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Original Article | Open Access

Formation mechanism of hydrochemical and quality evaluation of shallow groundwater in the Upper Kebir sub-basin, Northeast Algeria

Allia Zineb1,2( ), Lalaoui Meriem1,2
Natural Sciences and Materials Laboratory (LSNM), University Center A. Boussouf of Mila, Po Box 26 RP 43000 Mila, Algeria
Institute of Science and Technology, university Center A. Boussouf of Mila, Po Box 26 Postal Reference 43000 Mila, Algeria
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Abstract

This study investigates the hydrochemical formation mechanism of shallow groundwater in the Upper Kebir upstream sub-basin (Northeastern Algeria). The objective is to evaluate water quality suitability for domestic purposes through the application of water quality index (WQI). A total of 24 water points (wells and borewells) evenly distributed in the basin were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for determining the major ions and other geochemical parameters in the groundwater. The groundwater hydrochemical types were identified as Cl–Na and Cl–HCO3 –Na, with the dominant major ions were found in the order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ for cations, and Cl− > SO42− > HCO3– > NO3− for anions. Results suggest that weathering, dissolution of carbonate, sulfate, salt rocks, and anthropogenic activities were the major contributors to ion content in the groundwater. The Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated to assess the water quality of potable water. Approximately 50% of the sampled sites exhibited good water quality. However, the study highlights significant NO3 contamination in the study area, with 50% of samples exceeding permissible limits. Therefore, effective treatment measures are crucial for the safe consumption of groundwater.

Keywords

Semi-aridSalinization processNitrateWater Quality IndexDomestic use

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering
Volume 12 Issue 1,
March 2024
Pages 78-91
DOI: 10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280007
Cite this article:
Zineb A, Meriem L. Formation mechanism of hydrochemical and quality evaluation of shallow groundwater in the Upper Kebir sub-basin, Northeast Algeria. Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering, 2024, 12(1): 78-91. https://doi.org/10.26599/JGSE.2024.9280007

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Received: 17 December 2022
Accepted: 20 May 2023
Published: 15 March 2024
2305-7068/© 2024 Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering Editorial Office

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)
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