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Research Article | Open Access

Fabrication, Characterization, and In Vitro Testing of Quercetin–Copper(II) Complex

Sidra Sajid1,§Nazish Jahan1,§Zille Huma2Muhammad Ishaq Ali3Amir Zada3Aliya Ibrar4Ghulam Abbas Ashraf5Laila Noureen6Muhammad Ayaz7Samia Arain8( )Faiq Saeed9( )
Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Paktunkhwa, Pakistan
Department of Chemistry, University of Haripur, Pakistan
New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan
MTA-SZTE Momentum, Biocollids Research Group, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
School of chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

§These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Quercetin is a biologically active and widely used dietary flavonoid with robust antioxidant and chelating effects. However, due to its lesser solubility, it has poor bioavailability, which results in limited medicinal effects. This study synthesized quercetin–metal complexes, which enhanced the medicinal properties and bioavailability of quercetin. Quercetin–copper (Cu) complexes were fabricated by using copper sulfate and copper chloride in the Quercetin/Cu ratios of 1:2 and 1:1, respectively. Furthermore, Cu complexes with quercetin extracted from onion peels or standard quercetin were obtained. The current research also sought to assess the bioavailability as well as antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Spectrophotometry revealed that better complexes were prepared with a ratio of 1:2 as compared to 1:1. Copper chloride and copper sulfate showed no significant (p < 0.05) effects on complex formation. These metal complexes had a considerable impact on Bacillus subtilis (Gram+) as compared to Escherichia coli (Gram). The pharmacokinetic parameters indicated that the oral bioavailability of quercetin–Cu(II) complexes was significantly enhanced as compared to pure quercetin. The results of this study suggested the successful formation of quercetin–metal complexes, which markedly increased the bio-availability of quercetin.

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Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
Pages 402-415
Cite this article:
Sajid S, Jahan N, Huma Z, et al. Fabrication, Characterization, and In Vitro Testing of Quercetin–Copper(II) Complex. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2024, 16(3): 402-415. https://doi.org/10.26599/NBE.2024.9290085

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Received: 28 January 2024
Revised: 16 March 2024
Accepted: 15 April 2024
Published: 02 July 2024
© The Author(s) 2024.

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