Functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications of natural products have gained growing attention as there is increasingly awareness of the association between bioactive compounds and improved health. Recently, food and biomedical scientists have focused more on marine resources to isolate bioactives since the marine ecosystem comprises unexploited resources with a wide range of organisms. Marine species produce a wide range of natural products, such as polysaccharides, peptides, polyunsaturated lipids, phenolic compounds, and pigments, with unique structures and diverse biological activities due to their extreme living environments. These active molecules reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve health by exhibiting antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities. This review summarizes the recent discoveries of bioactive compounds from marine invertebrates (sponges, cnidarians, echinoderms, molluscs, ascidians, and crustaceans), fishes, seaweeds, and marine microorganisms and their potential for functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals applications.
Aasen, J., MacKinnon, S.L., LeBlanc, P., Walter, J.A., Hovgaard, P., Aune, T., and Quilliam, M.A. (2005). Detection and identification of spirolides in Norwegian shellfish and plankton. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 18(3): 509–515.
Abdel-Lateff, A. (2008). Chaetominedione, a new tyrosine kinase inhibitor isolated from the algicolous marine fungus Chaetomium sp. Tetrahedron Lett. 49(45): 6398–6400.
Abdel-Lateff, A., Alarif, W.M., Alburae, N.A., and Algandaby, M.M. (2019). Alcyonium octocorals: Potential source of diverse bioactive terpenoids. Molecules 24(7): 1370.
Abdelaleem, E.R., Samy, M.N., Desoukey, S.Y., Liu, M., Quinn, R.J., and Abdelmohsen, U.R. (2020). Marine natural products from sponges (Porifera) of the order Dictyoceratida (2013 to 2019); a promising source for drug discovery. RSC Adv. 10(57): 34959–34976.
Admassu, H., Gasmalla, M.A.A., Yang, R., and Zhao, W. (2018). Identification of bioactive peptides with α-amylase inhibitory potential from enzymatic protein hydrolysates of red seaweed (Porphyra spp). J. Agric. Food Chem. 66(19): 4872–4882.
Adrien, A., Bonnet, A., Dufour, D., Baudouin, S., Maugard, T., and Bridiau, N. (2019). Anticoagulant activity of sulfated ulvan isolated from the green macroalga Ulva rigida. Mar. Drugs 17(5): 291.
Afifi, R., Abdel-Nabi, I.M., and El-Shaikh, K. (2016). Antibacterial activity from soft corals of the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia. J. Taibah Univ. Sci. 10(6): 887–895.
Afoullouss, S., Calabro, K., Genta-Jouve, G.G., Gegunde, S., Alfonso, A., Nesbitt, R., Marrow, C., Alonso, E., Botana, L.M., Allcock, A.L., and Thomas, O.P. (2019). Treasures from the deep: Characellides as anti-inflammatory lipoglycotripeptides from the sponge Characella pachastrelloides. Org. Lett. 21(1): 246–251.
Agregan, R., Munekata, P.E., Franco, D., Dominguez, R., Carballo, J., and Lorenzo, J.M. (2017). Phenolic compounds from three brown seaweed species using LC-DAD–ESI-MS/MS. Food Res. Int. 99: 979–985.
Aguilera-Morales, M., Casas-Valdez, M., Carrillo-Domınguez, S., González-Acosta, B., and Pérez-Gil, F. (2005). Chemical composition and microbiological assays of marine algae Enteromorpha spp. as a potential food source. J. Food Compos. Anal. 18(1): 79–88.
Ahmad, T.B., Liu, L., Kotiw, M., and Benkendorff, K. (2018). Review of anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory and wound healing properties of molluscs. J. Ethnopharmacol. 210: 156–178.
Ahmad, T.B., Rudd, D., Benkendorff, K., Mahdi, L.K., Pratt, K.A., Dooley, L., Wei, C., and Kotiw, M. (2017). Brominated indoles from a marine mollusc inhibit inflammation in a murine model of acute lung injury. PLoS One 12(10): e0186904.
Al-Dhabi, N.A., Ghilan, A.K.M., Esmail, G.A., Arasu, M.V., Duraipandiyan, V., and Ponmurugan, K. (2019). Bioactivity assessment of the Saudi Arabian Marine Streptomyces sp. Al-Dhabi-90, metabolic profiling and its in vitro inhibitory property against multidrug resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase clinical bacterial pathogens. J. Infect. Public Health. 12(4): 549–556.
Al-Shammari, A.M., Yaseen, N.Y., Al-Alwaji, S., Raad, K., and Dawood, S.S. (2012). Cytotoxic effect of crab shell extracts on different tumor cell lines. Al-Qadisiyah Med. J. 8(14): 151–162.
Ali, A., Wei, S., Liu, Z., Fan, X., Sun, Q., Xia, Q., Liu, S., Hao, J., and Deng, C. (2021). Non-thermal processing technologies for the recovery of bioactive compounds from marine by-products. LWT 147: 111549.
Ali, M.S., Jahangir, M., Saleem, M., Pervez, M.K., Hameed, S., and Ahmad, V.U. (2000). Metabolites of marine algae collected from Karachi-coasts of Arabian Sea. Nat. Prod. Sci. 6(2): 61–65.
Aliste, A.J., Vieira, F.F., and Del Mastro, N.L. (2000). Radiation effects on agar, alginates and carrageenan to be used as food additives. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 57(3-6): 305–308.
Alonso, E., Alvariño, R., Leirós, M., Tabudravu, J.N., Feussner, K., Dam, M.A., Rateb, M.E., Jaspars, M., and Botana, L.M. (2016). Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of the marine pyrroloiminoquinone makaluvamines. Mar. Drugs 14(11): 197.
Althunibat, O.Y., Ridzwan, B.H., Taher, M., Daud, J.M., Jauhari Arief Ichwan, S., and Qaralleh, H. (2013). Antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of two sea cucumbers, Holothuria edulis lesson and Stichopus horrens Selenka. Acta Biol. Hung. 64(1): 10–20.
Amano, H., Kakinuma, M., Coury, D.A., Ohno, H., and Hara, T. (2005). Effect of a seaweed mixture on serum lipid level and platelet aggregation in rats. Fish Sci. 71(5): 1160–1166.
Amarowicz, R., and Shahidi, F. (1997). Antioxidant activity of peptide fractions of capelin protein hydrolysates. Food Chem. 58(4): 355–359.
Amarowicz, R., Synowiecki, J., and Shahidi, F. (2012). Chemical composition of shells from red (Strongylocentrotus franciscanus) and green (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) sea urchin. Food Chem. 133(3): 822–826.
Ambati, R.R., Phang, S.M., Ravi, S., and Aswathanarayana, R.G. (2014). Astaxanthin: Sources, extraction, stability, biological activities and its commercial applications—A review. Mar. Drugs 12(1): 128–152.
Ambigaipalan, P., and Shahidi, F. (2017). Bioactive peptides from shrimp shell processing discards: Antioxidant and biological activities. J. Funct. Foods 34: 7–17.
Ameen, F., AlNadhari, S., and Al-Homaidan, A.A. (2021). Marine microorganisms as an untapped source of bioactive compounds. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 28(1): 224–231.
American Cancer Society. (2006). A biotechnological company dedicated to cancer treatment. World Health Organization (WHO) February cancer fact sheet. Factsheet 297: 2012.
Amidi, S., Hashemi, Z., Motallebi, A., Nazemi, M., Farrokhpayam, H., Seydi, E., and Pourahmad, J. (2017). Identification of (Z)-2, 3-diphenylacrylonitrile as anti-cancer molecule in Persian gulf sea cucumber Holothuria parva. Mar. Drugs 15(10): 314.
An, B., Yin, F., de Voogd, N.J., Chen, X., Cheng, W., and Lin, W. (2018). Chagosendines A–C, New Metal Complexes of Imidazole Alkaloids from the Calcareous Sponge Leucetta chagosensis. Chem. Biodivers. 15(2): e1700481.
An, F.L., Liu, W.H., Zhang, Y., Tao, J., and Lu, Y.H. (2019). Spirocurvulaide, a novel spirobicyclic polyketide from a marine fungus Curvularia sp. IFB-Z10. Phytochem. Lett. 29: 12–16.
Anand, M., Alagar, M., Ranjitha, J., and Selvaraj, V. (2019). Total synthesis and anticancer activity of a cyclic heptapeptide from marine sponge using water soluble peptide coupling agent EDC. Arab. J. Chem. 12(8): 2782–2787.
Anbuchezhian, R.M., Ravichandran, S., Rameshkumar, G., and Ajithkumar, T.T. (2009). Influence of crab haemolymph on clinical pathogens. Adv. Biol. Res. 3(3-4): 104–109.
Anbuchezian, R., Ravichandran, S., Rajan, D.K., Tilivi, S., and Devi, S.P. (2018). Identification and functional characterization of antimicrobial peptide from the marine crab Dromia dehaani. Microb. Pathog. 125: 60–65.
Andjelic, C.D., Planelles, V., and Barrows, L.R. (2008). Characterizing the anti-HIV activity of papuamide A. Mar. Drugs 6(4): 528–549.
Andriamanantoanina, H., and Rinaudo, M. (2010). Characterization of the alginates from five madagascan brown algae. Carbohydr. Polym. 82(3): 555–560.
Andrianasolo, E.H., Haramaty, L., McPhail, K.L., White, E., Vetriani, C., Falkowski, P., and Lutz, R. (2011). Bathymodiolamides A and B, ceramide derivatives from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent invertebrate mussel, Bathymodiolus thermophilus. J. Nat. Prod. 74(4): 842–846.
Ang, K.K.H., Holmes, M.J., Higa, T., Hamann, M.T., and Kara, U.A.K. (2000). In vivo antimalarial activity of the beta-carboline alkaloid manzamine A. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44(6): 1645–1649.
Appleton, D.R., Babcock, R.C., and Copp, B.R. (2001). Novel tryptophan-derived dipeptides and bioactive metabolites from the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela. Tetrahedron 57(51): 10181–10189.
Appleton, D.R., Sewell, M.A., Berridge, M.V., and Copp, B.R. (2002). A new biologically active malyngamide from a New Zealand collection of the sea hare Bursatella leachii. J. Nat. Prod. 65(4): 630–631.
Arai, M., Kamiya, K., Shin, D., Matsumoto, H., Hisa, T., Setiawan, A., Kotoku, N., and Kobayashi, M. (2016). N-Methylniphatyne A, a new 3-alkylpyridine alkaloid as an inhibitor of the cancer cells adapted to nutrient starvation, from an Indonesian marine sponge of Xestospongia sp. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 64(7): 766–771.
Ardekani-Zadeh, A.H., and Hosseini, S.F. (2019). Electrospun essential oil-doped chitosan/poly (ε-caprolactone) hybrid nanofibrous mats for antimicrobial food biopackaging exploits. Carbohydr. Polym. 223: 115108.
Arnone, M.I., Byrne, M., and Martinez, P. (2015). Echinodermata. Evolutionary developmental biology of invertebrates 6. Springer, pp. 1–58.
Aryee, A.N., Agyei, D., and Akanbi, T.O. (2018). Recovery and utilization of seaweed pigments in food processing. Curr. Opin. Food Sci. 19: 113–119.
Ashraf, S.A., Adnan, M., Patel, M., Siddiqui, A.J., Sachidanandan, M., Snoussi, M., and Hadi, S. (2020). Fish-based bioactives as potent nutraceuticals: Exploring the therapeutic perspective of sustainable food from the sea. Mar. Drugs 18(5): 265.
Astorga-Espana, M.S., Rodriguez, E.M.R., and Romero, C.D. (2007). Comparison of mineral and trace element concentrations in two mollusks from the Strait of Magellan (Chile). J. Food Compos. Anal. 20(3–4): 273–279.
Ata, A., Win, H.Y., Holt, D., Holloway, P., Segstro, E.P., and Jayatilake, G.S. (2004). New antibacterial diterpenes from Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Helv. Chim. Acta. 87(5): 1090–1098.
Atalay, P.B., Kuku, G., and Tuna, B.G. (2019). Effects of carbendazim and astaxanthin co-treatment on the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 55(2): 113–119.
Atanasov, A.G., Zotchev, S.B., Dirsch, V.M., and Supuran, C.T. (2021). Natural products in drug discovery: advances and opportunities. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 20(3): 200–216.
Àvila, C., Iken, K., Fontana, A., and Cimino, G. (2000). Chemical ecology of the Antarctic nudibranch Bathydoris hodgsoni Eliot, 1907: defensive role and origin of its natural products. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 252(1): 27–44.
Bae, S.Y., Liao, L., Park, S.H., Kim, W.K., Shin, J., and Lee, S.K. (2020). Antitumor activity of Asperphenin A, a lipopeptidyl benzophenone from marine-derived Aspergillus sp. fungus, by inhibiting tubulin polymerization in colon cancer cells. Mar. Drugs 18(2): 110.
Baharum, S.N., Beng, E.K., and Mokhtar, M.A.A. (2010). Marine microorganisms: potential application and challenges. J. Biol. Sci. 10: 555–564.
Bahrami, Y., and Franco, C.M.M. (2016). Acetylated triterpene glycosides and their biological activity from holothuroidea reported in the past six decades. Mar. Drugs 14(8): 147.
Balakrishnan, D., Kandasamy, D., and Nithyanand, P. (2014). A review on antioxidant activity of marine organisms. Int. J. ChemTech Res. 6(7): 3431–3436.
Balami, S., Sharma, A., and Karn, R. (2019). Significance of nutritional value of fish for human health. Malays. J. Halal Res. 2(2): 32–34.
Baldwin, J.E., and Whitehead, R.C. (1992). On the biosynthesis of manzamines. Tetrahedron Lett. 33(15): 2059–2062.
Barrow, C., and Shahidi, F. (2007). Marine nutraceuticals and functional foods. 1st ed. CRC press.
Barzideh, Z., Latiff, A.A., Gan, C.Y., Abedin, M., and Alias, A.K. (2014). ACE inhibitory and antioxidant activities of collagen hydrolysates from the ribbon jellyfish (Chrysaora sp. ). Food Technol. Biotechnol. 52(4): 495–504.
Benkendorff, K. (2010). Molluscan biological and chemical diversity: secondary metabolites and medicinal resources produced by marine molluscs. Biol. Rev. 85(4): 757–775.
Benkendorff, K., Rudd, D., Nongmaithem, B.D., Liu, L., Young, F., Edwards, V., Avila, C., and Abbott, C.A. (2015). Are the traditional medical uses of Muricidae molluscs substantiated by their pharmacological properties and bioactive compounds. Mar. Drugs 13(8): 5237–5275.
Berdyshev, D.V., Glazunov, V.P., and Novikov, V.L. (2007). 7-Ethyl-2, 3, 5, 6, 8-pentahydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (echinochrome A): A DFT study of the antioxidant mechanism. 1. Interaction of echinochrome A with hydroperoxyl radical. Russ. Chem. Bull. 56(3): 413–429.
Bergmann, W., and Feeney, R.J. (1951). J. Org. Chem. 16: 981–987.
Berteau, O., and Mulloy, B. (2003). Sulfated fucans, fresh perspectives: structures, functions, and biological properties of sulfated fucans and an overview of enzymes active toward this class of polysaccharide. Glycobiology 13(6): 29R–40R.
Bewley, C.A., and Faulkner, D.J. (1994). Theonegramide, an antifungal glycopeptide from the Philippine lithistid sponge Theonella swinhoei. J. Org. Chem. 59(17): 4849–4852.
Bhakuni, D.S., and Rawat, D.S. (2005). Bioactive Marine Natural Products. Springer.
Bhatnagar, I., and Kim, S.K. (2010). Immense essence of excellence: marine microbial bioactive compounds. Mar. Drugs 8(10): 2673–2701.
Bhattachan, P., and Dong, B. (2017). Origin and evolutionary implications of introns from analysis of cellulose synthase gene. J. Syst. Evol. 55(2): 142–148.
Bidleman, T.F., Andersson, A., Brugel, S., Ericson, L., Haglund, P., Kupryianchyk, D., Lau, D.C.P., Liljelind, P., Lundin, S., Tysklind, A., and Tysklind, M. (2019). Bromoanisoles and methoxylated bromodiphenyl ethers in macroalgae from Nordic coastal regions. Environ. Sci. Process Impacts. 21(5): 881–892.
Bishara, A., Rudi, A., Goldberg, I., Benayahu, Y., and Kashman, Y. (2006). Novaxenicins A–D and xeniolides I–K, seven new diterpenes from the soft coral Xenia novaebrittanniae. Tetrahedron 62(51): 12092–12097.
Bleakley, S., and Hayes, M. (2017). Algal proteins: extraction, application, and challenges concerning production. Foods 6(5): 33.
Blunt, J.W., Carroll, A.R., Copp, B.R., Davis, R.A., Keyzers, R.A., and Prinsep, M.R. (2018). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 35(1): 8–53.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Hu, W.P., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2009). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 26(2): 170–244.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Hu, W.P., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2008). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 25(1): 35–94.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Hu, W.P., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2007). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 24(1): 31–86.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Keyzers, R.A., Munro, M.H.G., and Prinsep, M.R. (2015). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 32(2): 116–211.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Keyzers, R.A., Munro, M.H., and Prinsep, M.R. (2016). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 33(3): 382–431.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Keyzers, R.A., Munro, M.H., and Prinsep, M.R. (2017). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 34(3): 235–294.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Keyzers, R.A., Munro, M.H., and Prinsep, M.R. (2014). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 31(2): 160–258.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Keyzers, R.A., Munro, M.H., and Prinsep, M.R. (2013). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 30(2): 237–323.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Keyzers, R.A., Munro, M.H., and Prinsep, M.R. (2012). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 29(2): 144–222.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2011). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 28(2): 196–268.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2005). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 22(1): 15–61.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2004). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 21(1): 1–49.
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Munro, M.H., Northcote, P.T., and Prinsep, M.R. (2003). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 20(1): 1–48.
Boarin-Alcalde, L., and Graciano-Fonseca, G. (2016). Alkali process for chitin extraction and chitosan production from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scales. Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res. 44(4): 683–688.
Bogdanov, A., Hertzer, C., Kehraus, S., Nietzer, S., Rohde, S., Schupp, P.J., Wägele, H., and König, G.M. (2017). Secondary metabolome and its defensive role in the aeolidoidean Phyllodesmium longicirrum, (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia, Nudibranchia). Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 13(1): 502–519.
Bordbar, S., Anwar, F., and Saari, N. (2011). High-value components and bioactives from sea cucumbers for functional foods - a review. Mar. Drugs 9(10): 1761–1805.
Borges, M.C., Santos, F.D.M.M.D., Telles, R.W., Andrade, M.V.M.D., Correia, M.I.T.D., and Lanna, C.C.D. (2017). Omega-3 fatty acids, inflammatory status and biochemical markers of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot study. Rev. Bras. Reumatol. 57: 526–534.
Borsig, L., Wang, L., Cavalcante, M.C.M., Cardilo-Reis, L., Ferreira, P.L., Mourąo, P.A.S., Esko, J.D., and Pavąo, M.S.G. (2007). Selectin blocking activity of a fucosylated chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan from sea cucumber: Effect on tumor metastasis and neutrophil recruitment. J. Biol. Chem. 282(20): 14984–14991.
Bosch, T.C.G., Klimovich, A., Domazet-Lošo, T., Gründer, S., Holstein, T.W., Jékely, G., Miller, D.J., Murillo-Rincon, A.P., Rentzsch, F., Richards, G.S., Schröder, K., Technau, U., and Yuste, R. (2017). Back to the Basics: Cnidarians Start to Fire. Trends Neurosci. 40(2): 92–105.
Bouaicha, N., Amade, P., Puel, D., and Roussakis, C. (1994). Zarzissine, a new cytotoxic guanidine alkaloid from the Mediterranean sponge Anchinoe paupertas. J. Nat. Prod. 57(10): 1455–1457.
Bowden, B.F., McCool, B.J., and Willis, R.H. (2004). Lihouidine, a novel spiro polycyclic aromatic alkaloid from the marine sponge Suberea n. sp. (Aplysinellidae, Verongida). J. Org. Chem. 69(23): 7791–7793.
Brömme, D., and Petanceska, S. (2002). Papain-like cysteine proteases and their implications in neurodegenerative diseases. Role of Proteases in the Pathophysiology of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Springer, Boston, MA, pp. 47–61.
Bruno, S.F., Ekorong, F.J.A.A., Karkal, S.S., Cathrine, M.S.B., and Kudre, T.G. (2019). Green and innovative techniques for recovery of valuable compounds from seafood by-products and discards: A review. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 85: 10–22.
Buchanan, M.S., Carroll, A.R., Addepalli, R., Avery, V.M., Hooper, J.N.A., and Quinn, R.J. (2007). Psammaplysenes C and D, cytotoxic alkaloids from Psammoclemma sp. J. Nat. Prod. 70(11): 1827–1829.
Buijs, Y., Bech, P.K., Vazquez-Albacete, D., Bentzon-Tilia, M., Sonnenschein, E.C., Gram, L., and Zhang, S.D. (2019). Marine Proteobacteria as a source of natural products: advances in molecular tools and strategies. Nat. Prod. Rep. 36(9): 1333–1350.
