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Review Article | Open Access

Batteries with asymmetric solid-state electrolytes for sustainable energy storage

Yiming Zhang1,§, Chenke Tang1,§, Rongmeng Gu1,§, Meng Yao1(), Yi Guo2, Liyu Du1, Lv Xu1, Qian Wang1, Hao Wu1, Haitao Zhang3, Yun Zhang1, Wenlong Cai1()
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

§ Yiming Zhang, Chenke Tang, and Rongmeng Gu contributed equally to this work.

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This review provided the development and exploration of asymmetric solid-state electrolytes (ASSEs) for univalence and multivalence metallic ion batteries, especially from the perspective of meeting the asynchronous demands of the cathode and the anode. The strategies for enhancing the interfacial compatibility of ASSE and outlook are also discussed for taking the ASSEs systems to the next level.

Abstract

With the increased penetration of energy storage devices in daily life, safety hazard and energy density issues are attracting greater and greater interest. Conventional liquid electrolytes suffer from leakage, flammability, gas evolution, dendrite hazards, and so on, especially when matching with high-energy-density metal anodes. Though solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are promising candidates for the next-generation safe and high energy density energy storage system, individual SSE fails to meet the asynchronous demands of cathode and anode, because of their intrinsic solid chemistry properties. Among numerous modified approaches related to SSEs chemistry, asymmetric SSEs (ASSEs) which have more than one SSE and multilayer structure take advantage of individual SSE layers and complement each other’s disadvantages, showing Janus abilities. However, there are few reviews about ASSEs. Also, the problem of interface compatibility the between different electrolytes as well as the interface of electrodes and electrolytes is hindering the development of ASSEs. This review comprehensively outlines the state of the art of ASSEs. Additionally, it summarizes the advantages and functions of ASSEs with the unique structure for different energy storage. Furthermore, the interfacial compatibility and corresponding evaluation methods are discussed. Finally, an outlook on how ASSEs will develop in the future energy storage applications is proposed.

Keywords

asymmetric solid-state electrolytesmetal batterymetal dendritesinterfacial compatibility

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Nano Research
Volume 18 Issue 5,
May 2025
Article number: 94907316
DOI: 10.26599/NR.2025.94907316
Cite this article:
Zhang Y, Tang C, Gu R, et al. Batteries with asymmetric solid-state electrolytes for sustainable energy storage. Nano Research, 2025, 18(5): 94907316. https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907316
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