realize stable superhydrophobicity.

Keywords

cold sintering process (CSP)ZnO–polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ceramic compositescontact anglessliding angles (SAs)superhydrophobicity

Electronic Supplementary Material

Video
JAC0784_ESM_Videos S1.mp4
JAC0784_ESM_Videos S2.mp4
Download File(s)
JAC0784_ESM.pdf (798.5 KB)

References

[1]
Dhyani A, Wang J, Halvey AK, et al. Design and applications of surfaces that control the accretion of matter. Science 2021, 373: 5010.
Crossref Google Scholar
[2]
Tuteja A, Choi W, Ma ML, et al. Designing superoleophobic surfaces. Science 2007, 318: 1618–1622.
Crossref Google Scholar
[3]
Yao X, Xu L, Jiang L. Fabrication and characterization of superhydrophobic surfaces with dynamic stability. Adv Funct Mater 2010, 20: 3343–3349.
Crossref Google Scholar
[4]
Ding ZK, Liu Z, Xiao CF. Fabrication of a novel one-step coating hyper-hydrophobic fluorine-free TiO2 decorated hollow composite membrane for use in longer-term VMD with enhanced flux, rejection, anti-wetting and anti-fouling performances. Nanoscale 2021, 13: 12342–12355.
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]
Wang DH, Sun QQ, Hokkanen MJ, et al. Design of robust superhydrophobic surfaces. Nature 2020, 582: 55–59.
Crossref Google Scholar
[6]
Tenjimbayashi M, Samitsu S, Naito M. Simultaneous detection and repair of wetting defects in superhydrophobic coatings via Cassie–Wenzel transitions of liquid marbles. Adv Funct Mater 2019, 29: 1900688.
Crossref Google Scholar
[7]
Guo L, Li G, Gan ZL. Effects of surface roughness on CMAS corrosion behavior for thermal barrier coating applications. J Adv Ceram 2021, 10: 472–481.
Crossref Google Scholar
[8]
Shao JL, Sheng WJ, Wang CT, et al. Solvent-free fabrication of tough self-crosslinkable short-fluorinated copolymer nanocoatings for ultradurable superhydrophobic fabrics. Chem Eng J 2021, 416: 128043.
Crossref Google Scholar
[9]
Cao HJ, Liu Y. Facile design of a stable and inorganic underwater superoleophobic copper mesh modified by self-assembly sodium silicate and aluminum oxide for oil/water separation with high flux. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021, 598: 483–491.
Crossref Google Scholar
[10]
Gaddam A, Sharma H, Karkantonis T, et al. Anti-icing properties of femtosecond laser-induced nano and multiscale topographies. Appl Surf Sci 2021, 552: 149443.
Crossref Google Scholar
[11]
Zhang WX, Gao J, Deng YJ, et al. Tunable superhydrophobicity from 3D hierarchically nano-wrinkled micro-pyramidal architectures. Adv Funct Mater 2021, 31: 2101068.
Crossref Google Scholar
[12]
Ren TT, He JH. Substrate-versatile approach to robust antireflective and superhydrophobic coatings with excellent self-cleaning property in varied environments. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017, 9: 34367–34376.
Crossref Google Scholar
[13]
Wang P, Li TP, Zhang D. Fabrication of non-wetting surfaces on zinc surface as corrosion barrier. Corros Sci 2017, 128: 110–119.
Crossref Google Scholar
[14]
Huang JD, Lyu SY, Chen ZL, et al. A facile method for fabricating robust cellulose nanocrystal/SiO2 superhy-drophobic coatings. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019, 536: 349–362.
Crossref Google Scholar
[15]
Yuan SC, Peng JW, Zhang XG, et al. A mechanically robust slippery surface with ‘corn-like’ structures fabricated by in-situ growth of TiO2 on attapulgite. Chem Eng J 2021, 415: 128953.
Crossref Google Scholar
[16]
Nine MJ, Cole MA, Johnson L, et al. Robust superhydrophobic graphene-based composite coatings with self-cleaning and corrosion barrier properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015, 7: 28482–28493.
Crossref Google Scholar
[17]
Wang P, Li CY, Zhang D. Recent advances in chemical durability and mechanical stability of superhydrophobic materials: Multi-strategy design and strengthening. J Mater Sci Technol 2022, 129: 40–69.
Crossref Google Scholar
[18]
Verho T, Bower C, Andrew P, et al. Mechanically durable superhydrophobic surfaces. Adv Mater 2011, 23: 673–678.
Crossref Google Scholar
[19]
Milionis A, Loth E, Bayer IS. Recent advances in the mechanical durability of superhydrophobic materials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2016, 229: 57–79.
Crossref Google Scholar
[20]