Burres, N.S., Sazesh, S., Gunawardana, G.P., and Clement, J.J. (1989). Antitumor activity and nucleic acid binding properties of dercitin, a new acridine alkaloid isolated from a marine Dercitus species sponge. Cancer Res. 49(19): 5267–5274.
Butler, M.S., Blaskovich, M.A., and Cooper, M.A. (2013). Antibiotics in the clinical pipeline in 2013. J. Antibiot. 66(10): 571–591.
Cabrita, M.T., Vale, C., and Rauter, A.P. (2010). Halogenated compounds from marine algae. Mar. Drugs 8(8): 2301–2317.
Calder, P.C. (2009). Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: new twists in an old tale. Biochimie 91(6): 791–795.
Campos, P.E., Herbette, G., Chendo, C., Clerc, P., Tintillier, F., de Voogd, N.J.D., Papanagnou, E.D., Trougakos, I.P., Jerabek, M., and Bignon, J. (2020). Osirisynes GI, New Long-Chain Highly Oxygenated Polyacetylenes from the Mayotte Marine Sponge Haliclona sp. Mar. Drugs 18(7): 350.
Campos, P.E., Pichon, E., Moriou, C., Clerc, P., Trepos, R., Frederich, M., De Voogd, N., Hellio, C., Gauvin-bialecki, A., and Al-Mourabit, A. (2019). New antimalarial and antimicrobial tryptamine derivatives from the marine sponge Fascaplysinopsis reticulata. Mar. Drugs 17(3): 167.
Caprioli, V., Cimino, G., De Giulio, A., Madaio, A., Scognamiglio, G., and Trivellone, E. (1992). Selected biological activities of saraines. Comp Biochem Physiol B 103(1): 293–296.
Carbone, M., Ciavatta, M.L., Mathieu, V.R., Ingels, A., Kiss, R., Pascale, P., Mollo, E., Ungur, N., Guo, Y.W., and Gavagnin, M. (2017). Marine terpenoid diacylguanidines: Structure, synthesis, and biological evaluation of naturally occurring actinofide and synthetic analogues. J. Nat. Prod. 80(5): 1339–1346.
Carbone, M., Ciavatta, M.L., Wang, J.R., Cirillo, I., Mathieu, V.R., Kiss, R., Mollo, E., Guo, Y.W., and Gavagnin, M. (2013). Extending the record of bis-γ-pyrone polypropionates from marine pulmonate mollusks. J. Nat. Prod. 76(11): 2065–2073.
Carbone, M., Irace, C., Costagliola, F., Castelluccio, F., Villani, G., Calado, G., Padula, V., Cimino, G., Lucas Cervera, J., Santamaria, R., and Gavagnin, M. (2010). A new cytotoxic tambjamine alkaloid from the Azorean nudibranch Tambja ceutae. Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. 20(8): 2668–2670.
Carroll, A.R., Copp, B.R., Davis, R.A., Keyzers, R.A., and Prinsep, M.R. (2019). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 36(1): 122–173.
Carroll, A.R., Copp, B.R., Davis, R.A., Keyzers, R.A., and Prinsep, M.R. (2022). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 39(6): 1122–1171.
Carroll, A.R., Copp, B.R., Davis, R.A., Keyzers, R.A., and Prinsep, M.R. (2021). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 38(2): 362–413.
Casapullo, A., Cutignano, A., Bruno, I., Bifulco, G., Debitus, C., Gomez-Paloma, L., and Riccio, R. (2001). Makaluvamine P, a new cytotoxic pyrroloiminoquinone from Zyzzya cf. fuliginosa. J. Nat. Prod. 64(10): 1354–1356.
Casertano, M., Menna, M., and Imperatore, C. (2020). The ascidian-derived metabolites with antimicrobial properties. Antibiotics 9(8): 510.
Castrogiovanni, P., Trovato, F.M., Loreto, C., Nsir, H., Szychlinska, M.A., and Musumeci, G. (2016). Nutraceutical supplements in the management and prevention of osteoarthritis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 17(12): 2042.
Catarino, M.D., Silva, A., Mateus, N., and Cardoso, S.M. (2019). Optimization of phlorotannins extraction from Fucus vesiculosus and evaluation of their potential to prevent metabolic disorders. Mar. Drugs 17(3): 162.
Cervera, M.F., Heinämäki, J., de la Paz, N., López, O., Maunu, S.L., Virtanen, T., Hatanpää, T., Antikainen, O., Nogueira, A., Fundora, J., and Yliruusi, J. (2011). Effects of spray drying on physicochemical properties of chitosan acid salts. AAPS Pharmscitech 12(2): 637–649.
Chakraborty, K., and Joy, M. (2019). Characterization and bioactive potentials of secondary metabolites from mollusks Crassostrea madrasensis and Amphioctopus marginatus. Nat. Prod. Res. 33(22): 3190–3202.
Chakraborty, K., and Joy, M. (2020). High-value compounds from the molluscs of marine and estuarine ecosystems as prospective functional food ingredients: An overview. Food Res. Int. 137: 109637.
Chakraborty, K., and Salas, S. (2019). Antioxidant drimane-type sesquiterpenoid from muricid gastropod Chicoreus ramosus attenuates pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase and carbolytic enzymes. J. Food Biochem. 43(11): e12991.
Chakraborty, K., Chakkalakal, S.J., and Joseph, D. (2014a). Response of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin contents in anti-inflammatory supplements from green mussel Perna viridis L. in a time-dependent accelerated shelf-life study. J. Funct. Foods 7: 527–540.
Chakraborty, K., Chakkalakal, S.J., Joseph, D., and Joy, M. (2016). Nutritional composition of edible oysters (Crassostrea madrasensis L. ) from the southwest coast of India. J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. 25(8): 1172–1189.
Chakraborty, K., Joseph, D., and Chakkalakal, S.J. (2014b). Toxicity profile of a nutraceutical formulation derived from green mussel Perna viridis. BioMed Res. Int. 2014: 471565.
Chakraborty, K., Joy, M., and Chakkalakal, S.J. (2019a). Antioxidant and antiinflammatory secondary metabolites from the Asian green mussel Perna viridis. J. Food Biochem. 43(3): e12736.
Chakraborty, K., Joy, M., and Salas, S. (2019b). First report of a lactonic disecosteroid from the buccinid gastropod Babylonia spirata. Steroids 143: 41–48.
Chakraborty, K., Krishnan, S., and Joy, M. (2019c). Macrocyclic lactones from seafood Amphioctopus neglectus: Newly described natural leads to attenuate angiotensin-Ⅱ induced cardiac hypertrophy. Biomed. Pharmacother. 110: 155–167.
Chakraborty, K., Krishnan, S., and Joy, M. (2021). Antioxidative oxygenated terpenoids with bioactivities against pro-inflammatory inducible enzymes from Indian squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvaucelii. Nat. Prod. Res. 35(6): 909–920.
Chakraborty, K., Salas, S., and Joy, M. (2020). An unreported bis-abeo cembrane-type diterpenoid with antioxidative and anti-lipoxygenase activities from the muricid gastropod mollusc Chicoreus ramosus. Nat. Prod. Res. 34(12): 1678–1686.
Chalamaiah, M., Hemalatha, R., and Jyothirmayi, T. (2012). Fish protein hydrolysates: proximate composition, amino acid composition, antioxidant activities and applications: a review. Food Chem. 135(4): 3020–3038.
Chand, S., and Karuso, P. (2017). Isolation and total synthesis of two novel metabolites from the fissurellid mollusc Scutus antipodes. Tetrahedron Lett. 58(10): 1020–1023.
Chang, A., Sun, S., Li, L., Dai, X., Li, H., He, Q., and Zhu, H. (2019). Tyrosol from marine Fungi, a novel Quorum sensing inhibitor against Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bioorg. Chem. 91: 103140.
Chang, E.J., and Cho, L. (2009). What can we expect from omega-3 fatty acids. A review. Clevel. Clin. J. Med. 76: 245–251.
Charan, R.D., McKee, T.C., and Boyd, M.R. (2004). Cytotoxic alkaloids from the marine sponge Thorectandra sp. Nat. Prod. Res. 18(3): 225–229.
Charlet, M., Chernysh, S., Philippe, H., Hetru, C., Hoffmann, J.A., and Bulet, P. (1996). Innate immunity: isolation of several cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides from the blood of a mollusc, Mytilus edulis. J. Biol. Chem. 271(36): 21808–21813.
Che, H., Du, L., Cong, P., Tao, S., Ding, N., Wu, F., Xue, C., Xu, J., and Wang, Y. (2017). Cerebrosides from sea cucumber protect against oxidative stress in SAMP8 mice and PC12 cells. J. Med. Food. 20(4): 392–402.
Chen, L.C., Lin, Y.Y., Jean, Y.H., Lu, Y., Chen, W.F., Yang, S.N., Wang, H.M., Jang, I.Y., Chen, I.M., Su, J.H., Sung, P.J., Sheu, J.H., and Wen, Z.H. (2014). Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the marine-derived compound comaparvin isolated from the crinoid Comanthus bennetti. Molecules 19(9): 14667–14686.
Chen, L., Hu, J.S., Xu, J.L., Shao, C.L., and Wang, G.Y. (2018). Biological and chemical diversity of ascidian-associated microorganisms. Mar. Drugs 16(10): 362.
Chen, W.H., Wang, S.K., and Duh, C.Y. (2011). Polyhydroxylated steroids from the octocoral Isis hippuris. Tetrahedron 67(42): 8116–8119.
Chen, Y.C., Tou, J.C., and Jaczynski, J. (2009). Amino acid and mineral composition of protein and other components and their recovery yields from whole Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) using isoelectric solubilization/precipitation. J. Food Sci. 74(2): H31–H39.
Cheng, K. (2021). Learning in Cnidaria: A systematic review. Learn. Behav. 49(2): 175–189.
Cheng, L., Wang, C., Liu, H., Wang, F., Zheng, L., Zhao, J., Chu, E., and Lin, X. (2012). A novel polypeptide extracted from Ciona savignyi induces apoptosis through a mitochondrial-mediated pathway in human colorectal carcinoma cells. Clin. Colorectal Cancer 11(3): 207–214.
Cheng, M.M., Tang, X.L., Sun, Y.T., Song, D.Y., Cheng, Y.J., Liu, H., Li, P.L., and Li, G.Q. (2020). Biological and chemical diversity of marine sponge-derived microorganisms over the last two decades from 1998 to 2017. Molecules 25(4): 853.
Cheng, S.Y., Wen, Z.H., Wang, S.K., Chiang, M.Y., El-Gamal, A.A., Dai, C.F., and Duh, C.Y. (2009). Revision of the absolute configuration at C (23) of lanostanoids and isolation of secondary metabolites from Formosan soft coral Nephthea erecta. Chem. Biodivers. 6(1): 86–95.
Cheung, R.C.F., Ng, T.B., and Wong, J.H. (2015). Marine peptides: Bioactivities and applications. Mar. Drugs 13(7): 4006–4043.
Chevallier, C., Richardson, A.D., Edler, M.C., Hamel, E., Harper, M.K., and Ireland, C.M. (2003). A new cytotoxic and tubulin-interactive milnamide derivative from a marine sponge Cymbastela sp. Org. Lett. 5(20): 3737–3739.
Chiesa, G., Busnelli, M., Manzini, S., and Parolini, C. (2016). Nutraceuticals and bioactive components from fish for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk reduction. Mar. Drugs 14(6): 113.
Chintong, S., Phatvej, W., Rerk-Am, U., Waiprib, Y., and Klaypradit, W. (2019). In vitro antioxidant, antityrosinase, and cytotoxic activities of astaxanthin from shrimp waste. Antioxidants 8(5): 128.
Cho, M., Lee, H.S., Kang, I.J., Won, M.H., and You, S. (2011). Antioxidant properties of extract and fractions from Enteromorpha prolifera, a type of green seaweed. Food Chem. 127(3): 999–1006.
Cho, Y.J., Park, J.P., Hwang, H.J., Kim, S.W., Choi, J.W., and Yun, J.W. (2002). Production of red pigment by submerged culture of Paecilomyces sinclairii. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 35(3): 195–202.
Choi, Y.K., Ye, B.R., Kim, J., Kim, M.S., Lee, W.W., Ahn, G.N., Kang, N., Jung, W.K., and Heo, S.J. (2018). Bis (3-bromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether, a novel bromophenol from the marine red alga Polysiphonia morrowii that suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting ROS-mediated ERK signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biomed. Pharmacother. 103: 1170–1177.
Chojnacka, K., Saeid, A., Witkowska, Z., and Tuhy, L. (2012). Biologically active compounds in seaweed extracts-the prospects for the application. Open Conf. Proc. J. 3(1): 20–28.
Choudhary, B., Chauhan, O.P., and Mishra, A. (2021). Edible seaweeds: A potential novel source of bioactive metabolites and nutraceuticals with human health benefits. Front. Mar. Sci. 8: 740054.
Chovolou, Y., Ebada, S.S., Wätjen, W., and Proksch, P. (2011). Identification of angular naphthopyrones from the Philippine echinoderm Comanthus species as inhibitors of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 657(1-3): 26–34.
Chu, M.J., Tang, X.L., Qin, G.F., Sun, Y.T., Li, L., de Voogd, N.J., Li, P.L., and Li, G.Q. (2017). Pyrrole derivatives and diterpene alkaloids from the South China Sea sponge Agelas nakamurai. Chem. Biodivers. 14(7): e1600446.
Chuyen, H.V., and Eun, J.B. (2017). Marine carotenoids: Bioactivities and potential benefits to human health. Crit. Rev. food Sci. Nutr. 57(12): 2600–2610.
Ciavatta, M.L., García-Matucheski, S., Carbone, M., Villani, G., Nicotera, M.R., Muniain, C., and Gavagnin, M. (2017). Chemistry of two distinct aeolid Spurilla species: Ecological implications. Chem. Biodivers. 14(9): e1700125.
Ciavatta, M.L., Lopez Gresa, M.P., Gavagnin, M., Manzo, E., Mollo, E., D'Souza, L., and Cimino, G. (2006). New caulerpenyne-derived metabolites of an Elysia sacoglossan from the south Indian coast. Molecules 11(10): 808–816.
Ciavatta, M.L., Manzo, E., Mollo, E., Mattia, C.A., Tedesco, C., Irace, C., Guo, Y.W., Li, X.B., Cimino, G., and Gavagnin, M. (2011). Tritoniopsins A–D, cladiellane-based diterpenes from the South China Sea nudibranch Tritoniopsis elegans and its prey Cladiella krempfi. J. Nat. Prod. 74(9): 1902–1907.
Ciavatta, M.L., Manzo, E., Nuzzo, G., Villani, G., Cimino, G., Cervera, J.L., Malaquias, M.A.E., and Gavagnin, M. (2009). Aplysiopsenes: an additional example of marine polyketides with a mixed acetate/propionate pathway. Tetrahedron Lett. 50(5): 527–529.
Cikoš, A.M., Jokić, S., Šubarić, D., and Jerković, I. (2018). Overview on the application of modern methods for the extraction of bioactive compounds from marine macroalgae. Mar. Drugs 16(10): 348.
Ciminiello, P., Dell'Aversano, C., Fattorusso, E., Forino, M., Magno, S., Di Meglio, P., Lanaro, A., and Poletti, R. (2004). A new cytotoxic polychlorinated sulfolipid from contaminated Adriatic mussels. Tetrahedron 60(33): 7093–7098.
Ciminiello, P., Dell'Aversano, C., Fattorusso, E., Forino, M., Magno, S., Di Rosa, M., Lanaro, A., and Poletti, R. (2002). Structure and stereochemistry of a new cytotoxic polychlorinated sulfolipid from Adriatic shellfish. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124(44): 13114–13120.
Ciminiello, P., Dell'Aversano, C., Fattorusso, E., Forino, M., Magno, S., Ianaro, A., and Di Rosa, M. (2001). Oxazinin-1, -2 and -3 − A Novel Toxic Compound and Its Analogues from the Digestive Glands of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2001(1): 49–53.
Cirne-Santos, C.C., Barros, C.D.S., Gomes, M.W., Gomes, R., Cavalcanti, D.N., Obando, J.M.C., Ramos, C.J.B., Villaça, R.C., Teixeira, V.L., and Paixão, I.C.D.P. (2019). In vitro antiviral activity against zika virus from a natural product of the Brazilian brown seaweed Dictyota menstrualis. Nat. Prod. Commun. 14(7): 1934578X19859128.
Clark, D.P., Carroll, J., Naylor, S., and Crews, P. (1998). An antifungal cyclodepsipeptide, cyclolithistide A, from the sponge Theonella swinhoei. J. Org. Chem. 63(24): 8757–8764.
Clemente, S., Hernández, J.C., Montaño-Moctezuma, G., Russell, M.P., and Ebert, T.A. (2013). Predators of juvenile sea urchins and the effect of habitat refuges. Mar. Biol. 160(3): 579–590.
Coello, L., Martín, M.J., and Reyes, F. (2009). 1, 5-diazacyclohenicosane, a new cytotoxic metabolite from the marine sponge Mycale sp. Mar. Drugs 7(3): 445–450.
Coleman, J.E., Van Soest, R., and Andersen, R.J. (1999). New geodiamolides from the sponge Cymbastela sp. collected in Papua New Guinea. J. Nat. Prod. 62(8): 1137–1141.
Colon, M., Guevara, P., Gerwick, W.H., and Ballantine, D. (1987). 5′-Hydroxyisoavrainvilleol, a new diphenylmethane derivative from the tropical green alga Avrainvillea nigricans. J. Nat. Prod. 50(3): 368–374.
Comin, M.A.J., Maier, M.S., Roccatagliata, A.J., Pujol, C.A., and Damonte, E.B. (1999). Evaluation of the antiviral activity of natural sulfated polyhydroxysteroids and their synthetic derivatives and analogs. Steroids 64(5): 335–340.
Cornish, M.L., and Garbary, D.J. (2010). Antioxidants from macroalgae: potential applications in human health and nutrition. Algae. 25(4): 155–171.
Costa-Lotufo, L.V., Wilke, D.V., Jimenez, P.C., and Epifanio, R.D.A. (2009). Marine organisms as a source of new pharmaceuticals: history and perspectives. Quim. Nova. 32: 703–716.
Costa, L.S., Fidelis, G.P., Telles, C.B.S., Dantas-Santos, N., Camara, R.B.G., Cordeiro, S.L., Costa, M., Almeida-Lima, J., Melo-Silveira, R.F., Oliveira, R.M., Albuquerque, I., Andrade, G., and Rocha, H.A.O. (2011). Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of heterofucans from the seaweed Sargassum filipendula. Mar. Drugs 9(6): 952–966.
Cotas, J., Leandro, A., Monteiro, P., Pacheco, D., Figueirinha, A., Gonçalves, A.M., da Silva, G.J., and Pereira, L. (2020). Seaweed phenolics: From extraction to applications. Mar. Drugs 18(8): 384.
Cruz-Monserrate, Z., Vervoort, H.C., Bai, R., Newman, D.J., Howell, S.B., Los, G., Mullaney, J.T., Williams, M.D., Pettit, G.R., Fenical, W., and Hamel, E. (2003). Diazonamide A and a synthetic structural analog: disruptive effects on mitosis and cellular microtubules and analysis of their interactions with tubulin. Mol. Pharmacol. 63(6): 1273–1280.
Cueto, M., D'Croz, L., Maté, J.L., San-Martín, A., and Darias, J. (2005). Elysiapyrones from Elysia d iomedea. Do Such Metabolites Evidence an Enzymatically Assisted Electrocyclization Cascade for the Biosynthesis of Their Bicyclo [4.2. 0] octane. Core Org. Lett. 7(3): 415–418.
Cutignano, A., Blihoghe, D., Fontana, A., Villani, G., d'Ippolito, G., and Cimino, G. (2007). Fusaripyrones, novel polypropionates from the Mediterranean mollusc Haminoea fusari. Tetrahedron. 63(52): 12935–12939.
Cutignano, A., Calado, G., Gaspar, H., Cimino, G., and Fontana, A. (2011). Polypropionates from Bulla occidentalis: Chemical markers and trophic relationships in cephalaspidean molluscs. Tetrahedron Lett. 52(36): 4595–4597.
Cutignano, A., Fontana, A., Renzulli, L., and Cimino, G. (2003). Placidenes C-F, novel alphapyrone propionates from the Mediterranean sacoglossan Placida dendritica. J. Nat. Prod. 66(10): 1399–1401.
Cutignano, A., Moles, J., Avila, C., and Fontana, A. (2015). Granuloside, a unique linear homosesterterpene from the Antarctic nudibranch Charcotia granulosa. J. Nat. Prod. 78(7): 1761–1764.
D'Auria, M.V., Minale, L., and Riccio, R. (1993). Polyoxygenated steroids of marine origin. Chem. Rev. 93(5): 1839–1895.
D'Auria, M.V., Riccio, R., and Minale, L. (1985). Ophioxanthin, a new marine carototenoid sulphate from the ophiuroid ophioderma longicaudum. Tetrahedron lett. 26(15): 1871–1872.
Dahihande, A.S., and Thakur, N.L. (2021). Differences in the structural components influence the pumping capacity of marine sponges. Front. Mar. Sci. 8: 671362.
Dahlgren, E., Enhus, C., Lindqvist, D., Eklund, B., and Asplund, L. (2015). Induced production of brominated aromatic compounds in the alga Ceramium tenuicorne. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 22(22): 18107–18114.
Daletos, G., Kalscheuer, R., Koliwer-Brandl, H., Hartmann, R., De Voogd, N.J., Wray, V., Lin, W., and Proksch, P. (2015). Callyaerins from the marine sponge Callyspongia aerizusa: Cyclic peptides with antitubercular activity. J. Nat. Prod. 78(8): 1910–1925.
Daoust, J., Fontana, A., Merchant, C.E., de Voogd, N.J., Patrick, B.O., Kieffer, T.J., and Andersen, R.J. (2010). Ansellone A, a sesterterpenoid isolated from the nudibranch Cadlina luteromarginata and the sponge Phorbas sp., activates the cAMP signaling pathway. Organic Lett. 12(14): 3208–3211.
Das, S., Paul, B.N., Sengupta, J., and Datta, A.K. (2009). Beneficial effects of fish oil to human health: a review. Agric. Rev. 30(3): 199–205.
de Carvalho, C.C.C.R., and Caramujo, M.J. (2017). Carotenoids in aquatic ecosystems and aquaculture: a colorful business with implications for human health. Front. Mar. Sci. 4: 93.
de Carvalho, C.C.C.R., and Fernandes, P. (2010). Production of metabolites as bacterial responses to the marine environment. Mar. Drugs 8(3): 705–727.
de Carvalho, M.M., de Freitas, R.A., Ducatti, D.R., Ferreira, L.G., Gonçalves, A.G., Colodi, F.G., Mazepa, E., Aranha, E.M., Noseda, M.D., and Duarte, M.E.R. (2018). Modification of ulvans via periodate-chlorite oxidation: Chemical characterization and anticoagulant activity. Carbohydr. Polym. 197: 631–640.
de Oliveira, J.H.H.L., Grube, A., Köck, M., Berlinck, R.G.S., Macedo, M.L., Ferreira, A.G., and Hajdu, E. (2004). Ingenamine G and Cyclostellettamines G-I, K, and L from the New Brazilian Species of Marine Sponge Pachychalina sp. J. Nat. Prod. 67(10): 1685–1689.
de Oliveira, J.H.H.L., Nascimento, A.M., Kossuga, M.H., Cavalcanti, B.C., Pessoa, C.O., Moraes, M.O., Macedo, M.L., Ferreira, A.G., Hajdu, E., and Pinheiro, U.S. (2007). Cytotoxic alkylpiperidine alkaloids from the Brazilian marine sponge Pachychalina alcaloidifera. J. Nat. Prod. 70(4): 538–543.
de Silva, E.D., and Scheuer, P.J. (1980). Manoalide, an antibiotic sesterterpenoid from the marine sponge Luffariella variabilis (Polejaeff). Tetrahedron Lett. 21(17): 1611–1614.
de Silva, E.D., Williams, D.E., Andersen, R.J., Klix, H., Holmes, C.F.B., and Allen, T.M. (1992). Motuporin, a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor isolated from the Papua New Guinea sponge Theonella swinhoei Gray. Tetrahedron Lett. 33(12): 1561–1564.
de Zoysa, M. (2012). Medicinal benefits of marine invertebrates: sources for discovering natural drug candidates. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 65: 153–169.
Delsuc, F., Brinkmann, H., Chourrout, D., and Philippe, H. (2006). Tunicates and not cephalochordates are the closest living relatives of vertebrates. Nature 439(7079): 965–968.
Demeyer, M., De Winter, J., Caulier, G., Eeckhaut, I., Flammang, P., and Gerbaux, P. (2014). Molecular diversity and body distribution of saponins in the sea star Asterias rubens by mass spectrometry. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. 168: 1–11.
Desoubzdanne, D., Marcourt, L., Raux, R., Chevalley, S., Dorin, D., Doerig, C., Valentin, A., Ausseil, F., and Debitus, C. (2008). Alisiaquinones and alisiaquinol, dual inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum enzyme targets from a New Caledonian deep water sponge. J. Nat. Prod. 71(7): 1189–1192.
Devillé, C., Damas, J., Forget, P., Dandrifosse, G., and Peulen, O. (2004). Laminarin in the dietary fibre concept. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84(9): 1030–1038.
Dhakal, D., Pokhrel, A.R., Shrestha, B., and Sohng, J.K. (2017). Marine rare actinobacteria: isolation, characterization, and strategies for harnessing bioactive compounds. Front. Microbiol. 8: 1106.
Dias, T., Brito, I., Moujir, L., Paiz, N., Darias, J., and Cueto, M. (2005). Cytotoxic Sesquiterpenes from Aplysia d actylomela. J. Nat. Prod. 68(11): 1677–1679.
Diniz, G.S., Barbarino, E., Oiano-Neto, J., Pacheco, S., and Lourenço, S.O. (2014). Proximate composition of marine invertebrates from tropical coastal waters, with emphasis on the relationship between nitrogen and protein contents. Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res. 42(2): 332–352.
Diyabalanage, T., Iken, K.B., McClintock, J.B., Amsler, C.D., and Baker, B.J. (2010). Palmadorins A− C, diterpene glycerides from the Antarctic nudibranch Austrodoris kerguelenensis. J. Nat. Prod. 73(3): 416–421.
Diaz-Marrero, A.R., Dorta, E., Cueto, M., Rovirosa, J., San-Martın, A., Loyola, A., and Darias, J. (2003). Labdane diterpenes with a new oxidation pattern from the marine pulmonate Trimusculus peruvianus. Tetrahedron. 59(26): 4805–4809.
Djellouli, M., López-Caballero, M.E., Arancibia, M.Y., Karam, N., and Martínez-Alvarez, O. (2020). Antioxidant and antimicrobial enhancement by reaction of protein hydrolysates derived from shrimp by-products with glucosamine. Waste Biomass Valorization 11(6): 2491–2505.
Dong, G., Xu, T., Yang, B., Lin, X., Zhou, X., Yang, X., and Liu, Y. (2011). Chemical constituents and bioactivities of starfish. Chem. Biodiverse. 8(5): 740–791.
Dong, H., Dong, S., Erik Hansen, P., Stagos, D., Lin, X., and Liu, M. (2020). Progress of bromophenols in marine algae from 2011 to 2020: Structure, bioactivities, and applications. Mar. Drugs 18(8): 411.
Dou, X., Li, X., Yu, H., and Dong, B. (2018). Dual roles of ascidian chondromodulin-1: promoting cell proliferation whilst suppressing the growth of tumor cells. Mar. Drugs 16(2): 59.
Du Preez, H. (2007). Squalene–antioxidant of the future. Medicine 33: 106–112.
Du, L., Xu, J., Xue, Y., Takahashi, K., Xue, C.H., Wang, J.F., and Wang, Y.M. (2015). Cerebrosides from sea cucumber ameliorates cancer-associated cachexia in mice by attenuating adipose atrophy. J. Funct. Foods 17: 352–363.
Duan, B., Huang, Y., Lu, A., and Zhang, L. (2018). Recent advances in chitin based materials constructed via physical methods. Prog. Polym. Sci. 82: 1–33.
Duan, J., Ishida, M., Aida, K., Tsuduki, T., Zhang, J., Manabe, Y., Hirata, T., and Sugawara, T. (2016). Dietary cerebroside from sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus): absorption and effects on skin barrier and cecal short-chain fatty acids. J. Agric. Food Chem. 64(37): 7014–7021.
Duh, C.Y., El-Gamal, A.A.H., Wang, S.K., and Dai, C.F. (2002). Novel terpenoids from the Formosan soft coral Cespitularia hypotentaculata. J. Nat. Prod. 65(10): 1429–1433.
Dung, D.T., Hang, D.T.T., Yen, P.H., Quang, T.H., Nhiem, N.X., Tai, B.H., Minh, C.V., Kim, Y.C., Kim, D.C., and Oh, H. (2019). Macrocyclic bis-quinolizidine alkaloids from Xestospongia muta. Nat. Prod. Res. 33(3): 400–406.
Durand, R., Pellerin, G., Thibodeau, J., Fraboulet, E., Marette, A., and Bazinet, L. (2020). Screening for metabolic syndrome application of a herring by-product hydrolysate after its separation by electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane and identification of novel anti-inflammatory peptides. Sep. Purif. Technol. 235: 116205.
Dutot, M., Fagon, R., Hemon, M., and Rat, P. (2012). Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-senescence activities of a phlorotannin-rich natural extract from brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 167(8): 2234–2240.
Dyson, L., Wright, A.D., Young, K.A., Sakoff, J.A., and McCluskey, A. (2014). Synthesis and anticancer activity of focused compound libraries from the natural product lead, oroidin. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 22(5): 1690–1699.
Edler, M.C., Fernandez, A.M., Lassota, P., Ireland, C.M., and Barrows, L.R. (2002). Inhibition of tubulin polymerization by vitilevuamide, a bicyclic marine peptide, at a site distinct from colchicine, the vinca alkaloids, and dolastatin 10. Biochem. Pharmacol. 63(4): 707–715.
Eggersdorfer, M., and Wyss, A. (2018). Carotenoids in human nutrition and health. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 652: 18–26.
Eisenhauer, N., Bonn, A., and Guerra, C.A. (2019). Recognizing the quiet extinction of invertebrates. Nat. Commun. 10(1): 1–3.
El-Demerdash, A., Moriou, C.L., Martin, M.T.R.S., Rodrigues-Stien, A.D.S., Petek, S., Demoy-Schneider, M., Hall, K., Hooper, J.N.A., Debitus, C., and Al-Mourabit, A. (2016). Cytotoxic guanidine alkaloids from a French Polynesian Monanchora n. sp. sponge. J. Nat. Prod. 79(8): 1929–1937.
El-Demerdash, A., Moriou, C., Martin, M.T., Petek, S., Debitus, C., and Al-Mourabit, A. (2018). Unguiculins AC: Cytotoxic bis-guanidine alkaloids from the French Polynesian sponge, Monanchora n. sp. N. Prod. Res. 32(13): 1512–1517.
El-Gamal, A.A.H., Chiang, C.Y., Huang, S.H., Wang, S.K., and Duh, C.Y. (2005). Xenia Diterpenoids from the Formosan Soft Coral Xenia b lumi. J. Nat. Prod. 68(9): 1336–1340.
El-Hawary, S.S., Sayed, A.M., Mohammed, R., Hassan, H.M., Rateb, M.E., Amin, E., Mohammed, T.A., El-Mesery, M., Bin Muhsinah, A., and Alsayari, A. (2019). Bioactive brominated oxindole alkaloids from the Red Sea sponge Callyspongia siphonella. Mar. Drugs 17(8): 465.
Elieh-Ali-Komi, D., and Hamblin, M.R. (2016). Chitin and chitosan: production and application of versatile biomedical nanomaterials. Int. J. Adv. Res. 4(3): 411.
Elissawy, A.M., Soleiman Dehkordi, E., Mehdinezhad, N., Ashour, M.L., and Mohammadi Pour, P. (2021). Cytotoxic alkaloids derived from marine sponges: A comprehensive review. Biomolecules 11(2): 258.
Elkhodary, G., Beltagy, D.M., Samak, N.M., Abdul-Aziz, K.K., and Mona, M.H. (2017). Assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of carotenoid extracted from Erugosquilla massavensis and Procambarus clarkii exoskeletons. International J. Cancer Biomedical Res. 1(1): 11–20.
Endo, T., Tsuda, M., Fromont, J., and Kobayashi, J.I. (2007). Hyrtinadine A, a bis-indole alkaloid from a marine sponge. J. Nat. Prod. 70(3): 423–424.
Esmat, A.Y., Said, M.M., Soliman, A.A., El-Masry, K.S.H., and Badiea, E.A. (2013). Bioactive compounds, antioxidant potential, and hepatoprotective activity of sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) against thioacetamide intoxication in rats. Nutr. 29(1): 258–267.
Estrada, D.M., Martin, J.D., and Perez, C. (1987). A new brominated monoterpenoid quinol from Cymopolm barbata. J. Nat. Prod. 50: 735–737.
Fahmy, S.R. (2015). Anti-fibrotic effect of Holothuria arenicola extract against bile duct ligation in rats. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 15(1): 1–12.
Fakhri, S., Abbaszadeh, F., Dargahi, L., and Jorjani, M. (2018). Astaxanthin: A mechanistic review on its biological activities and health benefits. Pharmacol. Res. 136: 1–20.
Fang, W., Lin, X., Zhou, X., Wan, J., Lu, X., Yang, B., Ai, W., Lin, J., Zhang, T., Tu, Z., and Liu, Y. (2014). Cytotoxic and antiviral nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoids from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus ochraceus Jcma1F17. MedChemComm. 5(6): 701–705.
FAO. (2014). State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Rome. p. 223.
Farvin, K.S., and Jacobsen, C. (2013). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of selected species of seaweeds from Danish coast. Food Chem. 138(2-3): 1670–1681.
Faulkner, D.J. (2000a). Marine natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 17(1): 7–55.
Faulkner, D.J. (2000b). Marine pharmacology. Antonie van leeuwenhoek 77(2): 135–145.
Fedorov, S.N., Shubina, L.K., Kicha, A.A., Ivanchina, N.V., Kwak, J.Y., Jin, J.O., Bode, A.M., Dong, Z., and Stonik, V.A. (2008). Proapoptotic and anticarcinogenic activities of leviusculoside G from the starfish Henricia leviuscula and probable molecular mechanism. Nat. Prod. Commun. 3(10): 1934578X0800301003.
Felix, M., Romero, A., Rustad, T., and Guerrero, A. (2017). Physicochemical, microstructure and bioactive characterization of gels made from crayfish protein. Food Hydrocoll. 63: 429–436.
Feng, Y., Carroll, A.R., Addepalli, R., Fechner, G.A., Avery, V.M., and Quinn, R.J. (2007). Vanillic acid derivatives from the green algae Cladophora socialis as potent protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors. J. Nat. Prod. 70(11): 1790–1792.
Feng, Y., Khokhar, S., and Davis, R.A. (2017). Crinoids: ancient organisms, modern chemistry. Nat. Prod. Rep. 34(6): 571–584.
Fernando, I.P.S., Kim, K.N., Kim, D., and Jeon, Y.J. (2019). Algal polysaccharides: Potential bioactive substances for cosmeceutical applications. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 39(1): 99–113.
Fernando, I.P.S., Ryu, B., Ahn, G., Yeo, I.K., and Jeon, Y.J. (2020). Therapeutic potential of algal natural products against metabolic syndrome: A review of recent developments. Trends in Food Sci. Technol. 97: 286–299.
Ferreira, L.G., Noseda, M.D., Gonçalves, A.G., Ducatti, D.R.B., Fujii, M.T., and Duarte, M.E.R. (2012). Chemical structure of the complex pyruvylated and sulfated agaran from the red seaweed Palisada flagellifera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Carbohydr. Res. 347(1): 83–94.
Ferruzzi, M.G., and Blakeslee, J. (2007). Digestion, absorption, and cancer preventative activity of dietary chlorophyll derivatives. Nutr. Res. 27(1): 1–12.
Finlayson, R., Pearce, A.N., Page, M.J., Kaiser, M., Bourguet-Kondracki, M.L., Harper, J.L., Webb, V.L., and Copp, B.R. (2011). Didemnidines A and B, indole spermidine alkaloids from the New Zealand ascidian Didemnum sp. J. Nat. Prod. 74(4): 888–892.
Fontana, A., Ciavatta, M.L., and Cimino, G. (1998). Cladocoran A and B: Two novel- hydroxybutenolide sesterterpenes from the Mediterranean coral cladocora cespitosa, J. Org. Chem. 63: 2845–2849.
Fresneda, P.M., Delgado, S., Francesch, A., Manzanares, I., Cuevas, C., and Molina, P. (2006). Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of new derivatives of the marine alkaloid Variolin B. J. Med. Chem. 49(3): 1217–1221.
Frestedt, J.L., Kuskowski, M.A., and Zenk, J.L. (2009). A natural seaweed derived mineral supplement (Aquamin F) for knee osteoarthritis: a randomised, placebo controlled pilot study. Nutr. J. 8(1): 1–8.
Frota, M.J., Silva, R.B., Mothes, B., Henriques, A.T., and Moreira, J.C. (2012). Current status on natural products with antitumor activity from Brazilian marine sponges. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 13: 235–244.
Fu, X., Hong, E.P., and Schmitz, F.J. (2000). New polypropionate pyrones from the Philippine sacoglossan mollusc Placobranchus ocellatus. Tetrahedron. 56(46): 8989–8993.
Fu, X., Palomar, A.J., Hong, E.P., Schmitz, F.J., and Valeriote, F.A. (2004). Cytotoxic Lissoclimide-Type Diterpenes from the Molluscs Pleurobranchus a lbiguttatus and Pleurobranchus f orskalii. J. Nat. Prod. 67(8): 1415–1418.
Fuchs, H.L., Chant, R.J., Hunter, E.J., Curchitser, E.N., Gerbi, G.P., and Chen, E.Y. (2020). Wrong-way migrations of benthic species driven by ocean warming and larval transport. Nat. Clim. Change 10(11): 1052–1056.
Fujiwara, N., and Kobayashi, K. (2005). Macrophages in inflammation. Curr. Drug Targets Inflamm. Allergy. 4(3): 281–286.
Galasso, C., Orefice, I., Pellone, P., Cirino, P., Miele, R., Ianora, A., Brunet, C., and Sansone, C. (2018). On the neuroprotective role of astaxanthin: new perspectives. Mar. Drugs 16(8): 247.
Galaviz-Silva, L., Iracheta-Villarreal, J.M., and Molina-Garza, Z.J. (2018). Bacillus and Virgibacillus strains isolated from three Mexican coasts antagonize Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 365(19): fny202.
Gamble, W.R., Durso, N.A., Fuller, R.W., Westergaard, C.K., Johnson, T.R., Sackett, D.L., Hamel, E., Cardelina II, J.H., and Boyd, M.R. (1999). Cytotoxic and tubulin-interactive hemiasterlins from Auletta sp. and Siphonochalina spp. sponges. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 7(8): 1611–1615.
Gan, M., Liu, B., Tan, Y., Wang, Q., Zhou, H., He, H., Ping, Y., Yang, Z., Wang, Y., and Xiao, C. (2015). Saccharothrixones A–D, tetracenomycin-type polyketides from the marine-derived actinomycete Saccharothrix sp. 10-10. J. Nat. Prod. 78(9): 2260–2265.
Ganesan, A.R., Tiwari, U., and Rajauria, G. (2019). Seaweed nutraceuticals and their therapeutic role in disease prevention. Food Sci. Hum. Wellness. 8(3): 252–263.
Gao, C.H., Wang, Y.F., Li, S., Qian, P.Y., and Qi, S.H. (2011). Alkaloids and sesquiterpenes from the South China Sea gorgonian Echinogorgia pseudossapo. Mar. Drugs 9(11): 2479–2487.
Gao, C., Guo, Z., Lu, X., Chen, H., Liu, L., Yu, Z., and Chen, Y. (2018). Hexaricins, pradimicin-like polyketides from a marine sediment-derived Streptosporangium sp. and their antioxidant effects. J. Nat. Prod. 81(9): 2069–2074.
Gao, X., Yan, P., Zhu, Y., Jiang, L., Geng, X., and Gou, X. (2014). Bioconversion and deodorization of shrimp processing waste by Xerocomus badius and inhibitory activity of converted product on angiotensin I-converting enzyme. Biotechnol. 13(6): 263–272.
García-Arredondo, A., Rojas-Molina, A., Ibarra-Alvarado, C., Lazcano-Pérez, F., Arreguín-Espinosa, R., and Sánchez-Rodríguez, J. (2016). Composition and biological activities of the aqueous extracts of three scleractinian corals from the Mexican Caribbean: Pseudodiploria strigosa, Porites astreoides and Siderastrea siderea. J. Venom. Ani. Toxins Incl. Trop. Dis. 22: 32.
Gaspar, H., Gavagnin, M., Calado, G., Castelluccio, F., Mollo, E., and Cimino, G. (2005). Pelseneeriol-1 and-2: new furanosesquiterpene alcohols from porostome nudibranch Doriopsilla pelseneeri. Tetrahedron. 61(46): 11032–11037.
Gavagnin, M., Carbone, M., Mollo, E., and Cimino, G. (2003). Austrodoral and austrodoric acid: nor-sesquiterpenes with a new carbon skeleton from the Antarctic nudibranch Austrodoris kerguelenensis. Tetrahedron Lett. 44(7): 1495–1498.
Gavagnin, M., Carbone, M., Nappo, M., Mollo, E., Roussis, V., and Cimino, G. (2005). First chemical study of anaspidean Syphonota geographica: structure of degraded sterols aplykurodinone-1 and-2. Tetrahedron. 61(3): 617–621.
Gavagnin, M., Mollo, E., Montanaro, D., Ortea, J., and Cimino, G. (2000). Chemical studies of Caribbean sacoglossans: dietary relationships with green algae and ecological implications. J. Chem. Ecol. 26(7): 1563–1578.