Wooh S, Encinas N, Vollmer D, et al. Stable hydrophobic metal-oxide photocatalysts via grafting polydimethylsiloxane brush. Adv Mater 2017, 29: 1604637.
Crossref Google Scholar
[21]
Wang H, Zhou FM, Guo JM, et al. Surface-modified Zn0.5Ti0.5NbO4 particles filled polytetrafluoroethylene composite with extremely low dielectric loss and stable temperature dependence. J Adv Ceram 2020, 9: 726–738.
Crossref Google Scholar
[22]
Wang C, Zhao XT, Ren LL, et al. Enhanced dielectric and energy storage properties of P(VDF-HFP) through elevating β-phase formation under unipolar nanosecond electric pulses. Appl Phys Lett 2023, 122: 023903.
Crossref Google Scholar
[23]
Wang SQ, Wang YM, Zou YC, et al. Scalable-manufactured superhydrophobic multilayer nanocomposite coating with mechanochemical robustness and high-temperature endurance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020, 12: 35502–35512.
Crossref Google Scholar
[24]
Li DW, Wang HY, Liu Y, et al. Large-scale fabrication of durable and robust super-hydrophobic spray coatings with excellent repairable and anti-corrosion performance. Chem Eng J 2019, 367: 169–179.
Crossref Google Scholar
[25]
Ren LL, Li H, Xie ZL, et al. High-temperature high-energy-density dielectric polymer nanocomposites utilizing inorganic core–shell nanostructured nanofillers. Adv Energy Mater 2021, 11: 2101297.
Crossref Google Scholar
[26]
Zhang Z, Duan XM, Tian Z, et al. Texture and anisotropy of hot-pressed h-BN matrix composite ceramics with in situ formed YAG. J Adv Ceram 2022, 11: 532–544.
Crossref Google Scholar
[27]
Ding JX, Tian WB, Zhang PG, et al. Preparation and arc erosion properties of Ag/Ti2SnC composites under electric arc discharging. J Adv Ceram 2019, 8: 90–101.
Crossref Google Scholar
[28]
Peng CY, Chen ZY, Tiwari MK. All-organic superhydrophobic coatings with mechanochemical robustness and liquid impalement resistance. Nat Mater 2018, 17: 355–360.
Crossref Google Scholar
[29]
Urata C, Dunderdale GJ, England MW, et al. Self-lubricating organogels (SLUGs) with exceptional syneresis-induced anti-sticking properties against viscous emulsions and ices. J Mater Chem A 2015, 3: 12626–12630.
Crossref Google Scholar
[30]
Vakifahmetoglu C, Karacasulu L. Cold sintering of ceramics and glasses: A review. Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci 2020, 24: 100807.
Crossref Google Scholar
[31]
Gutmanas EY, Rabinkin A, Roitberg M. Cold sintering under high pressure. Scr Metall 1979, 13: 11–15.
Crossref Google Scholar
[32]
Yamasaki N, Yanagisawa K, Nishioka M, et al. A hydrothermal hot-pressing method: Apparatus and application. In: Hydrothermal Reactions for Materials Science and Engineering. Sōmiya S, Ed. Dordrecht: Springer, 1989: 423–424.
Crossref
[33]
Hirano SI, Somiya S. Hydrothermal reaction sintering of pure Cr2O3. J Am Ceram Soc 1976, 59: 534.
Crossref Google Scholar
[34]
Guo J, Guo HZ, Baker AL, et al. Cold sintering: A paradigm shift for processing and integration of ceramics. Angew Chem 2016, 128: 11629–11633.
Crossref Google Scholar
[35]
Guo HZ, Baker A, Guo J, et al. Cold sintering process: A novel technique for low-temperature ceramic processing of ferroelectrics. J Am Ceram Soc 2016, 99: 3489–3507.
Crossref Google Scholar
[36]
Guo J, Floyd R, Lowum S, et al. Cold sintering: Progress, challenges, and future opportunities. Annu Rev Mater Res 2019, 49: 275–295.
Crossref Google Scholar
[37]
Gao J, Ding Q, Yan P, et al. Highly improved microwave absorbing and mechanical properties in cold sintered ZnO by incorporating graphene oxide. J Eur Ceram Soc 2022, 42: 993–1000.
Crossref Google Scholar
[38]
Gao J, Xia ZG, Ding Q, et al. Cold sintering of highly transparent calcium fluoride nanoceramic as a universal platform for high-power lighting. Adv Funct Mater 2023, 33: 2302088.
Crossref Google Scholar
[39]
Zhao XT, Guo J, Wang K, et al. Introducing a ZnO–PTFE (polymer) nanocomposite varistor via the cold sintering process. Adv Eng Mater 2018, 20: 1700902.
Crossref Google Scholar
[40]
Ndayishimiye A, Tsuji K, Wang K, et al. Sintering mechanisms and dielectric properties of cold sintered (1–x) SiO2–x PTFE composites. J Eur Ceram Soc 2019, 39: 4743–4751.
Crossref Google Scholar
[41]
Guo J, Guo HZ, Heidary DSB, et al. Semiconducting properties of cold sintered V2O5 ceramics and co-sintered V2O5-PEDOT: PSS composites. J Eur Ceram Soc 2017, 37: 1529–1534.