Gavagnin, M., Ungur, N., Mollo, E., Templado, J., and Cimino, G. (2002). Structure and synthesis of a progesterone homologue from the skin of the dorid nudibranch Aldisa smaragdina. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2002(9): 1500–1504.
Gazave, E., Lapébie, P., Ereskovsky, A.V., Vacelet, J., Renard, E., Cárdenas, P., and Borchiellini, C. (2012). No longer Demospongiae: Homoscleromorph sponges revisited by molecular phylogeny, Linnaean classification and the PhyloCode. Hydrobiologia. 687(1): 3–10.
Generalić Mekinić, I., Skroza, D., Šimat, V., Hamed, I., Čagalj, M., and Popović Perković, Z. (2019). Phenolic content of brown algae (Pheophyceae) species: Extraction, identification, and quantification. Biomolecules 9(6): 244.
Gerhart, D.J., Rittschof, D., and Mayo, S.W. (1988). Chemical ecology and the search for marine antifoulants. J. Chem. Ecol. 14(10): 1905–1917.
Ghanbari, R., Zarei, M., Ebrahimpour, A., Abdul-Hamid, A., Ismail, A., and Saari, N. (2015). Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and anti-oxidant activities of sea cucumber (Actinopyga lecanora) hydrolysates. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16(12): 28870–28885.
Ghorbel-Bellaaj, O., Jellouli, K., and Maalej, H. (2017). Shrimp processing by-products protein hydrolysates: Evaluation of antioxidant activity and application in biomass and proteases production. Biocatal. Biotransformation. 35(4): 287–297.
Ghosh, S., Sarkar, T., Pati, S., Kari, Z.A., Edinur, H.A., and Chakraborty, R. (2022). Novel bioactive compounds from marine sources as a tool for functional food development. Front. Mar. Sci. 9: 832957.
Ghosh, T., Chattopadhyay, K., Marschall, M., Karmakar, P., Mandal, P., and Ray, B. (2009). Focus on antivirally active sulfated polysaccharides: from structure–activity analysis to clinical evaluation. Glycobiology. 19(1): 2–15.
Gigliotti, J.C., Davenport, M.P., Beamer, S.K., Tou, J.C., and Jaczynski, J. (2011). Extraction and characterisation of lipids from Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Food Chem. 125(3): 1028–1036.
Gildberg, A., Arnesen, J.A., Sæther, B.S., Rauø, J., and Stenberg, E. (2011). Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity in a hydrolysate of proteins from Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and identification of two novel inhibitory tri-peptides. Process Biochem. 46(11): 2205–2209.
Gomes, A.R., Freitas, A.C., Rocha-Santos, T.A.P., and Duarte, A.C. (2014). Bioactive compounds derived from echinoderms. Rsc Adv. 4(56): 29365–29382.
Gómez-Estaca, J., Calvo, M.M., Álvarez-Acero, I., Montero, P., and Gómez-Guillén, M.C. (2017). Characterization and storage stability of astaxanthin esters, fatty acid profile and α-tocopherol of lipid extract from shrimp (L. vannamei) waste with potential applications as food ingredient. Food Chem. 216: 37–44.
Gómez-Guzmán, M., Rodríguez-Nogales, A., Algieri, F., and Gálvez, J. (2018). Potential role of seaweed polyphenols in cardiovascular-associated disorders. Mar. Drugs 16(8): 250.
Gómez-Ordóñez, E., Jiménez-Escrig, A., and Rupérez, P. (2010). Dietary fibre and physicochemical properties of several edible seaweeds from the northwestern Spanish coast. Food Res. Int. 43(9): 2289–2294.
Gonçalves-Fernández, C., Sineiro, J., Moreira, R., and Gualillo, O. (2019). Extraction and characterization of phlorotannin-enriched fractions from the Atlantic seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata and evaluation of their cytotoxic activity in murine cell line. J. Appl. Phycol. 31(4): 2573–2583.
Gonçalves, A.A., and de Oliveira, A.R.M. (2016). Melanosis in crustaceans: A review. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 65: 791–799.
Goodband, R. (2002). Functional properties of fish proteins. Seafoods-Quality, Technology and Nutraceutical Applications. Springer, pp. 73–82.
Gopal, R., Vijayakumaran, M., Venkatesan, R., and Kathiroli, S. (2008). Marine organisms in Indian medicine and their future prospects. Nat. Prod. Radiance 7: 139–145.
Goto, K., Suzuki, T., Tamai, H., Ogawa, J., Imamura, A., Ando, H., Ishida, H., and Kiso, M. (2015). Total Synthesis and Neuritogenic Activity Evaluation of Ganglioside PNG-2A from the Starfish Protoreaster nodosus. Asian J. Org. Chem. 4(10): 1160–1171.
Gowda, N.M., Goswami, U., and Khan, M.I. (2008). T-antigen binding lectin with antibacterial activity from marine invertebrate, sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra): Possible involvement in differential recognition of bacteria. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 99(2): 141–145.
Grohmann, U., Fallarino, F., and Puccetti, P. (2003). Tolerance, DCs and tryptophan: much ado about IDO. Trends Immunol. 24(5): 242–248.
Gros, E., Al-Mourabit, A., Martin, M.T.R.S., Sorres, J., Vacelet, J., Frederich, M., Aknin, M., Kashman, Y., and Gauvin-Bialecki, A. (2014). Netamines H–N, tricyclic alkaloids from the marine sponge Biemna laboutei and their antimalarial activity. J. Nat. prod. 77(4): 818–823.
Gros, E., Martin, M.T., Sorres, J., Moriou, C., Vacelet, J., Frederich, M., Aknin, M., Kashman, Y., Gauvin-Bialecki, A., and Al-Mourabit, A. (2015). Netamines O-S, five new tricyclic guanidine alkaloids from the Madagascar sponge Biemna laboutei, and their antimalarial activities. Chem. Biodivers. 12(11): 1725–1733.
Gross, H., Kehraus, S., König, G.M., Woerheide, G., and Wright, A.D. (2002). New and biologically active imidazole alkaloids from two sponges of the genus Leucetta. J. Nat. Prod. 65(8): 1190–1193.
Gross, J. (1991). Pigments in Vegetables: Chlorophylls and Carotenoids. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
Grosso, C., Valentão, P., Ferreres, F., and Andrade, P.B. (2015). Alternative and efficient extraction methods for marine-derived compounds. Mar. Drugs 13(5): 3182–3230.
Guenther, J., Wright, A.D., Burns, K., and de Nys, R. (2009). Chemical antifouling defences of sea stars: effects of the natural products hexadecanoic acid, cholesterol, lathosterol and sitosterol. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 385: 137–149.
Guillou, A., Khalil, M., and Adambounou, L. (1995). Effect of silage preservation on astaxanthin forms and fatty acid profiles of processed shrimp. Aquac. 130: 351–360.
Gulzar, S., and Benjakul, S. (2019). Effect of pre-treatments on yield and properties of lipid extracted from cephalothorax of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by ultrasonic assisted process. LWT 100: 106–113.
Gupta, S., and Abu-Ghannam, N. (2011a). Bioactive potential and possible health effects of edible brown seaweeds. Trends in Food Sci. Technol. 22(6): 315–326.
Gupta, S., and Abu-Ghannam, N. (2011b). Recent developments in the application of seaweeds or seaweed extracts as a means for enhancing the safety and quality attributes of foods. Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol. 12(4): 600–609.
Gurpilhares, D.D.B., Cinelli, L.P., Simas, N.K., Pessoa, A., and Sette, L.D. (2019). Marine prebiotics: polysaccharides and oligosaccharides obtained by using microbial enzymes. Food Chem. 280: 175–186.
Guzii, A.G., Makarieva, T.N., Denisenko, V.A., Dmitrenok, P.S., Kuzmich, A.S., Dyshlovoy, S.A., Krasokhin, V.B., and Stonik, V.A. (2010). Monanchocidin: A new apoptosis-inducing polycyclic guanidine alkaloid from the marine sponge Monanchora pulchra. Org. Lett. 12(19): 4292–4295.
Guzmán, E.A., Johnson, J.D., Carrier, M.K., Meyer, C.I., Pitts, T.P., Gunasekera, S.P., and Wright, A.E. (2009). Selective cytotoxic activity of the marine derived batzelline compounds against pancreatic cancer cell lines. Anti-cancer drugs 20(2): 149–155.
Haefner, B. (2003). Drugs from the deep: marine natural products as drug candidates. Drug Discov. 8(12): 536–544.
Hai, L., Choi, E.S., Zhai, L., Panicker, P.S., and Kim, J. (2020). Green nanocomposite made with chitin and bamboo nanofibers and its mechanical, thermal and biodegradable properties for food packaging. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 144: 491–499.
Hamada, T., Matsunaga, S., Yano, G., and Fusetani, N. (2005). Polytheonamides A and B, Highly cytotoxic, linear polypeptides with unprecedented structural features, from the marine sponge, Theonella s winhoei. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127(1): 110–118.
Hamada, T., Sugawara, T., Matsunaga, S., and Fusetani, N. (1994). Polytheonamides, unprecedented highly cytotoxic polypeptides from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei 2. Structure elucidation. Tetrahedron Lett. 35(4): 609–612.
Hamdi, M., Nasri, R., Dridi, N., Li, S., and Nasri, M. (2020). Development of novel high-selective extraction approach of carotenoproteins from blue crab (Portunus segnis) shells, contribution to the qualitative analysis of bioactive compounds by HR-ESI-MS. Food Chem. 302: 125334.
Hamed, A.N.E.S., Wätjen, W., Schmitz, R., Chovolou, Y., Edrada-Ebel, R., Youssef, D.T.A., Kamel, M.S., and Proksch, P. (2013). A new bioactive sesquiterpenoid quinone from the Mediterranean Sea marine sponge Dysidea avara. Nat. Prod. Commun. 8(3): 1934578X1300800303.
Hamed, A.N.E., Schmitz, R., Bergermann, A., Totzke, F., Kubbutat, M., Müller, W.E.G., Youssef, D.T., Bishr, M.M., Kamel, M., and Edrada-Ebel, R. (2018). Bioactive pyrrole alkaloids isolated from the Red Sea: marine sponge Stylissa carteri. Z. Naturforsch. C. 73(5-6): 199–210.
Hamed, I., Özogul, F., Özogul, Y., and Regenstein, J.M. (2015). Marine bioactive compounds and their health benefits: a review. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 14(4): 446–465.
Han, J., Zhang, X., and Komiya, T. (2016). Integrated evolution of cnidarians and oceanic geochemistry before and during the Cambrian explosion. The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future. Springer, pp. 15–29.
Harnedy, P.A., and FitzGerald, R.J. (2012). Bioactive peptides from marine processing waste and shellfish: A review. J. Funct. Foods 4(1): 6–24.
Haroun-Bouhedja, F., Lindenmeyer, F., Lu, H., Soria, C., Jozefonvicz, J., and Boisson-Vidal, C. (2002). In vitro effects of fucans on MDA-MB231 tumor cell adhesion and invasion. Anticancer Res. 22(4): 2285–2292.
Haszprunar, G. (2020). Mollusca (Molluscs). Vol. 1. pp. 565–571.
Haugan, J.A., and Liaaen-Jensen, S. (1994). Algal carotenoids 54. Carotenoids of brown algae (Phaeophyceae). Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 22(1): 31–41.
Hayashi-Takanaka, Y., Kina, Y., Nakamura, F., Yamazaki, S., Harata, M., van Soest, R.W.M., Kimura, H., and Nakao, Y. (2019). Effect of mycalolides isolated from a marine sponge Mycale aff. nullarosette on actin in living cells. Sci. Rep. 9(1): 1–9.
He, H., Kulanthaivel, P., Baker, B.J., Kalter, K., Darges, J., Cofield, D., Wolff, L., and Adams, L. (1995). New antiproliferative and antiinflammatory 9, 11-secosterols from the gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia sp. Tetrahedron. 51(1): 51–58.
He, Q., Miao, S., Ni, N., Man, Y., and Gong, K. (2020). A review of the secondary metabolites from the marine sponges of the genus aaptos. Nat. Prod. Commun. 15(9): 1934578X20951439.
Hentschel, U., Hopke, J.R., Horn, M., Friedrich, A.B., Wagner, M., Hacker, J.R., and Moore, B.S. (2002). Molecular evidence for a uniform microbial community in sponges from different oceans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68(9): 4431–4440.
Hirano, K., Kubota, T., Tsuda, M., Mikami, Y., and Kobayashi, J.I. (2000). Pyrinodemins BD, potent cytotoxic bis-pyridine alkaloids from marine sponge amphimedon sp. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 48(7): 974–977.
Hitora, Y., Takada, K., Ise, Y., Okada, S., and Matsunaga, S. (2016). Dragmacidins G and H, bisindole alkaloids tethered by a guanidino ethylthiopyrazine moiety, from a Lipastrotethya sp. marine sponge. J. Nat. Prod. 79(11): 2973–2976.
Hochberg, M.C. (2010). Structure-modifying effects of chondroitin sulfate in knee osteoarthritis: an updated meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials of 2-year duration. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 18: S28–S31.
Hoffman, D.R., Boettcher, J.A., and Diersen-Schade, D.A. (2009). Toward optimizing vision and cognition in term infants by dietary docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid supplementation: a review of randomized controlled trials. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fat. Acids. 81(2-3): 151–158.
Hoffmane, R., Paper, D.H., Donaldson, J., Alban, S., and Franz, G. (1995). Characterization of a laminarin sulfate which inhibits basic fibroblast growth-factor binding and endothelial-cell proliferation. J. Cell Sci. 108: 3591–3598.
Holdt, S.L., and Kraan, S. (2011). Bioactive compounds in seaweed: functional food applications and legislation. J. Appl. Phycol. 23(3): 543–597.
Holland, L.Z. (2016). Tunicates. Curr. Biol. 26(4): R146–R152.
Honey-Escandón, M., Arreguín-Espinosa, R., Solís-Marín, F.A., and Samyn, Y. (2015). Biological and taxonomic perspective of triterpenoid glycosides of sea cucumbers of the family Holothuriidae (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. 180: 16–39.
Hooper, G.J., and Davies-Coleman, M.T. (1995). New metabolites from the South African soft coral Capnella thyrsoidea. Tetrahedron. 51(36): 9973–9984.
Hoshino, T. (1977). Demosponges from the Kii channel and its environs, western Japan. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 13: 5–15.
Hossain, A., Dave, D., and Shahidi, F. (2020). Northern sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa): A potential candidate for functional food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical sector. Mar. Drugs 18(5): 274.
Hosseini, S.F., Rezaei, M., and McClements, D.J. (2022). Bioactive functional ingredients from aquatic origin: a review of recent progress in marine-derived nutraceuticals. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 62(5): 1242–1269.
Hsu, K.C., Li-Chan, E.C.Y., and Jao, C.L. (2011). Antiproliferative activity of peptides prepared from enzymatic hydrolysates of tuna dark muscle on human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Food Chem. 126(2): 617–622.
Hu, S.W., Tian, Y.Y., Chang, Y.G., Li, Z.J., Xue, C.H., and Wang, Y.M. (2014a). Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber improves glucose metabolism and activates insulin signaling in the liver of insulin-resistant mice. J. Med. Food. 17(7): 749–757.
Hu, S., Xu, L., Shi, D., Wang, J., Wang, Y., Lou, Q., and Xue, C. (2014b). Eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phosphatidylcholine isolated from Cucumaria frondosa exhibits anti-hyperglycemic effects via activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal pathway. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 117(4): 457–463.
Hu, X., Cheng, B., Du, D., Huang, Z., Pu, Z., Chen, G., Peng, A., and Lu, L. (2019). Isolation and identification of a marine actinomycete strain and its control efficacy against citrus green and blue moulds. Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip. 33(1): 719–729.
Hu, X., Tao, N., Wang, X., Xiao, J., and Wang, M. (2016). Marine-derived bioactive compounds with anti-obesity effect: A review. J. Funct. Foods 21: 372–387.
Huang, C.Y., Su, J.H., Chen, B.W., Wen, Z.H., Hsu, C.H., Dai, C.F., Sheu, J.H., and Sung, P.J. (2011). Nardosinane-type sesquiterpenoids from the Formosan soft coral Paralemnalia thyrsoides. Mar. Drugs 9(9): 1543–1553.
Huang, N., Wu, M.Y., Zheng, C.B., Zhu, L., Zhao, J.H., and Zheng, Y.T. (2013). The depolymerized fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber potently inhibits HIV replication via interfering with virus entry. Carbohydr. Res. 380: 64–69.
Hung, C.C., Yang, Y.H., Kuo, P.F., and Hsu, K.C. (2014). Protein hydrolysates from tuna cooking juice inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. J. Funct. Foods 11: 563–570.
Huong, P.T.T., Huong, P.T.M., Dang, N.H., Van Thanh, N., Cuong, N.X., Nam, N.H., Kiem, P.V., and Minh, C.V. (2017). Cytotoxic constituents of the Vietnamese sea snail Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758). Lett. Org. Chem. 14(5): 310–314.
Hwang, P.A., Hung, Y.L., Tsai, Y.K., Chien, S.Y., and Kong, Z.L. (2015). The brown seaweed Sargassum hemiphyllum exhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and enhances insulin release in vitro. Cytotechnology. 67(4): 653–660.
Ibañez, E., Herrero, M., Mendiola, J.A., and Castro-Puyana, M. (2012). Extraction and characterization of bioactive compounds with health benefits from marine resources: macro and micro algae, cyanobacteria, and invertebrates. Marine bioactive compounds. Springer, pp. 55–98.
Ibrahim, N.I., Fairus, S., Zulfarina, M.S., and Naina Mohamed, I. (2020). The efficacy of squalene in cardiovascular disease risk-a systematic review. Nutr. 12(2): 414.
Ibrahim, S.R.M., and Mohamed, G.A. (2017). Ingenine E, a new cytotoxic β-carboline alkaloid from the Indonesian sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 19(5): 504–509.
Ibrahim, S.R.M., Min, C.C., Teuscher, F., Ebel, R., Kakoschke, C., Lin, W., Wray, V., Edrada-Ebel, R., and Proksch, P. (2010). Callyaerins A–F and H, new cytotoxic cyclic peptides from the Indonesian marine sponge Callyspongia aerizusa. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 18(14): 4947–4956.
Ikeda, Y., Inagaki, M., Yamada, K., Zhang, X.W., Zhang, B., Miyamoto, T., and Higuchi, R. (2009). Isolation and structure of a galactocerebroside from the sea cucumber Bohadschia argus. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 57(3): 315–317.
Imperatore, C., Gimmelli, R., Persico, M., Casertano, M., Guidi, A., Saccoccia, F., Ruberti, G., Luciano, P., Aiello, A., and Parapini, S. (2020). Investigating the antiparasitic potential of the marine sesquiterpene avarone, its reduced form avarol, and the novel semisynthetic thiazinoquinone analogue thiazoavarone. Mar. Drugs 18(2): 112.
Imperatore, C., Luciano, P., Aiello, A., Vitalone, R., Irace, C., Santamaria, R., Li, J., Guo, Y.W., and Menna, M. (2016). Structure and Configuration of Phosphoeleganin, a Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitor from the Mediterranean Ascidian Sidnyum elegans. J. Nat. Prod. 79(4): 1144–1148.
Inagaki, M., Shiizaki, M., Hiwatashi, T., Miyamoto, T., and Higuchi, R. (2007). Constituents of crinoidea. 5. Isolation and structure of a new glycosyl inositolphosphoceramide-type ganglioside from the feather star Comanthina schlegeli. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 55(11): 1649–1651.
Ioannou, E., Nappo, M., Avila, C., Vagias, C., and Roussis, V. (2009). Metabolites from the sea hare Aplysia fasciata. J. Nat. Prod. 72(9): 1716–1719.
Ioffina, D.I., Volkovitskaya, O.E., Gorkin, V.Z., Rebachuk, N.M., Utkina, N.K., and Fedoreev, S.A. (1990). Aaptamine - New selective type A monoamine-oxidase inhibitor. Pharm. Chem. J. 24: 456–458.
Ivanchina, N.V., Kicha, A.A., Kalinovsky, A.I., Dmitrenok, P.S., Dmitrenok, A.S., Chaikina, E.L., Stonik, V.A., Gavagnin, M., and Cimino, G. (2006). Polar steroidal compounds from the Far Eastern starfish Henricia leviuscula. J. Nat. Prod. 69(2): 224–228.
Iwashima, M., Matsumoto, Y., Takahashi, H., and Iguchi, K. (2000). New Marine Cembrane-type Diterpenoids from the Okinawan Soft Coral Clavularia k oellikeri. J. Nat. Prod. 63(12): 1647–1652.
Iwashima, M., Nara, K., Nakamichi, Y., and Iguchi, K. (2001). Three new chlorinated marine steroids, yonarasterols G, H and I, isolated from the Okinawan soft coral, Clavularia viridis. Steroids 66(1): 25–32.
Iyengar, E.V., and Harvell, C.D. (2001). Predator deterrence of early developmental stages of temperate lecithotrophic asteroids and holothuroids. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 264(2): 171–188.