Crossref Google Scholar
[42]
Zheng WY, Ren LL, Zhao XT, et al. Tuning interfacial relaxations in P(VDF-HFP) with Al2O3@ZrO2 core–shell nanofillers for enhanced dielectric and energy storage performance. Compos Sci Technol 2022, 222: 109379.
Crossref Google Scholar
[43]
Hanford WE, Joyce RM. Polytetrafluoroethylene. J Am Chem Soc 1946, 68: 2082–2085.
Crossref Google Scholar
[44]
Chen JD, Liu ZY. Dielectric Physics. Beijing: Mechanical Industry, 1982.
[45]
Veeramasuneni S, Drelich J, Miller JD, et al. Hydrophobicity of ion-plated PTFE coatings. Prog Org Coat 1997, 31: 265–270.
Crossref Google Scholar
[46]
Fowkes FM. Determination of interfacial tensions, contact angles, and dispersion forces in surfaces by assuming additivity of intermolecular interactions in surfaces. J Phys Chem 1962, 66: 382.
Crossref Google Scholar
[47]
Fowkes FM. Attractive forces at interfaces. Ind Eng Chem 1964, 56: 40–52.
Crossref Google Scholar
[48]
Fowkes FM. Role of acid-base interfacial bonding in adhesion. J Adhes Sci Technol 1987, 1: 7–27.
Crossref Google Scholar
[49]
Fowkes FM, Riddle FL, Pastore WE, et al. Interfacial interactions between self-associated polar liquids and squalane used to test equations for solid—Liquid interfacial interactions. Colloids Surf 1990, 43: 367–387.
Crossref Google Scholar
[50]
Young T. III. An essay on the cohesion of fluids. Phil Trans R Soc 1805, 95: 65–87.
Crossref Google Scholar
[51]
Panzer J. Components of solid surface free energy from wetting measurements. J Colloid Interface Sci 1973, 44: 142–161.
Crossref Google Scholar
[52]
Cheng ZJ, Zhang DJ, Lv T, et al. Superhydrophobic shape memory polymer arrays with switchable isotropic/anisotropic wetting. Adv Funct Mater 2018, 28: 1705002.
Crossref Google Scholar
[53]
Zhong WS, Wu MY, Xiong BC, et al. High stability superhydrophobic glass-ceramic surface with micro–nano hierarchical structure. Ceram Int 2022, 48: 23527–23535.
Crossref Google Scholar
[54]
Zhu HB, Hu WH, Xu YD, et al. Gradient structure based dual-robust superhydrophobic surfaces with high-adhesive force. Appl Surf Sci 2019, 463: 427–434.
Crossref Google Scholar
[55]
Peng WY, Gou XL, Qin HL, et al. Robust Mg(OH)2/epoxy resin superhydrophobic coating applied to composite insulators. Appl Surf Sci 2019, 466: 126–132.
Crossref Google Scholar
[56]
Jiang C, Liu WQ, Yang MP, et al. Robust multifunctional superhydrophobic fabric with UV induced reversible wettability, photocatalytic self-cleaning property, and oil-water separation via thiol-ene click chemistry. Appl Surf Sci 2019, 463: 34–44.
Crossref Google Scholar
[57]
Zhang DG, Li LH, Wu YL, et al. One-step method for fabrication of bioinspired hierarchical superhydrophobic surface with robust stability. Appl Surf Sci 2019, 473: 493–499.
Crossref Google Scholar
[58]
Varshney P, Mohapatra SS. Durable and regenerable superhydrophobic coatings for brass surfaces with excellent self-cleaning and anti-fogging properties prepared by immersion technique. Tribol Int 2018, 123: 17–25.
Crossref Google Scholar
[59]
Huang JD, Lyu SY, Chen ZL, et al. A facile method for fabricating robust cellulose nanocrystal/SiO2 superhydrophobic coatings. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019, 536: 349–362.
Crossref Google Scholar
[60]
Gao XY, Guo ZG. Mechanical stability, corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic steel and repairable durability of its slippery surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018, 512: 239–248.
Crossref Google Scholar
Journal of Advanced Ceramics
Volume 12 Issue 9,
September 2023
Pages 1758-1766
DOI: 10.26599/JAC.2023.9220784
Cite this article:
Zhao X, Yang Y, Cheng L, et al. Cold sintering process for fabrication of a superhydrophobic ZnO–polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ceramic composite. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2023, 12(9): 1758-1766. https://doi.org/10.26599/JAC.2023.9220784

1667

Views

345

Downloads

7

Crossref

7

Web of Science

7

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 03 May 2023
Revised: 01 July 2023
Accepted: 02 July 2023
Published: 18 September 2023
© The Author(s) 2023.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Return