Jamshidi, A., Cao, H., Xiao, J., and Simal-Gandara, J. (2020). Advantages of techniques to fortify food products with the benefits of fish oil. Food Res. Int. 137: 109353.
Janakiram, N.B., Mohammed, A., and Rao, C.V. (2015). Sea cucumbers metabolites as potent anti-cancer agents. Mar. Drugs 13(5): 2909–2923.
Jang, K.H., Chung, S.C., Shin, J., Lee, S.H., Kim, T.I., Lee, H.S., and Oh, K.B. (2007). Aaptamines as sortase A inhibitors from the tropical sponge Aaptos aaptos. Bioorganic Med. Chem. Lett. 17(19): 5366–5369.
Jayathilake, J., and Gunathilake, K.V.K. (2020). Cnidarian toxins: recent evidences for potential therapeutic uses. Eur. Zool. J. 87(1): 708–713.
Jeong, S.H., Kim, H.K., Song, I.S., Lee, S.J., Ko, K.S., Rhee, B.D., Kim, N., Mishchenko, N.P., Fedoryev, S.A., Stonik, V.A., and Han, J. (2014). Echinochrome A protects mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes against cardiotoxic drugs. Mar. Drugs 12(5): 2922–2936.
Jha, R.K., and Zi-Rong, X. (2004). Biomedical compounds from marine organisms. Mar. Drugs 2(3): 123–146.
Jia, Z., Song, Y., Tao, S., Cong, P., Wang, X., Xue, C., and Xu, J. (2016). Structure of sphingolipids from sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and structure-specific cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells. Lipids. 51(3): 321–334.
Jiang, W., Hu, S., Li, S., and Liu, Y. (2017). Biochemical and antioxidant properties of peptidic fraction generated from crab (Portunus trituberculatus) shells by enzymatic hydrolysis. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 52(11): 2479–2488.
Jiang, W., Liu, Y., Yang, X., and Hu, S. (2018). Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of modified crab shell bioactive peptides by Maillard reaction. Int. J. Food Prop. 21(1): 2730–2743.
Jiang, Z., Kempinski, C., and Chappell, J. (2016). Extraction and Analysis of Oxysterols. Current Protoc. Plant Biol. 1: 345–358.
Jiao, H., Shang, X., Dong, Q., Wang, S., Liu, X., Zheng, H., and Lu, X. (2015). Polysaccharide constituents of three types of sea urchin shells and their anti-inflammatory activities. Mar. Drugs 13(9): 5882–5900.
Jintang, S., Alei, F., Yun, Z., Shanzhen, S., Weixu, H., Meixiang, Y., Fengcai, W., and Xun, Q. (2010). Fucoidan increases TNF-α-induced MMP-9 secretion in monocytic cell line U937. Inflamm. Res. 59(4): 271–276.
John, B.A., Nelson, B.R., Sheikh, H.I., Cheung, S.G., Wardiatno, Y., Dash, B.P., Tsuchiya, K., Iwasaki, Y., and Pati, S. (2018). A review on fisheries and conservation status of Asian horseshoe crabs. Biodivers. Conserve. 27(14): 3573–3598.
Johnson, T.A., Sohn, J., Vaske, Y.M., White, K.N., Cohen, T.L., Vervoort, H.C., Tenney, K., Valeriote, F.A., Bjeldanes, L.F., and Crews, P. (2012). Myxobacteria versus sponge-derived alkaloids: The bengamide family identified as potent immune modulating agents by scrutiny of LC–MS/ELSD libraries. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 20(14): 4348–4355.
Jones, E.B., Suetrong, S., Sakayaroj, J., Bahkali, A.H., Abdel-Wahab, M.A., Boekhout, T., and Pang, K.L. (2015). Classification of marine ascomycota, basidiomycota, blastocladiomycota and chytridiomycota. Fungal Divers. 73(1): 1–72.
Jouiaei, M., Yanagihara, A.A., Madio, B., Nevalainen, T.J., Alewood, P.F., and Fry, B.G. (2015). Ancient Venom Systems: A Review on Cnidaria Toxins. Toxins. 7(6): 2251–2271.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2017a). An unprecedented antioxidative isopimarane norditerpenoid from bivalve clam, Paphia malabarica with anti-cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase potential. Pharm. Biol. 55(1): 819–824.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2017b). Biogenic antioxidative and anti-inflammatory aryl polyketides from the venerid bivalve clam Paphia malabarica. Food Chem. 237: 169–180.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2017c). First report of two new antioxidative meroterpeno 2 H-pyranoids from short-necked yellow-foot clam Paphia malabarica (family: Veneridae) with bioactivity against pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenase. Nat. Prod. Res. 31(6): 615–625.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2017d). Nutritional qualities of the low-value bivalve mollusks Paphia malabarica and Villorita cyprinoides at the estuarine waters of the southwestern coast of India. J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. 26(1): 54–70.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2018a). Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory pyranoids and isochromenyl analogues from Corbiculid bivalve clam, Villorita cyprinoides. Food Chem. 251: 125–134.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2018b). Previously undisclosed bioactive sterols from corbiculid bivalve clam Villorita cyprinoides with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. Steroids 135: 1–8.
Joy, M., and Chakraborty, K. (2018c). Specialized oxygenated heterocyclics from Villorita cyprinoides with cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory properties. Food Res. Int. 106: 164–172.
Ju, E., Latif, A., Kong, C.S., Seo, Y., Lee, Y.J., Dalal, S.R., Cassera, M.B., and Kingston, D.G.I. (2018). Antimalarial activity of the isolates from the marine sponge Hyrtios erectus against the chloroquine-resistant Dd2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Z. Naturforsch. C. 73(9-10): 397–400.
Jung, H.A., Hyun, S.K., Kim, H.R., and Choi, J.S. (2006). Angiotensin-converting enzyme I inhibitory activity of phlorotannins from Ecklonia stolonifera. Fish. Sci. 72(6): 1292–1299.
Jurd, K.M., Rogers, D.J., Blunden, G., and McLellan, D.S. (1995). Anticoagulant properties of sulphated polysaccharides and a proteoglycan from Codium fragile ssp. atlanticum. J. Appl. Phycol. 7(4): 339–345.
Kaiser, C.R., Pitombo, L.F., and Pinto, A.C. (2001). Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of chamigrenes from Aplysia dactilomela. Magn. Reson. Chem. 39(3): 147–149.
Kalinin, V.I., Avilov, S.A., Silchenko, A.S., and Stonik, V.A. (2015). Triterpene glycosides of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) as taxonomic markers. Nat. Prod. Commun. 10(1): 1934578X1501000108.
Kamio, M., Kicklighter, C.E., Nguyen, L., Germann, M.W., and Derby, C.D. (2011). Isolation and structural elucidation of novel mycosporine-like amino acids as alarm cues in the defensive ink secretion of the sea hare Aplysia californica. Helv. Chim. Acta 94(6): 1012–1018.
Kanda, A., and Minakata, H. (2006). Isolation and characterization of a novel small cardioactive peptide-related peptide from the brain of Octopus vulgaris. Peptides. 27(7): 1755–1761.
Kang, B., Skonberg, D.I., and Myracle, A.D. (2020). Anti-hyperglycemic effects of green crab hydrolysates derived by commercially available enzymes. Foods. 9(3): 258.
Kang, H.K., Lee, H.H., Seo, C.H., and Park, Y. (2019). Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties and applications of marine-derived proteins and peptides. Mar. Drugs 17(6): 350.
Kannan, A., Hettiarachchy, N.S., Marshall, M., Raghavan, S., and Kristinsson, H. (2011). Shrimp shell peptide hydrolysates inhibit human cancer cell proliferation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 91(10): 1920–1924.
Kanno, S.I., Yomogida, S., Tomizawa, A., Yamazaki, H., Ukai, K., Mangindaan, R.E.P., Namikoshi, M., and Ishikawa, M. (2013). Papuamine causes autophagy following the reduction of cell survival through mitochondrial damage and JNK activation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Int. J. Oncol. 43(5): 1413–1419.
Kariya, Y., Kubota, T., Fromont, J., and Kobayashi, J.I. (2006). Pyrinadines B–G, new bis-pyridine alkaloids with an azoxy moiety from sponge Cribrochalina sp. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14(24): 8415–8419.
Kasmiati, K., Yoshioka, Y., Okamoto, T., and Ojika, M. (2018). New crambescidin-type alkaloids from the Indonesian marine sponge Clathria bulbotoxa. Mar. Drugs 16(3): 84.
Kate, A.S., Pearson, J.K., Ramanathan, B., Richard, K., and Kerr, R.G. (2009). Isolation, biomimetic synthesis, and cytotoxic activity of bis (pseudopterane) amines. J. Nat. Prod. 72(7): 1331–1334.
Kaur, S., and Dhillon, G.S. (2015). Recent trends in biological extraction of chitin from marine shell wastes: a review. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 35(1): 44–61.
Khalid, S., Abbas, M., Bader-Ul-Ain, H., and Suleria, H.A.R. (2019). Pharmacological Applications of Marine-Derived Compounds: A Preventive Approach. Technological Processes for Marine Foods, From Water to Fork. Apple Academic Press, pp. 3–22.
Khan, B.M., and Liu, Y. (2019). Marine mollusks: food with benefits. Comp. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 18(2): 548–564.
Kharkwal, H., Joshi, D.D., Panthari, P., Pant, M.K., and Kharkwal, A.C. (2012). Algae as future drugs. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res. 5: 1–4.
Khora, S.S. (2013). Marine fish-derived bioactive peptides and proteins for human therapeutics. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 5(3): 31–37.
Khotimchenko, S.V. (2005). Lipids from the marine alga Gracilaria verrucosa. Chem. Nat. Compd. 41(3): 285–288.
Kigoshi, H., Hayashi, N., and Uemura, D. (2001). Stereoselective synthesis of pinnamine, an alkaloidal marine toxin from Pinna muricata. Tetrahedron Lett. 42(42): 7469–7471.
Kim, E.B., and Kwak, J.H. (2015). Antiviral phlorotannin from Eisenia bicyclis against human papilloma virus in vitro. Planta Med. 81(16): 22.
Kim, G.D., Cheong, O.J., Bae, S.Y., Shin, J., and Lee, S.K. (2013). 6″-Debromohamacanthin A, a bis (indole) alkaloid, inhibits angiogenesis by targeting the VEGFR2-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Mar. Drugs 11(4): 1087–1103.
Kim, H.J., Yong, H.I., Lee, B.W., Park, S., Baek, K.H., Kim, T.H., and Jo, C. (2020). Plasma-polymerized phlorotannins and their enhanced biological activities. J. Agric. Food Chem. 68(8): 2357–2365.
Kim, H., Hwang, J.Y., Chung, B., Cho, E., Bae, S., Shin, J., and Oh, K.B. (2019). 2-Alkyl-4-hydroxyquinolines from a marine-derived Streptomyces sp. inhibit hyphal growth induction in Candida albicans. Mar. Drugs 17(2): 133.
Kim, I.H., and Lee, J.H. (2008). Antimicrobial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from macroalgae. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 14(5): 568–572.
Kim, S.K., and Mendis, E. (2006). Bioactive compounds from marine processing byproducts–a review. Food Res. Int. 39(4): 383–393.
Kim, S.K., and Wijesekara, I. (2010). Development and biological activities of marine-derived bioactive peptides: A review. J. Funct. Foods 2(1): 1–9.
Kim, S.K., Kim, Y.T., Byun, H.G., Nam, K.S., Joo, D.S., and Shahidi, F. (2001). Isolation and characterization of antioxidative peptides from gelatin hydrolysate of Alaska pollack skin. J. Agric. Food Chem. 49(4): 1984–1989.
Kim, S.K., Ngo, D.H., and Vo, T.S. (2012). Marine fish-derived bioactive peptides as potential antihypertensive agents. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 65: 249–260.
Kim, S.Y., Kim, S.R., Oh, M.J., Jung, S.J., and Kang, S.Y. (2011). In vitro antiviral activity of red alga, Polysiphonia morrowii extract and its bromophenols against fish pathogenic infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus. The J. Microbiol. 49(1): 102–106.
Kiran, G.S., Sekar, S., Ramasamy, P., Thinesh, T., Hassan, S., Lipton, A.N., Ninawe, A.S., and Selvin, J. (2018). Marine sponge microbial association: Towards disclosing unique symbiotic interactions. Mar. Environ. Res. 140: 169–179.
Kita, M., Gise, B., Kawamura, A., and Kigoshi, H. (2013). Stylissatin A, a cyclic peptide that inhibits nitric oxide production from the marine sponge Stylissa massa. Tetrahedron Lett. 54(50): 6826–6828.
Kiuru, P., D'Auria, M.V., Muller, C.D., Tammela, P., Vuorela, H., and Yli-Kauhaluoma, J. (2014). Exploring marine resources for bioactive compounds. Planta Med. 80(14): 1234–1246.
Kleekayai, T., Saetae, D., Wattanachaiyingyong, O., Tachibana, S., Yasuda, M., and Suntornsuk, W. (2015). Characterization and in vitro biological activities of Thai traditional fermented shrimp pastes. J. Food Sci. Technol. 52(3): 1839–1848.
Ko, S.C., Ding, Y., Kim, J., Ye, B.R., Kim, E.A., Jung, W.K., Heo, S.J., and Lee, S.H. (2019). Bromophenol (5-bromo-3, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) isolated from red alga Polysiphonia morrowii inhibits adipogenesis by regulating expression of adipogenic transcription factors and AMP-activated protein kinase activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Phytother. Res. 33(3): 737–744.
Kobayashi, M., Kanzaki, K., Katayama, S., Ohashi, K., Okada, H., Ikegami, S., and Kitagawa, I. (1994). Marine natural products. XXXIII. Theonellapeptolide IId, a new tridecapeptide lactone from the Okinawan marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 42(7): 1410–1415.
Koivikko, R., Loponen, J., Honkanen, T., and Jormalainen, V. (2005). Contents of soluble, cell-wall-bound and exuded phlorotannins in the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus, with implications on their ecological functions. J. Chem. Ecol. 31(1): 195–212.
Krinsky, N.I., and Johnson, E.J. (2005). Carotenoid actions and their relation to health and disease. Mol. Aspects Med. 26(6): 459–516.
Kris-Etherton, P.M., Grieger, J.A., and Etherton, T.D. (2009). Dietary reference intakes for DHA and EPA. Prostaglandins, Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids. 81(2-3): 99–104.
Krishnan, S., Chakraborty, K., and Joy, M. (2019). First report of chromenyl derivatives from spineless marine cuttlefish Sepiella inermis: Prospective antihyperglycemic agents attenuate serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ. J. Food Biochem. 43(5): e12824.
Krishnan, S., Chakraborty, K., and Joy, M. (2020). First report of anti-inflammatory chromenyl derivatives from the spineless cuttlefish Sepiella inermis. Nat. Prod. Res. 34(17): 2437–2447.
Kumar, C.S., Ganesan, P., Suresh, P.V., and Bhaskar, N. (2008). Seaweeds as a source of nutritionally beneficial compounds-a review. J. Food Sci. Technol. 45(1): 1.
Kumar, S.G., Rahman, M.A., Lee, S.H., Hwang, H.S., Kim, H.A., and Yun, J.W. (2009). Plasma proteome analysis for anti-obesity and anti-diabetic potentials of chitosan oligosaccharides in ob/ob mice. Proteomics. 9(8): 2149–2162.
Kundam, D.N., Acham, I.O., and Girgih, A.T. (2018). Bioactive compounds in fish and their health benefits. Asian Food Sci. J. 4: 1–14.
Kurimoto, S.I., Seino, S., Fromont, J., Kobayashi, J.I., and Kubota, T. (2019). Ma'edamines C and D, New Bromotyrosine Alkaloids Possessing a Unique Tetrasubstituted Pyridinium Moiety from an Okinawan Marine Sponge Suberea sp. Org. Lett. 21(21): 8824–8826.
Kuroiwa, T., Izuta, H., Nabetani, H., Nakajima, M., Sato, S., Mukataka, S., and Ichikawa, S. (2009). Selective and stable production of physiologically active chitosan oligosaccharides using an enzymatic membrane bioreactor. Process Biochem. 44(3): 283–287.
Kuwahara, R., Hatate, H., Yuki, T., Murata, H., Tanaka, R., and Hama, Y. (2009). Antioxidant property of polyhydroxylated naphthoquinone pigments from shells of purple sea urchin Anthocidaris crassispina. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 42(7): 1296–1300.
Lagarto, A., Merino, N., Valdes, O., Dominguez, J., Spencer, E., de la Paz, N., and Aparicio, G. (2015). Safety evaluation of chitosan and chitosan acid salts from Panurilus argus lobster. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 72: 1343–1350.
Lahaye, M., and Kaeffer, B. (1997). Seaweed dietary fibres: Structure, physico-chemical and biological properties relevant to intestinal physiology. Sci. Aliments (France) 17: 563–584.
Lai, D., Yu, S., van Ofwegen, L., Totzke, F., Proksch, P., and Lin, W. (2011). 9, 10-Secosteroids, protein kinase inhibitors from the Chinese gorgonian Astrogorgia sp. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 19(22): 6873–6880.
Laille, M., Gerald, F., and Debitus, C. (1998). In vitro antiviral activity on dengue virus of marine natural products. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 54(2): 167–170.
Laith, A.A., Ambak, M., Abol-Munafi, A.B., Nurhafizah, W.W.I., and Najiah, M. (2017). Metabolomic analysis of marine and mud crabs based on antibacterial activity. Aquacul. Rep. 7: 7–15.
Laport, M.S., Santos, O.C.S., and Muricy, G. (2009). Marine sponges: potential sources of new antimicrobial drugs. Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 10(1): 86–105.
Larsen, R., Eilertsen, K.E., and Elvevoll, E.O. (2011). Health benefits of marine foods and ingredients. Biotechnol. Adv. 29(5): 508–518.
Laurienzo, P. (2010). Marine polysaccharides in pharmaceutical applications: an overview. Mar. Drugs 8(9): 2435–2465.
Le, H.M.T., Do, Q.T., Doan, M.H.T., Vu, Q.T., Nguyen, M.A., Vu, T.H.T., Nguyen, H.D., Duong, N., Tran, M.H., Chau, V.M., and Pham, V.C. (2019). Chemical composition and biological activities of metabolites from the marine fungi Penicillium sp. isolated from sediments of Co To Island, Vietnam. Molecules. 24(21): 3830.
Leal, M.C., Madeira, C., Brandão, C.A., Puga, J., and Calado, R. (2012a). Bioprospecting of marine invertebrates for new natural products - A chemical and zoogeographical perspective. Molecules. 17(8): 9842–9854.
Leal, M.C., Puga, J., Serodio, J., Gomes, N.C.M., and Calado, R. (2012b). Trends in the discovery of new marine natural products from invertebrates over the last two decades–where and what are we bioprospecting. PLoS One 7(1): e30580.
Leclère, L., and Röttinger, E. (2017). Diversity of cnidarian muscles: function, anatomy, development and regeneration. Front. Cell Develop. Biol. 4: 157.
Lee, J.B., Ohta, Y., Hayashi, K., and Hayashi, T. (2010). Immunostimulating effects of a sulfated galactan from Codium fragile. Carbohydr. Res. 345(10): 1452–1454.
Lee, J., Wang, W., Hong, J., Lee, C.O., Shin, S., Im, K.S., and Jung, J.H. (2007). A new 2, 3-dimethyl butenolide from the brittle star Ophiomastix mixta. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 55(3): 459–461.
Lee, S.H., Ko, S.C., Kang, M.C., Lee, D.H., and Jeon, Y.J. (2016). Octaphlorethol A, a marine algae product, exhibits antidiabetic effects in type 2 diabetic mice by activating AMP-activated protein kinase and upregulating the expression of glucose transporter 4. Food Chem. Toxicol. 91: 58–64.
Lee, Y., Kim, C.H., Oh, H.Y., Go, H.J., and Park, N. (2015). Investigation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and hemolytic activity of water-soluble extract of mottled anemone Urticina crassicornis. Fish Aquatic Sci. 18: 341–347.
Lenarcic, B., and Turk, V. (1999). Thyroglobulin type-1 domains in equistatin inhibit both papain-like cysteine proteinases and cathepsin D. J. Biol. Chem. 274(2): 563–566.
Lenarcic, B., Ritonja, A., Štrukelj, B., Turk, B., and Turk, V. (1997). Equistatin, a New Inhibitor of Cysteine Proteinases fromActinia equina, Is Structurally Related to Thyroglobulin Type-1 Domain. J. Biol. Chem. 272(21): 13899–13903.
Leonard, S.G., Sweeney, T., Pierce, K.M., Bahar, B., Lynch, B.P., and O'Doherty, J.V. (2010). The effects of supplementing the diet of the sow with seaweed extracts and fish oil on aspects of gastrointestinal health and performance of the weaned piglet. Livest. Sci. 134(1-3): 135–138.
Leone, A., Lecci, R.M., Durante, M., Meli, F., and Piraino, S. (2015). The bright side of gelatinous blooms: Nutraceutical value and antioxidant properties of three Mediterranean jellyfish (Scyphozoa). Mar. Drugs 13(8): 4654–4681.
Li, B., Gao, M.H., Zhang, X.C., and Chu, X.M. (2006). Molecular immune mechanism of C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis induces apoptosis in HeLa cells in vitro. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 43(3): 155–164.
Li, B., Lu, F., Wei, X., and Zhao, R. (2008a). Fucoidan: structure and bioactivity. Molecules. 13(8): 1671–1695.
Li, C.W., Chen, J.Y., and Hua, T.E. (1998). Precambrian sponges with cellular structures. Sci. 279(5352): 879–882.
Li, C., Haug, T., Styrvold, O.B., Jørgensen, T. Ø., and Stensvåg, K. (2008b). Strongylocins, novel antimicrobial peptides from the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Dev. Comp. Immunol. 32(12): 1430–1440.
Li, H.J., Xie, Y.L., Xie, Z.L., Chen, Y., Lam, C.K., and Lan, W.J. (2012a). Chondrosterins A–E, triquinane-type sesquiterpenoids from soft coral-associated fungus Chondrostereum sp. Mar. Drugs 10(3): 627–638.
Li, J.L., Han, S.C., Yoo, E.S., Shin, S., Hong, J., Cui, Z., Li, H., and Jung, J.H. (2011a). Anti-inflammatory amino acid derivatives from the ascidian Herdmania momus. J. Nat. Prod. 74(8): 1792–1797.
Li, J.L., Xiao, B., Park, M., Yoo, E.S., Shin, S., Hong, J., Chung, H.Y., Kim, H.S., and Jung, J.H. (2012b). PPAR-γ agonistic metabolites from the ascidian Herdmania momus. J. Nat. Prod. 75(12): 2082–2087.
Li, J., Wang, Y., Hao, X., Li, S., Jia, J., Guan, Y., Peng, Z., Bi, H., Xiao, C., Cen, S., and Gan, M. (2019). Broad-spectrum antiviral natural products from the marine-derived Penicillium sp. IMB17-046. Molecules. 24(15): 2821.
Li, Q., Zhu, R., Yi, W., Chai, W., Zhang, Z., and Lian, X.Y. (2018a). Peniciphenalenins A− F from the culture of a marine-associated fungus Penicillium sp. ZZ901. Phytochemistry. 152: 53–60.
Li, S., Jiang, W., Hu, S., Song, W., Ji, L., Wang, Y., and Cai, L. (2015). Fucosylated chondroitin sulphate from Cusumaria frondosa mitigates hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in insulin resistant mice. Food Funct. 6(5): 1547–1556.
Li, S., Li, J., Zhi, Z., Wei, C., Wang, W., Ding, T., Ye, X., Hu, Y., Linhardt, R.J., and Chen, S. (2017a). Macromolecular properties and hypolipidemic effects of four sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumbers. Carbohydr. Polym. 173: 330–337.
Li, Y.X., and Kim, S.K. (2011). Utilization of seaweed derived ingredients as potential antioxidants and functional ingredients in the food industry: An overview. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 20(6): 1461–1466.
Li, Y.X., Wijesekara, I., Li, Y., and Kim, S.K. (2011b). Phlorotannins as bioactive agents from brown algae. Process Biochem. 46(12): 2219–2224.
Li, Y., Chang, Q., Wu, M., and Zhao, X. (2018b). Total synthesis of five proline-enriched cyclic heptapeptides from the marine sponge Stylissa carteri. Tetrahedron Lett. 59(19): 1828–1831.
Li, Y., Fu, X., Duan, D., Liu, X., Xu, J., and Gao, X. (2017b). Extraction and identification of phlorotannins from the brown alga, Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell. Mar. Drugs 15(2): 49.
Li, Y., Fu, X., Duan, D., Liu, X., Xu, J., and Gao, X. (2017c). Extraction and identification of phlorotannins from the brown alga, Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell. Mar. Drugs 15(2): 49.
Li, Y., Qian, Z.J., Ryu, B., Lee, S.H., Kim, M.M., and Kim, S.K. (2009). Chemical components and its antioxidant properties in vitro: An edible marine brown alga, Ecklonia cava. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17(5): 1963–1973.
Liang, Z., Sulzmaier, F.J., Yoshida, W.Y., Kelly, M., Ramos, J.W., and Williams, P.G. (2015). Neopetrocyclamines A and B, polycyclic diamine alkaloids from the sponge Neopetrosia cf exigua. J. Nat. Prod. 78(3): 543–547.
Liaqat, F., and Eltem, R. (2018). Chitooligosaccharides and their biological activities: A comprehensive review. Carbohydr. Polym. 184: 243–259.
Lin, H.W., Wang, Z.L., Wu, J.H., Shi, N., Zhang, H.J., Chen, W.S., Morris-Natschke, S.L., and Lin, A.S. (2007). Stellettins L and M, cytotoxic isomalabaricane-type triterpenes, and sterols from the marine sponge Stelletta tenuis. J. Nat. Prod. 70(7): 1114–1117.
Lin, S., McCauley, E.P., Lorig-Roach, N., Tenney, K., Naphen, C.N., Yang, A.M., Johnson, T.A., Hernadez, T., Rattan, R., and Valeriote, F.A. (2017). Another Look at Pyrroloiminoquinone Alkaloids—Perspectives on Their Therapeutic Potential from Known Structures and Semisynthetic Analogues. Mar. Drugs 15(4): 98.
Lin, Y.S., Eid Fazary, A., Chen, C.H., Kuo, Y.H., and Shen, Y.C. (2011). Bioactive xenicane diterpenoids from the Taiwanese soft coral Asterospicularia laurae. Chem. Biodivers. 8(7): 1310–1317.
Lin, Y.S., Taha Khalil, A., Chiou, S.H., Kuo, Y.C., Cheng, Y.B., Liaw, C.C., and Shen, Y.C. (2008). Bioactive marine prostanoids from octocoral Clavularia viridis. Chem. Biodivers. 5(5): 784–792.
Liu, C.Y., Hwang, T.L., Lin, M.R., Chen, Y.H., Chang, Y.C., Fang, L.S., Wang, W.H., Wu, Y.C., and Sung, P.J. (2010). Carijoside A, a bioactive sterol glycoside from an octocoral Carijoa sp. (Clavulariidae). Mar. Drugs 8(7): 2014–2020.
Liu, C., Tang, X., Li, P.L., and Li, G.Q. (2012a). Suberitine A–D, four new cytotoxic dimeric aaptamine alkaloids from the marine sponge Aaptos suberitoides. Org. Lett. 14(8): 1994–1997.
Liu, H., Chen, S., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Huang, X., and She, Z. (2016). Polyketides with immunosuppressive activities from mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. ZJ-SY2. Mar. Drugs 14(12): 217.
Liu, Q.Y., Zhou, T., Zhao, Y.Y., Chen, L., Gong, M.W., Xia, Q.W., Ying, M.G., Zheng, Q.H., and Zhang, Q.Q. (2015a). Antitumor effects and related mechanisms of penicitrinine A, a novel alkaloid with a unique spiro skeleton from the marine fungus Penicillium citrinum. Mar. Drugs 13(8): 4733–4753.
Liu, X., Sun, Z., Zhang, M., Meng, X., Xia, X., Yuan, W., Xue, F., and Liu, C. (2012b). Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities of polysaccharides from sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Carbohydr. Polym. 90(4): 1664–1670.
Liu, X., Xu, J., Xue, Y., Gao, Z., Li, Z., Leng, K., Wang, J., Xue, C., and Wang, Y. (2015b). Sea cucumber cerebrosides and long-chain bases from Acaudina molpadioides protect against high fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice. Food Funct. 6(11): 3428–3436.
Liu, Z., Qiu, P., Liu, H., Li, J., Shao, C., Yan, T., Cao, W., and She, Z. (2019). Identification of anti-inflammatory polyketides from the coral-derived fungus Penicillium sclerotiorin: In vitro approaches and molecular-modeling. Bioorg. Chem. 88: 102973.
Lobine, D., Rengasamy, K.R.R., and Mahomoodally, M.F. (2021). Functional foods and bioactive ingredients harnessed from the ocean: current status and future perspectives. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 62(21): 5794–5823.
Logashina, Y.A., Solstad, R.G., Mineev, K.S., Korolkova, Y.V., Mosharova, I.V., Dyachenko, I.A., Palikov, V.A., Palikova, Y.A., Murashev, A.N., Arseniev, A.S., Kozlov, S.A., Stensvåg, K., Haug, T., and Arseniev, A.S. (2017). New disulfide-stabilized fold provides sea anemone peptide to exhibit both antimicrobial and TRPA1 potentiating properties. Toxins 9(5): 154.
Long, S., Chen, F., and Wang, K.J. (2021). Characterization of a new homologous anti-lipopolysaccharide factor SpALF7 in mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Aquaculture 534: 736333.
Lopez-Huertas, E. (2010). Health effects of oleic acid and long chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) enriched milks. A review of intervention studies. Pharmacol. Res. 61(3): 200–207.
Lordan, S., Ross, R.P., and Stanton, C. (2011). Marine bioactives as functional food ingredients: potential to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases. Mar. Drugs 9(6): 1056–1100.
Lordan, S., Smyth, T.J., Soler-Vila, A., Stanton, C., and Ross, R.P. (2013). The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of Irish seaweed extracts. Food Chem. 141(3): 2170–2176.
Lu, J.H., Li, R.S., and Zhang, W.H. (1994). Sea urchin chemical and pharmacological research. Chin. J. Mar. Drugs 2: 38–46.
Lu, Y., Li, P.J., Hung, W.Y., Su, J.H., Wen, Z.H., Hsu, C.H., Dai, C.F., Chiang, M.Y., and Sheu, J.H. (2011a). Nardosinane sesquiterpenoids from the Formosan soft coral Lemnalia flava. J. Nat. Prod. 74(2): 169–174.
Lu, Z., Van Wagoner, R.M., Harper, M.K., Baker, H.L., Hooper, J.N.A., Bewley, C.A., and Ireland, C.M. (2011b). Mirabamides E-H, HIV-inhibitory depsipeptides from the sponge Stelletta clavosa. J. Nat. Prod. 74(2): 185–193.
Lunn, J., and Theobald, H.E. (2006). The health effects of dietary unsaturated fatty acids. Nutr. Bull. 31(3): 178–224.
Luo, L., Wu, M., Xu, L., Lian, W., Xiang, J., Lu, F., Gao, N., Xiao, C., Wang, S., and Zhao, J. (2013). Comparison of physicochemical characteristics and anticoagulant activities of polysaccharides from three sea cucumbers. Mar. Drugs 11(2): 399–417.
Ma, M., Ge, H., Yi, W., Wu, B., and Zhang, Z. (2020). Bioactive drimane sesquiterpenoids and isocoumarins from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium minioluteum ZZ1657. Tetrahedron Lett. 61(7): 151504.
Ma, Z., Garrido-Maestu, A., and Jeong, K.C. (2017). Application, mode of action, and in vivo activity of chitosan and its micro-and nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents: A review. Carbohydr. Polym. 176: 257–265.
MacArtain, P., Gill, C.I.R., Brooks, M., Campbell, R., and Rowland, I.R. (2007). Nutritional value of edible seaweeds. Nutr. Rev. 65(12): 535–543.
Macedo, M.W.F.S., Cunha, N.B.D., Carneiro, J.A., Costa, R.A.D., Alencar, S.A.D., Cardoso, M.H., Franco, O.L., and Dias, S.C. (2021). Marine organisms as a rich source of biologically active peptides. Front. Mar. Sci. 889: 667764.
Machida, K., Matsumoto, T., Fusetani, N., and Nakao, Y. (2017). Dolabellol A, a new halogenated diterpene isolated from the Opisthobranch Dolabella auricularia. Chem. Lett. 46(11): 1676–1678.
Makarieva, T.N., Tabakmaher, K.M., Guzii, A.G., Denisenko, V.A., Dmitrenok, P.S., Shubina, L.K., Kuzmich, A.S., Lee, H.S., and Stonik, V.A. (2011). Monanchocidins B–E: polycyclic guanidine alkaloids with potent antileukemic activities from the sponge Monanchora pulchra. J. Nat. Prod. 74(9): 1952–1958.
Malyarenko, T.V., Kicha, A.A., Ivanchina, N.V., Kalinovskii, A.I., Dmitrenok, P.S., Ermakova, S.P., and Minkh, C.V. (2012). Asteropsiside A and other asterosaponins from the starfish Asteropsis carinifera. Russ. Chem. Bull. 61(10): 1986–1991.
Mamelona, J., Pelletier, É., Girard-Lalancette, K., Legault, J., Karboune, S., and Kermasha, S. (2007). Quantification of phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity of Atlantic sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa. Food Chem. 104(3): 1040–1047.
Manandhar, B., Wagle, A., Seong, S.H., Paudel, P., Kim, H.R., Jung, H.A., and Choi, J.S. (2019). Phlorotannins with potential anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activity isolated from the marine seaweed Ecklonia stolonifera. Antioxidants 8(8): 240.
Mandume, C.M.C., Bandarra, N.M., Raimundo, J., Lourenço, H.M., Gonçalves, S., Ventura, M., Delgado, I., Rego, A., Motta, C., Castanheira, I., Nunes, M.L., and Duarte, M.P. (2019). Chemical composition, nutritional value, and safety of cooked female Chaceon Maritae from Namibe (Angola). Foods. 8(7): 227.
Manggau, M., Hamzah, M., Mamada, S., Nurdin, W.B., and Zaenuddin, E.N. (2019). Anti coagulant activities of brown seaweed Sargassum cristaefolium extract. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1341(7): 072006.
Manivasagan, P., Bharathiraja, S., Santha Moorthy, M., Mondal, S., Seo, H., Dae Lee, K., and Oh, J. (2018). Marine natural pigments as potential sources for therapeutic applications. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 38(5): 745–761.
Manjusha, S., Nafila, P., Athulya, M., and Kunhi, A. (2017). Bioactivities of Protein Derived Peptides from Marine Crab Portunus Sanguinolentus. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol. 5: 70–75.
Manzo, E., Ciavatta, M.L., Gavagnin, M., Mollo, E., Guo, Y.W., and Cimino, G. (2004). Isocyanide Terpene Metabolites of Phyllidiella p ustulosa, a Nudibranch from the South China Sea. J. Nat. Prod. 67(10): 1701–1704.
Manzo, E., Ciavatta, M.L., Villani, G., Varcamonti, M., Sayem, S.M.A., Van Soest, R., and Gavagnin, M. (2011). Bioactive terpenes from Spongia officinalis. J. Nat. Prod. 74(5): 1241–1247.
Mao, S.C., Gavagnin, M., Mollo, E., and Guo, Y.W. (2011). A new rare asteriscane sesquiterpene and other related derivatives from the Hainan aeolid nudibranch Phyllodesmium magnum. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 39(4-6): 408–411.
Mao, X., Guo, N., Sun, J., and Xue, C. (2017). Comprehensive utilization of shrimp waste based on biotechnological methods: A review. J. Clean. Prod. 143: 814–823.
Maoka, T., Akimoto, N., Murakoshi, M., Sugiyama, K., and Nishino, H. (2010). Carotenoids in clams, Ruditapes philippinarum and Meretrix petechialis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 58(9): 5784–5788.
Maoka, T., Akimoto, N., Yim, M.J., Hosokawa, M., and Miyashita, K. (2008). New C37 skeletal carotenoid from the clam, Paphia amabillis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56(24): 12069–12072.
Maoka, T., Etoh, T., Borodina, A.V., and Soldatov, A.A. (2011). A Series of 19′-Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin Derivatives from the Sea Mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Grown in the Black Sea, Ukraine. J. Agric. Food Chem. 59(24): 13059–13064.
Maoka, T., Fujiwara, Y., Hashimoto, K., and Akimoto, N. (2005a). Carotenoids in three species of corbicula clams, Corbicula japonica, Corbicula sandai, and Corbicula sp. (Chinese freshwater corbicula clam). J. Agric. Food Chem. 53(21): 8357–8364.
Maoka, T., Fujiwara, Y., Hashimoto, K., and Akimoto, N. (2005b). Structure of new carotenoids with a 3, 4-dihydroxy-β-end group from the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Chem. Pharm. Bul. 53(9): 1207–1209.
Maoka, T., Fujiwara, Y., Hashimoto, K., and Akimoto, N. (2007). Characterization of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol esters in the Chinese surf clam, Mactra chinensis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55(4): 1563–1567.
Maoka, T., Hashimoto, K., Akimoto, N., and Fujiwara, Y. (2001). Structures of Five New Carotenoids from the Oyster Crassostrea gigas. J. Nat. Prod. 64(5): 578–581.
Maoka, T., Nakachi, S., Kobayashi, R., Mori, M., and Sakagami, Y. (2015). A new carotenoid, 9Z, 9′ Z-tetrahydroastaxanthin, from the sea cucumber Plesiocolochirus minutus. Tetrahedron Lett. 56(43): 5954–5955.
Mariottini, G.L., and Grice, I.D. (2016). Antimicrobials from Cnidarians. A new perspective for anti-infective therapy. Mar. Drugs 14(3): 48.
Markham, K.R., and Porter, L.J. (1969). Flavonoids in the green algae (chlorophyta). Phytochemistry. 8(9): 1777–1781.
Marques, I., Botelho, G., and Guiné, R. (2019). Comparative study on nutritional composition of fish available in Portugal. Nutr. Food Sci. 49(5): 925–941.
Marques, J., Vilanova, E., Mourão, P.A.S., and Fernàndez-Busquets, X. (2016). Marine organism sulfated polysaccharides exhibiting significant antimalarial activity and inhibition of red blood cell invasion by Plasmodium. Sci. Rep. 6(1): 1–14.
Marrero, J., Rodriguez, A.D., Baran, P., Raptis, R.G., Sánchez, J.A., Ortega-Barria, E., and Capson, T.L. (2004). Bielschowskysin, a gorgonian-derived biologically active diterpene with an unprecedented carbon skeleton. Org. Lett. 6(10): 1661–1664.
Mashjoor, S., and Yousefzadi, M. (2017). Holothurians antifungal and antibacterial activity to human pathogens in the Persian Gulf. J. Mycol. Med. 27(1): 46–56.
Masso-Silva, J.A., and Diamond, G. (2014). Antimicrobial peptides from fish. Pharmaceuticals. 7(3): 265–310.
Mateos, R., Pérez-Correa, J.R., and Domínguez, H. (2020). Bioactive properties of marine phenolics. Mar. Drugs 18(10): 501.
Matsunaga, S., Fusetani, N., Hashimoto, K., and Walchli, M. (1989a). Theonellamide F. A novel antifungal bicyclic peptide from a marine sponge Theonella sp. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111(7): 2582–2588.
Matsunaga, S., Fusetani, N., Hashimoto, K., Koseki, K., Noma, M., Noguchi, H., and Sankawa, U. (1989b). Bioactive marine metabolites. 25. Further kabiramides and halichondramides, cytotoxic macrolides embracing trisoxazole, from the Hexabranchus egg masses. J. Org. Chem. 54(6): 1360–1363.
Mayer, A.M.S., Glaser, K.B., Cuevas, C., Jacobs, R.S., Kem, W., Little, R.D., McIntosh, J.M., Newman, D.J., Potts, B.C., and Shuster, D.E. (2010). The odyssey of marine pharmaceuticals: a current pipeline perspective. Trends pharmacol. Sci. 31(6): 255–265.
Mayer, A., Rodríguez, A.D., Taglialatela-Scafati, O., and Fusetani, N. (2013). Marine pharmacology in 2009–2011: Marine compounds with antibacterial, antidiabetic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities; affecting the immune and nervous systems, and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action. Mar. Drugs 11(7): 2510–2573.
McClintock, J.B., and Baker, B.J. (2010). Marine Chemical Ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
McCormick, J.L., McKee, T.C., Cardellina, J.H., Leid, M., and Boyd, M.R. (1996). Cytotoxic triterpenes from a marine sponge, Stelletta sp. J. Nat. Prod. 59(11): 1047–1050.
McEnroe, F.J., and Fenical, W. (1978). Structures and synthesis of some new antibacterial sesquiterpenoids from the gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia rigida. Tetrahedron. 34(11): 1661–1664.
McKee, T.C., and Ireland, C.M. (1987). Cytotoxic and antimicrobial alkaloids from the Fijian sponge Xestospongia caycedoi. J. Nat. Prod. 50(4): 754–756.
McPhail, K.L., and Davies-Coleman, M.T. (2005). (3 Z)-Bromofucin from a South African sea hare. Nat. Prod. Res. 19(5): 449–452.
Mehbub, M.F., Lei, J., Franco, C., and Zhang, W. (2014). Marine sponge derived natural products between 2001 and 2010: trends and opportunities for discovery of bioactives. Mar. Drugs 12(8): 4539–4577.
Mehbub, M.F., Perkins, M.V., Zhang, W., and Franco, C.M.M. (2016). New marine natural products from sponges (Porifera) of the order Dictyoceratida (2001 to 2012); a promising source for drug discovery, exploration and future prospects. Biotechnol. Adv. 34(5): 473–491.
Melander, R.J., Liu, H.B., Stephens, M.D., Bewley, C.A., and Melander, C. (2016). Marine sponge alkaloids as a source of anti-bacterial adjuvants. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 26(24): 5863–5866.
Meli, A., Tedesco, C., Della Sala, G., Schettini, R., Albericio, F., De Riccardis, F., and Izzo, I. (2017). Phakellistatins: An underwater unsolved puzzle. Mar. Drugs 15(3): 78.
Menna, M., Fattorusso, E., and Imperatore, C. (2011). Alkaloids from marine ascidians. Molecules. 16(10): 8694–8732.
Merle, P.L., Sabourault, C., Richier, S., Allemand, D., and Furla, P. (2007). Catalase characterization and implication in bleaching of a symbiotic sea anemone. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 42(2): 236–246.
Metwally, A.S., El-Naggar, H.A., El-Damhougy, K.A., Ae Bashar, M., Ashour, M., and Ah Abo-Taleb, H. (2020). GC-MS analysis of bioactive components in six different crude extracts from the Soft Coral (Sinularia maxim) collected from Ras Mohamed, Aqaba Gulf, Red Sea, Egypt. Egypt. J. Aquat. Biol. Fish. 24(6): 425–434.
Meyer, M., Delberghe, F., Liron, F., Guillaume, M., Valentin, A., and Guyot, M. (2009). An antiplasmodial new (bis) indole alkaloid from the hard coral Tubastraea sp. Nat. Prod. Res. 23(2): 178–182.
Michalak, I. (2018). Experimental processing of seaweeds for biofuels. WIREs Energy Environ. 7(3): e288.
Miyaoka, H., Yamanishi, M., and Mitome, H. (2006). PLA2 inhibitory activity of marine sesterterpenoids cladocorans, their diastereomers and analogues. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 54(2): 268–270.
Miyashita, K. (2009). The carotenoid fucoxanthin from brown seaweed affects obesity. Lipid Technol. 21(8-9): 186–190.
Mojaveri, S.J., Hosseini, S.F., and Gharsallaoui, A. (2020). Viability improvement of Bifidobacterium animalis Bb12 by encapsulation in chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) hybrid electrospun fiber mats. Carbohydr. Polym. 241: 116278.
Mojica, E.R.E., and Merca, F. (2004). Lectin from the Body Walls of Black Sea Cucumber (Holothuria atra Jaeger). Philipp. J. Sci. 133: 77–85.
Mora, C., Tittensor, D.P., Adl, S., Simpson, A.G., and Worm, B. (2011). How many species are there on Earth and in the ocean. PLoS Biol. 9(8): e1001127.
Muller, A.J., Malachowski, W.P., and Prendergast, G.C. (2005). Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in cancer: targeting pathological immune tolerance with small-molecule inhibitors. Expert opin. Ther. Targets. 9(4): 831–849.
Murata, M., and Nakazoe, J.I. (2001). Production and use of marine algae in Japan. Jpn. Agric. Res. Q. 35(4): 281–290.
Naczk, M., Williams, J., Brennan, K., Liyanapathirana, C., and Shahidi, F. (2004). Compositional characteristics of green crab (Carcinus maenas). Food Chem. 88(3): 429–434.
Naczk, M., and Shahidi, F. (2004). Phenolics in Food and Nutraceuticals. Boca Raton, FL, USA, CRC Press.
Nagabhishek, S.N., and Madankumar, A. (2019). A novel apoptosis-inducing metabolite isolated from marine sponge symbiont Monascus sp. NMK7 attenuates cell proliferation, migration and ROS stress-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells. RSC Adv. 9(11): 5878–5890.
Nair, S., Gagnon, J., Pelletier, C., Tchoukanova, N., Zhang, J., Ewart, H.S., Jioa, G., and Wang, Y. (2017). Shrimp oil extracted from the shrimp processing waste reduces the development of insulin resistance and metabolic phenotypes in diet-induced obese rats. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 42(8): 841–849.
Najafian, L., and Babji, A.S. (2012). A review of fish-derived antioxidant and antimicrobial peptides: their production, assessment, and applications. Peptides. 33(1): 178–185.
Nakao, Y., Kuo, J., Yoshida, W.Y., Kelly, M., and Scheuer, P.J. (2003). More Kapakahines from the Marine Sponge Cribrochalina o lemda. Org. Lett. 5(9): 1387–1390.
Nakashima, K., Yamada, L., Satou, Y., Azuma, J.I., and Satoh, N. (2004). The evolutionary origin of animal cellulose synthase. Dev. Genes Evol. 214(2): 81–88.
Naqshbandi, A., Khan, M.W., Rizwan, S., Rehman, S., and Khan, F. (2012). Studies on the protective effect of dietary fish oil on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Food Chem. Toxicol. 50(2): 265–273.
Narayan, B., Miyashita, K., and Hosakawa, M. (2005). Comparative evaluation of fatty acid composition of different Sargassum (Fucales, Phaeophyta) species harvested from temperate and tropical waters. J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. 13(4): 53–70.
Narayan, B., Miyashita, K., and Hosakawa, M. (2006). Physiological effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) - A review. Food Rev. Int. 22(3): 291–307.
Narayanasamy, A., Balde, A., Raghavender, P., Shashanth, D., Abraham, J., Joshi, I., and Nazeer, R.A. (2020). Isolation of marine crab (Charybdis natator) leg muscle peptide and its anti-inflammatory effects on macrophage cells. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 25: 101577.
Nasri, R., Abed, H., Karra-Chaabouni, M., Nasri, M., and Bougatef, A. (2015). Digestive alkaline proteinases from Serranus scriba viscera: Characteristics, application in the extraction of carotenoproteins from shrimp waste, and evaluation in laundry commercial detergents. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 4(3): 355–361.
Nazari, M., Serrill, J.D., Wan, X., Nguyen, M.H., Anklin, C., Gallegos, D.A., Smith, A.B. 3rd, Ishmael, J.E., and McPhail, K.L. (2017). New mandelalides expand a macrolide series of mitochondrial inhibitors. J. Med. Chem. 60(18): 7850–7862.
Nędzarek, A., Drost, A., Tórz, A., and Bogusławska-Wąs, E. (2017). The use of a micro-and ultrafiltration cascade system for the recovery of protein, fat, and purified marinating brine from brine used for herring marination. Food Bioprod. Process. 106: 82–90.
Negi, B., Kumar, D., and Rawat, D.S. (2017). Marine peptides as anticancer agents: A remedy to mankind by nature. Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 18(9): 885–904.
Neumann, U., Derwenskus, F., Flaiz Flister, V., Schmid-Staiger, U., Hirth, T., and Bischoff, S.C. (2019). Fucoxanthin, a carotenoid derived from Phaeodactylum tricornutum exerts antiproliferative and antioxidant activities in vitro. Antioxidants 8(6): 183.
Newman, D.J., and Cragg, G.M. (2004). Advanced preclinical and clinical trials of natural products and related compounds from marine sources. Curr. Med. Chem. 11(13): 1693–1713.
Ng, P.K.L. (2017). Collecting and processing freshwater shrimps and crabs. J. Crustac. Biol. 37(1): 115–122.
Ngo, D.H., Ngo, D.N., Kim, S.K., and Vo, T.S. (2019). Antiproliferative effect of aminoethyl-chitooligosaccharide on human lung A549 cancer cells. Biomolecules 9(5): 195.
Nguyen, T.H., and Kim, S.M. (2015). α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Fatty Acids Purified from the Internal Organ of Sea Cucumber Stichopus japonicas. J. Food Sci. 80(4): H841–H847.
Nguyen, T.T., Barber, A.R., Corbin, K., and Zhang, W. (2017). Lobster processing by-products as valuable bioresource of marine functional ingredients, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. Bioresour. Bioprocess. 4(1): 1–19.
Nirmal, N.P., Santivarangkna, C., Rajput, M.S., and Benjakul, S. (2020). Trends in shrimp processing waste utilization: An industrial prospective. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 103: 20–35.
Nischwitz, V., Kanaki, K., and Pergantis, S.A. (2006). Mass spectrometric identification of novel arsinothioyl-sugars in marine bivalves and algae. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 21(1): 33–40.
Nishikawa, Y., Furukawa, A., Shiga, I., Muroi, Y., Ishii, T., Hongo, Y., Takahashi, S., Sugawara, T., Koshino, H., and Ohnishi, M. (2015). Cytoprotective effects of lysophospholipids from sea cucumber Holothuria atra. PLoS One 10(8): e0135701.
Nishimura, S., Arita, Y., Honda, M., Iwamoto, K., Matsuyama, A., Shirai, A., Kawasaki, H., Kakeya, H., Kobayashi, T., Matsunaga, S., and Yoshida, M. (2010). Marine antifungal theonellamides target 3β-hydroxysterol to activate Rho1 signaling. Nat. Chem. Biol. 6(7): 519–526.
Njinkoue, J.M., Gouado, I., Tchoumbougnang, F., Ngueguim, J.H.Y., Ndinteh, D.T., Fomogne-Fodjo, C.Y., and Schweigert, F.J. (2016). Proximate composition, mineral content and fatty acid profile of two marine fishes from Cameroonian coast: Pseudotolithus typus (Bleeker, 1863) and Pseudotolithus elongatus (Bowdich, 1825). NFS J. 4: 27–31.
Nkwe, D.O., Lotshwao, B., Rantong, G., Matshwele, J., Kwape, T.E., Masisi, K., Gaobotse, G., Hefferon, K., and Makhzoum, A. (2021). Anticancer Mechanisms of Bioactive Compounds from Solanaceae: An Update. Cancers 13(19): 4989.
Noguez, J.H., Diyabalanage, T.K.K., Miyata, Y., Xie, X.S., Valeriote, F.A., Amsler, C.D., McClintock, J.B., and Baker, B.J. (2011). Palmerolide macrolides from the Antarctic tunicate Synoicum adareanum. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 19(22): 6608–6614.
Núñez-Pons, L., Nieto, R.M., Avila, C., Jiménez, C., and Rodríguez, J. (2015). Mass spectrometry detection of minor new meridianins from the antarctic colonial ascidians Aplidium falklandicum and Aplidium meridianum. J. Mass Spectrom. 50(1): 103–111.
Nuzzo, G., Gomes, B.A., Amodeo, P., Matthews-Cascon, H., Cutignano, A., Costa-Lotufo, L.V., Monteiro, F.A.C., Pessoa, O.D.L., and Fontana, A. (2017). Isolation of Chamigrene Sesquiterpenes and Absolute Configuration of Isoobtusadiene from the Brittle Star Ophionereis reticulata. J. Nat. Prod. 80(11): 3049–3053.
O'Doherty, J.V., Dillon, S., Figat, S., Callan, J.J., and Sweeney, T. (2010). The effects of lactose inclusion and seaweed extract derived from Laminaria spp. on performance, digestibility of diet components and microbial populations in newly weaned pigs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 157(3-4): 173–180.
Oh, S., Son, M., Choi, J., Choi, C.H., Park, K.Y., Son, K.H., and Byun, K. (2019). Phlorotannins from Ecklonia cava attenuates palmitate-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and leptin resistance in hypothalamic neurons. Mar. Drugs 17(10): 570.
Ohgami, K., Shiratori, K., Kotake, S., Nishida, T., Mizuki, N., Yazawa, K., and Ohno, S. (2003). Effects of astaxanthin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 44(6): 2694–2701.
Ojha, K.S., Aznar, R., O'Donnell, C., and Tiwari, B.K. (2020). Ultrasound technology for the extraction of biologically active molecules from plant, animal and marine sources. Trends Analyt. Chem. 122: 115663.
Oku, N., Matsunaga, S., van Soest, R.W.M., and Fusetani, N. (2003). Renieramycin J, a highly cytotoxic tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, from a marine sponge Neopetrosia sp. J. Nat. Prod. 66(8): 1136–1139.
Ormond, A.B., and Freeman, H.S. (2013). Dye sensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Materials (Basel) 6(3): 6817–840.
Ortiz, A.R., Pisabarro, M.T., and Gago, F. (1993). Molecular model of the interaction of bee venom phospholipase A2 with manoalide. J. Med. Chem. 36(13): 1866–1879.
Ospina, C.A., Rodríguez, A.D., Sánchez, J.A., Ortega-Barria, E., Capson, T.L., and Mayer, A.M.S. (2005). Caucanolides A− F, Unusual Antiplasmodial Constituents from a Colombian Collection of the Gorgonian Coral Pseudopterogorgia b ipinnata. J. Nat. Prod. 68(10): 1519–1526.
Ospina, C.A., Rodriguez, A.D., Zhao, H., and Raptis, R.G. (2007). Bipinnapterolide B, a bioactive oxapolycyclic diterpene from the Colombian gorgonian coral Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata. Tetrahedron Lett. 48(42): 7520–7523.
Otero, P., López-Martínez, M.I., and García-Risco, M.R. (2019). Application of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) to obtain bioactive fatty acids and phenols from Laminaria ochroleuca collected in Galicia (NW Spain). J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 164: 86–92.
Ouyang, M.A. (2006). A new adenosyl-alkaloid from Ostrea rivularis. Nat. Prod. Res. 20(1): 79–83.
Pádua, D., Rocha, E., Gargiulo, D., and Ramos, A.A. (2015). Bioactive compounds from brown seaweeds: Phloroglucinol, fucoxanthin and fucoidan as promising therapeutic agents against breast cancer. Phytochem. Lett. 14: 91–98.
Pal, A., Kamthania, M.C., and Kumar, A. (2014). Bioactive compounds and properties of seaweeds-a review. Open Access Libr. J. 1(4): 1–17.
Pal, J., Shukla, B.N., Maurya, A.K., Verma, H.O., Pandey, G., and Amitha, A. (2018). A review on role of fish in human nutrition with special emphasis to essential fatty acid. Int. J. Fish. Aquat. Stud. 6(2): 427–430.
Palanisamy, S.K., Rajendran, N.M., and Marino, A. (2017). Natural products diversity of marine ascidians (Tunicates; Ascidiacea) and successful drugs in clinical development. Nat. Prod. Bioprospect. 7(1): 1–111.
Pandori, L.L.M., and Sorte, C.J.B. (2019). The weakest link: sensitivity to climate extremes across life stages of marine invertebrates. Oikos 128(5): 621–629.
Pang, X., Lin, X., Tian, Y., Liang, R., Wang, J., Yang, B., Zhou, X., Kaliyaperumal, K., Luo, X., Tu, Z., and Liu, Y. (2018a). Three new polyketides from the marine sponge-derived fungus Trichoderma sp. SCSIO41004. Nat. Prod. Res. 32(1): 105–111.
Pang, X., Lin, X., Yang, J., Zhou, X., Yang, B., Wang, J., and Liu, Y. (2018b). Spiro-phthalides and isocoumarins isolated from the marine-sponge-derived fungus Setosphaeria sp. SCSIO41009. J. Nat. Prod. 81(8): 1860–1868.
Pangestuti, R., and Arifin, Z. (2018). Medicinal and health benefit effects of functional sea cucumbers. J. Tradit. Complement. Med. 8(3): 341–351.
Pangestuti, R., and Kim, S.K. (2011). Biological activities and health benefit effects of natural pigments derived from marine algae. J. Funct. Foods 3(4): 255–266.
Park, P.J., Jung, W.K., Nam, K.S., Shahidi, F., and Kim, S.K. (2001). Purification and characterization of antioxidative peptides from protein hydrolysate of lecithin-free egg yolk. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 78(6): 651–656.
Park, S.Y., Je, J.Y., and Ahn, C.B. (2016). Protein hydrolysates and ultrafiltration fractions obtained from krill (Euphausia superba): Nutritional, functional, antioxidant, and ACE-inhibitory characterization. J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. 25(8): 1266–1277.
Parrish, S.M., Yoshida, W., Yang, B., and Williams, P.G. (2017). Ulapualides C–E Isolated from a Hawaiian Hexabranchus sanguineus Egg Mass. J. Nat. Prod. 80(3): 726–730.
Paudel, P., Seong, S.H., Jung, H.A., and Choi, J.S. (2019a). Characterizing fucoxanthin as a selective dopamine D3/D4 receptor agonist: Relevance to Parkinson's disease. Chem. Biol. Interact. 310: 108757.
Paudel, P., Seong, S.H., Park, H.J., Jung, H.A., and Choi, J.S. (2019b). Anti-diabetic activity of 2, 3, 6-tribromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzyl derivatives from Symphyocladia latiuscula through PTP1B downregulation and α-glucosidase inhibition. Mar. Drugs 17(3): 166.
Paudel, P., Seong, S.H., Zhou, Y., Park, H.J., Jung, H.A., and Choi, J.S. (2019c). Anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of bromophenols from a red alga, Symphyocladia latiuscula (Harvey) Yamada. ACS Omega 4(7): 12259–12270.
Paul, V.J., and Puglisi, M.P. (2004). Chemical mediation of interactions among marine organisms. Nat. Prod. Rep. 21(1): 189–209.
Paul, V.J., Ritson-Williams, R., and Sharp, K. (2011). Marine chemical ecology in benthic environments. N. Prod. Rep. 28(2): 345–387.
Pawlik, J.R., McFall, G., and Zea, S. (2002). Does the odor from sponges of the genus Ircinia protect them from fish predators. J. Chem. Ecol. 28(6): 1103–1115.
Peñalver, R., Lorenzo, J.M., Ros, G., Amarowicz, R., Pateiro, M., and Nieto, G. (2020). Seaweeds as a functional ingredient for a healthy diet. Mar. Drugs 18(6): 301.
Peng, J., Yuan, J.P., Wu, C.F., and Wang, J.H. (2011). Fucoxanthin, a marine carotenoid present in brown seaweeds and diatoms: metabolism and bioactivities relevant to human health. Mar. Drugs 9(10): 1806–1828.
Perdicaris, S., Vlachogianni, T., and Valavanidis, A. (2013). Bioactive natural substances from marine sponges: new developments and prospects for future pharmaceuticals. Nat. Prod. Chem. Res. 1(3): 1–8.
Pereira, A., Vottero, E., Roberge, M., Mauk, A.G., and Andersen, R.J. (2006). Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase inhibitors from the northeastern Pacific marine hydroid Garveia annulata. J. Nat. Prod. 69(10): 1496–1499.
Pereira, D.M., Cheel, J., Areche, C., San-Martin, A., Rovirosa, J., Silva, L.R., Valentao, P., and Andrade, P.B. (2011). Anti-proliferative activity of meroditerpenoids isolated from the brown alga Stypopodium flabelliforme against several cancer cell lines. Mar. Drugs 9(5): 852–862.
Pereira, D.M., Valentão, P., and Andrade, P.B. (2014). Marine natural pigments: Chemistry, distribution and analysis. Dyes Pigm. 111: 124–134.
Pereira, M.S., Mulloy, B., and Mourao, P.A.S. (1999). Structure and anticoagulant activity of sulfated fucans: comparison between the regular, repetitive, and linear fucans from echinoderms with the more heterogeneous and branched polymers from brown algae. J. Biol. Chem. 274(12): 7656–7667.
Pérez-Santín, E., Calvo, M.M., López-Caballero, M.E., Montero, P., and Gómez-Guillén, M.C. (2013). Compositional properties and bioactive potential of waste material from shrimp cooking juice. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 54(1): 87–94.
Petersen, L.E., Kellermann, M.Y., and Schupp, P.J. (2020). Secondary metabolites of marine microbes: From natural products chemistry to chemical ecology. YOUMARES 9: 159–180.
Pipingas, A., Sinclair, A., Croft, K.D., Januszewski, A.S., Jenkins, A.J., Mori, T.A., Cockerell, R., Grima, N.A., Stough, C., Scholey, A., Myer, S.P., Sali, A., and Pase, M.P. (2015). Fish oil and multivitamin supplementation reduces oxidative stress but not inflammation in healthy older adults: a randomised controlled trial. J. Funct. Foods 19: 949–957.
Pla, D., Marchal, A., Olsen, C.A., Francesch, A., Cuevas, C., Albericio, F., and Álvarez, M. (2006). Synthesis and structure− activity relationship study of potent cytotoxic analogues of the marine alkaloid lamellarin D. J. Med. Chem. 49(11): 3257–3268.
Plaza, A., Bifulco, G., Masullo, M., Lloyd, J.R., Keffer, J.L., Colin, P.L., Hooper, J.N., Bell, L.J., and Bewley, C.A. (2010). Mutremdamide A and koshikamides C− H, peptide inhibitors of HIV-1 entry from different Theonella species. J. Org. Chem. 75(13): 4344–4355.
Plaza, A., Gustchina, E., Baker, H.L., Kelly, M., and Bewley, C.A. (2007). Mirabamides A–D, depsipeptides from the sponge Siliquariaspongia mirabilis that inhibit HIV-1 fusion. J. Nat. Prod. 70(11): 1753–1760.
Pongsetkul, J., Benjakul, S., Sumpavapol, P., Osako, K., and Faithong, N. (2017). Comparative studies on autolysis and antioxidative properties of salted shrimp paste (Kapi) from Acetes vulgaris and Macrobrachium lanchesteri. Turkish J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 17(4): 805–814.
Popa, I., Băbeanu, N., Niă, S., and Popa, O. (2014). Squalene-Natural resources and applications. Farmacia. 62: 840–862.
Popplewell, W.L., and Northcote, P.T. (2009). Colensolide A: A new nitrogenous bromophenol from the New Zealand marine red alga Osmundaria colensoi. Tetrahedron Lett. 50(49): 6814–6817.
Powell, C., Hughes, A.D., Kelly, M.S., Conner, S., and McDougall, G.J. (2014). Extraction and identification of antioxidant polyhydroxynaphthoquinone pigments from the sea urchin, Psammechinus miliaris. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 59(1): 455–460.
Pozharitskaya, O.N., Shikov, A.N., Laakso, I., Seppänen-Laakso, T., Makarenko, I.E., Faustova, N.M., Makarova, M.N., and Makarov, V.G. (2015). Bioactivity and chemical characterization of gonads of green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis from Barents Sea. J. Funct. Foods 17: 227–234.
Primor, N., and Tu, A.T. (1980). Conformation of pardaxin, the toxin of the flatfish Pardachirus marmoratus. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 626(2): 299–306.
Proksch, P. (1994). Defensive roles for secondary metabolites from marine sponges and sponge-feeding nudibranchs. Toxicon 32(6): 639–655.
Pronzato, R., Pisera, A., and Manconi, R. (2017). Fossil freshwater sponges: taxonomy, geographic distribution, and critical review. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 62(3): 467–495.
Qi, S.H., and Ma, X. (2017). Antifouling compounds from marine invertebrates. Mar. Drugs 15(9): 263.
Qi, S.H., Zhang, S., Qian, P.Y., and Xu, H.H. (2009). Antifeedant and antifouling briaranes from the South China Sea gorgonian Junceella juncea. Chem. Nat. Compd. 45(1): 49–54.
Qin, Y. (2018). Health benefits of bioactive seaweed substances. Bioactive seaweeds for food applications. pp. 179–200.
Raafat, D., Von Bargen, K., Haas, A., and Sahl, H.G. (2008). Insights into the mode of action of chitosan as an antibacterial compound. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74(12): 3764–3773.
Rainey, A.N., Fukui, S.M., Mark, K., King, H.M., and Blitz, D.M. (2021). Intrinsic sources of tachykinin-related peptide in the thoracic ganglion mass of the crab, Cancer borealis. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 302: 113688.
Ralifo, P., Tenney, K., Valeriote, F.A., and Crews, P. (2007). A distinctive structural twist in the aminoimidazole alkaloids from a calcareous marine sponge: isolation and characterization of leucosolenamines A and B. J. Nat. Prod. 70(1): 33–38.
Ramezanzade, L., Hosseini, S.F., and Nikkhah, M. (2017). Biopolymer-coated nanoliposomes as carriers of rainbow trout skin-derived antioxidant peptides. Food Chem. 234: 220–229.
Rasmussen, R.S., and Morrissey, M.T. (2007). Marine biotechnology for production of food ingredients. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 52: 237–292.
Ravi, H., and Baskaran, V. (2017). Chitosan-glycolipid nanocarriers improve the bioavailability of fucoxanthin via up-regulation of PPARγ and SRB1 and antioxidant activity in rat model. J. Funct. Foods 28: 215–226.
Reina, E., Puentes, C., Rojas, J., García, J., Ramos, F.A., Castellanos, L., Aragón, M., and Ospina, L.F. (2011). Fuscoside E: a strong anti-inflammatory diterpene from Caribbean octocoral Eunicea fusca. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 21(19): 5888–5891.
Reyes, F., Martín, R., Rueda, A., Fernández, R., Montalvo, D., Gómez, C., and Sánchez-Puelles, J.M. (2004). Discorhabdins I and L, Cytotoxic Alkaloids from the Sponge Latrunculia b revis. J. Nat. Prod. 67(3): 463–465.
Rideout, J.A., Smith, N.B., and Sutherland, M.D. (1979). Chemical defense of crinoids by polyketide sulphates. Experientia. 35(10): 1273–1274.
Ridley, C.P., and Faulkner, D.J. (2003). New Cytotoxic Steroidal Alkaloids from the Philippine Sponge Corticium niger. J. Nat. Prod. 66(12): 1536–1539.
Rinaudo, M. (2006). Chitin and chitosan: Properties and applications. Prog. Polym. Sci. 31(7): 603–632.
Rinehart, K.L. (2000). Antitumor compounds from tunicates. Med. Res. Rev. 20(1): 1–27.
Rodriguez, A.D., Ramirez, C., Rodriguez, I.I., and Barnes, C.L. (2000). Novel terpenoids from the west Indian Sea Whip Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae (Bayer). Elisapterosins A and B: rearranged diterpenes possessing an unprecedented cagelike framework. J. Org. Chem. 65(5): 1390–1398.
Rodríguez, I.I., and Rodríguez, A.D. (2003). Homopseudopteroxazole, a New Antimycobacterial Diterpene Alkaloid from Pseudopterogorgia e lisabethae. J. Nat. Prod. 66(6): 855–857.
Rodríguez, I.I., Rodríguez, A.D., and Zhao, H. (2009). Aberrarone: A gorgonian-derived diterpene from Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. J. Org. Chem. 74(19): 7581–7584.
Rodríguez, I.I., Rodríguez, A.D., Wang, Y., and Franzblau, S.G. (2006). Ileabethoxazole: a novel benzoxazole alkaloid with antimycobacterial activity. Tetrahedron Lett. 47(19): 3229–3232.
Rodríguez, J., Jiménez, C., Blanco, M., Tarazona, G., Fernández, R., and Cuevas, C. (2016). Lanesoic acid: A cytotoxic zwitterion from Theonella sp. Org. Lett. 18(22): 5832–5835.
Romano, G., Costantini, M., Sansone, C., Lauritano, C., Ruocco, N., and Ianora, A. (2017). Marine microorganisms as a promising and sustainable source of bioactive molecules. Mar. Environ. Res. 128: 58–69.
Routray, W., Dave, D., Cheema, S.K., Ramakrishnan, V.V., and Pohling, J. (2019). Biorefinery approach and environment-friendly extraction for sustainable production of astaxanthin from marine wastes. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 39(4): 469–488.
Rovirosa, J., and San-Martín, A. (2006). A novel metabolite from the Chilean mollusk Siphonaria lessoni. Quím. Nova. 29: 52–53.
Rubiolo, J.A., López-Alonso, H., Roel, M., Vieytes, M.R., Thomas, O., Ternon, E., Vega, F.V., and Botana, L.M. (2014). Mechanism of cytotoxic action of crambescidin-816 on human liver-derived tumour cells. Br. J. Pharmacol. 171(7): 1655–1667.
Rubnov, S., Chevallier, C., Thoison, O., Debitus, C., Laprevote, O., Guénard, D., and Sévenet, T. (2005). Echinosulfonic acid D: an ESI MS n evaluation of a new cytotoxic alkaloid from the New-Caledonian sponge Psammoclemma sp. Nat. Prod. Res. 19(1): 75–79.
Rudali, G., and Menetrier, L. (1967). Action of geranyl-hydroquinone on different spontaneous and induced cancers in the mouse. Therapie. 22(4): 895–904.
Rupérez, P., Ahrazem, O., and Leal, J.A. (2002). Potential antioxidant capacity of sulfated polysaccharides from the edible marine brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50(4): 840–845.
Russo, G.L., De Nisco, E., Fiore, G., Di Donato, P., d'Ischia, M., and Palumbo, A. (2003). Toxicity of melanin-free ink of Sepia officinalis to transformed cell lines: identification of the active factor as tyrosinase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308(2): 293–299.
Sachindra, N.M., and Mahendrakar, N.S. (2011). Effect of protease treatment on oil extractability of carotenoids from shrimp waste. J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. 20(1): 22–31.
Sadanandan, R., and Rauf, A.A. (2018). Antibacterial activity of a lectin isolated from marine sponge Axinella donnani. J. Aquat. Biol. Fish. 6: 159–164.
Sagar, S., Kaur, M., and Minneman, K.P. (2010). Antiviral lead compounds from marine sponges. Mar. Drugs 8(10): 2619–2638.
Sahara, H., Hanashima, S., Yamazaki, T., Takahashi, S., Sugawara, F., Ohtani, S., Ishikawa, M., Mizushina, Y., Ohta, K., Shimozawa, K., Gasa, S., Jimbow, K., Sakaguchi, K., Sato, N., and Takahashi, N. (2002). Anti-tumor effect of chemically synthesized sulfolipids based on sea urchin's natural sulfonoquinovosylmonoacylglycerols. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 93(1): 85–92.
Saini, R.K., and Keum, Y.S. (2018). Carotenoid extraction methods: A review of recent developments. Food Chem. 240: 90–103.
Saito, H. (2007). Identification of novel n-4 series polyunsaturated fatty acids in a deep-sea clam, Calyptogena phaseoliformis. J. Chromatogr. A. 1163(1-2): 247–259.
Sakai, R., Higa, T., Jefford, C.W., and Bernardinelli, G. (1986). Manzamine A, a novel antitumor alkaloid from a sponge. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108(20): 6404–6405.
Sala, G.D., Cutignano, A., Fontana, A., Spinella, A., Calabrese, G., Coll, A.D., d'Ippolito, G., Monica, C.D., and Cimino, G. (2007). Towards the biosynthesis of the aromatic products of the Mediterranean mollusc Scaphander lignarius: Isolation and synthesis of analogues of lignarenones. Tetrahedron. 63(30): 7256–7263.
Salas, S., and Chakraborty, K. (2018a). An unreported polyether macrocyclic lactone with antioxidative and anti-lipoxygenase activities from the Babylonidae gastropod mollusc Babylonia spirata. Med. Chem. Res. 27(11): 2446–2453.
Salas, S., and Chakraborty, K. (2018b). First report of bioactive sterols from the muricid gastropod Chicoreus ramosus. Steroids 137: 57–63.
Salas, S., Chakraborty, K., Sarada, P.T., and Vijayagopal, P. (2018). Nutritional composition of the branched murex Chicoreus ramosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Family: Muricidae). Indian J. Fish. 65(4): 102–108.
Salimi, A., Motallebi, A., Ayatollahi, M., Seydi, E., Mohseni, A.R., Nazemi, M., and Pourahmad, J. (2017). Selective toxicity of persian gulf sea cucumber holothuria parva on human chronic lymphocytic leukemia b lymphocytes by direct mitochondrial targeting. Environ. Toxicol. 32(4): 1158–1169.
Samoylenko, V., Khan, S.I., Jacob, M.R., Tekwani, B.L., Walker, L.A., Hufford, C.D., and Muhammad, I. (2009). Bioactive (+)-manzamine A and (+)-8-hydroxymanzamine A tertiary bases and salts from Acanthostrongylophora ingens and their preparations. Nat. Prod. Commun. 4(2): 1934578X0900400204.
Sánchez-Camargo, A.D.P., Ibáñez, E., Cifuentes, A., and Herrero, M. (2017). Bioactives obtained from plants, seaweeds, microalgae, and food by-products using pressurized liquid extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. Compr. Anal. Chem. 76: 27–51.
Sánchez-Machado, D.I., López-Cervantes, J., Lopez-Hernandez, J., and Paseiro-Losada, P. (2004). Fatty acids, total lipid, protein, and ash contents of processed edible seaweeds. Food Chem. 85(3): 439–444.
Sanjeewa, K.K.A., Kang, N., Ahn, G., Jee, Y., Kim, Y.T., and Jeon, Y.J. (2018). Bioactive potentials of sulfated polysaccharides isolated from brown seaweed Sargassum spp in related to human health applications: A review. Food Hydrocoll. 81: 200–208.
Santalova, E.A., Denisenko, V.A., Chernyshev, A.V., Gavagnin, M., and Sanamyan, K.E. (2007). Ketosteroids from the far-east marine prosobranch mollusk Onchidiopsis variegata. Chem. Nat. Compd. 43(1): 86–89.
Santhanam, R. (2020). Biology and ecology of venomous marine Cnidarians. Springer, Singapore, pp. 1–5.
Santos-Buelga, C., Gonzalez-Manzano, S., Dueñas, M., and Gonzalez-Paramas, A.M. (2012). Extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds. Review Methods Mol. Biol. 864: 427–464.
Santos, S.A., Félix, R., Pais, A., Rocha, S.M., and Silvestre, A.J. (2019). The quest for phenolic compounds from macroalgae: A review of extraction and identification methodologies. Biomolecules 9(12): 847.
Santos, S.D., Cahú, T.B., Firmino, G.O., de Castro, C.C., Carvalho Jr, L.B., Bezerra, R.S., and Filho, J.L.L. (2012). Shrimp waste extract and astaxanthin: rat alveolar macrophage, oxidative stress and inflammation. J. Food Sci. 77(7): H141–H146.
Scarfì, S., Pozzolini, M., Oliveri, C., Mirata, S., Salis, A., Damonte, G., Fenoglio, D., Altosole, T., Ilan, M., Bertolino, M., and Bertolino, M. (2020). Identification, purification and molecular characterization of chondrosin, a New Protein with anti-tumoral activity from the marine sponge Chondrosia reniformis nardo 1847. Mar. Drugs 18(8): 409.
Schillaci, D., Cusimano, M.G., Cunsolo, V., Saletti, R., Russo, D., Vazzana, M., Vitale, M., and Arizza, V. (2013). Immune mediators of sea-cucumber Holothuria tubulosa (Echinodermata) as source of novel antimicrobial and anti-staphylococcal biofilm agents. Amb Express. 3(1): 1–10.
Schippers, K.J., Sipkema, D., Osinga, R., Smidt, H., Pomponi, S.A., Martens, D.E., and Wijffels, R.H. (2012). Cultivation of sponges, sponge cells and symbionts: achievements and future prospects. Adv. Mar. Biol. 62: 273–337.
Schmidt, E.W., Raventos-Suarez, C., Bifano, M., Menendez, A.T., Fairchild, C.R., and Faulkner, D.J. (2004). Scleritodermin A, A Cytotoxic Cyclic Peptide From The Lithistid Sponge Scleritoderma N Odosum. J. Nat. Prod. 67(3): 475–478.
Schoenmakers, H.J.N. (1979). In vitro biosynthesis of steroids from cholesterol by the ovaries and pyloric caeca of the starfish Asterias rubens. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Comp. Biochem. 63(2): 179–184.
Schuchardt, J.P., Schneider, I., Meyer, H., Neubronner, J., von Schacky, C., and Hahn, A. (2011). Incorporation of EPA and DHA into plasma phospholipids in response to different omega-3 fatty acid formulations-a comparative bioavailability study of fish oil vs. krill oil. Lipids Health Dis. 10(1): 1–7.
Selvin, J., and Lipton, A.P. (2004). Biopotentials of secondary metabolites isolated from marine sponges. Hydrobiologia. 513(1): 231–238.
Semreen, M.H., El-Gamal, M.I., Abdin, S., Alkhazraji, H., Kamal, L., Hammad, S., El-Awady, F., Waleed, D., and Kourbaj, L. (2018). Recent updates of marine antimicrobial peptides. Saudi Pharm. J. 26(3): 396–409.
Senphan, T., and Benjakul, S. (2012). Compositions and yield of lipids extracted from hepatopancreas of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) as affected by prior autolysis. Food Chem. 134(2): 829–835.
Seo, J.K., Crawford, J.M., Stone, K.L., and Noga, E.J. (2005). Purification of a novel arthropod defensin from the American oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 338(4): 1998–2004.
Seo, Y., Cho, K.W., Rho, J.R., Shin, J., Kwon, B.M., Bok, S.H., and Song, J.I. (1996). Solandelactones AI, lactonized cyclopropyl oxylipins isolated from the hydroid Solanderia secunda. Tetrahedron. 52(32): 10583–10596.
Shaala, L.A., Youssef, D.T.A., Badr, J.M., Sulaiman, M., and Khedr, A. (2015). Bioactive secondary metabolites from the Red Sea marine Verongid sponge Suberea species. Mar. Drugs 13(4): 1621–1631.
Shahidi, F. (2004). Functional foods: Their role in health promotion and disease prevention. J. Food Sci. 69(5): R146–R149.
Shahidi, F., and Ambigaipalan, P. (2015). Novel functional food ingredients from marine sources. Curr. Opin. Food Sci. 2: 123–129.
Shahidi, F., and Brown, J.A. (1998). Carotenoid pigments in seafoods and aquaculture. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. 38(1): 1–67.
Shahidi, F., and Synowiecki, J. (1991). Isolation and characterization of nutrients and value-added products from snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) and shrimp (Pandalus borealis) processing discards. J. Agric. Food Chem. 39(8): 1527–1532.
Shahidi, F., and Zhong, Y. (2008). Bioactive peptides. J. AOAC Int. 91(4): 914–931.
Shahidi, F., Han, X.Q., and Synowiecki, J. (1995). Production and characteristics of protein hydrolysates from capelin (Mallotus villosus). Food Chem. 53(3): 285–293.
Shahidi, F., Varatharajan, V., Peng, H., and Senadheera, R. (2019). Utilization of marine by-products for the recovery of value-added products. J. Food Bioact. 6: 10–61.
Shamshina, J.L., Berton, P., and Rogers, R.D. (2019). Advances in functional chitin materials: a review. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 7(7): 6444–6457.
Shang, Q., Jiang, H., Cai, C., Hao, J., Li, G., and Yu, G. (2018). Gut microbiota fermentation of marine polysaccharides and its effects on intestinal ecology: An overview. Carbohydr. Polym. 179: 173–185.
Shang, X.H., Liu, X.Y., Zhang, J.P., Gao, Y., Jiao, B.H., Zheng, H., and Lu, X.L. (2014). Traditional Chinese Medicine - Sea Urchin. Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 14(6): 537–542.
Shanmugam, M., and Mody, K.H. (2000). Heparinoid-active sulphated polysaccharides from marine algae as potential blood anticoagulant agents. Curr. Sci. 79(12): 1672–1683.
Shao, C.L., Wang, C.Y., Gu, Y.C., Wei, M.Y., Pan, J.H., Deng, D.S., She, Z.G., and Lin, Y.C. (2010). Penicinoline, a new pyrrolyl 4-quinolinone alkaloid with an unprecedented ring system from an endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20(11): 3284–3286.
Sheih, I.C., Fang, T.J., Wu, T.K., and Lin, P.H. (2010). Anticancer and antioxidant activities of the peptide fraction from algae protein waste. J. Agric. food Chem. 58(2): 1202–1207.
Shen, Y.C., Chen, Y.H., Hwang, T.L., Guh, J.H., and Khalil, A.T. (2007). Four new briarane diterpenoids from the gorgonian coral Junceella fragilis. Helv. Chim. Acta. 90(7): 1391–1398.
Shen, Y.C., Lo, K.L., Chang, J.Y., Lin, Y.S., Mendbayar, K., Kuo, Y.H., and Lin, Y.C. (2010). New cytotoxic prostanoids from Taiwanese soft coral Clavularia viridis. Chem. Biodivers. 7(11): 2702–2708.
Shenkar, N., and Swalla, B.J. (2011). Global diversity of Ascidiacea. Plos One 6(6): e20657.
Sheu, J.H., Chao, C.H., Wang, G.H., Hung, K.C., Duh, C.Y., Chiang, M.Y., Wu, Y.C., and Wu, C.C. (2004). The first A-nor-hippuristanol and two novel 4, 5-secosuberosanoids from the Gorgonian Isis hippuris. Tetrahedron Lett. 45(34): 6413–6416.
Sheu, J.H., Hung, K.C., Wang, G.H., and Duh, C.Y. (2000). New cytotoxic sesquiterpenes from the gorgonian Isis hippuris. J. Nat. Prod. 63(12): 1603–1607.
Shibata, T., Fujimoto, K., Nagayama, K., Yamaguchi, K., and Nakamura, T. (2002). Inhibitory activity of brown algal phlorotannins against hyaluronidase. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 37(6): 703–709.
Shibata, T., Ishimaru, K., Kawaguchi, S., Yoshikawa, H., and Hama, Y. (2008). Antioxidant activities of phlorotannins isolated from Japanese Laminariaceae. J. Appl. Phycol. 20(5): 705.
Shim, S.Y., Choi, J.S., and Byun, D.S. (2009). Inhibitory effects of phloroglucinol derivatives isolated from Ecklonia stolonifera on FcεRI expression. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17(13): 4734–4739.
Shimizu, H., Koyama, T., Yamada, S., Lipton, S.A., and Satoh, T. (2015). Zonarol, a sesquiterpene from the brown algae Dictyopteris undulata, provides neuroprotection by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 457(4): 718–722.
Shin, D., Byun, W.S., Moon, K., Kwon, Y., Bae, M., Um, S., Lee, S.K., and Oh, D.C. (2018). Coculture of marine Streptomyces sp. with Bacillus sp. produces a new piperazic acid-bearing cyclic peptide. Front. Chem. 6: 498.
Shin, H.J., Rashid, M.A., Cartner, L.K., Bokesch, H.R., Wilson, J.A., McMahon, J.B., and Gustafson, K.R. (2015). Stellettapeptins A and B, HIV-inhibitory cyclic depsipeptides from the marine sponge Stelletta sp. Tetrahedron Lett. 56(28): 4215–4219.
Shin, J., and Fenical, W. (1991). Fuscosides AD: Anti-inflammatory diterpenoid glycosides of new structural classes from the caribbean gorgonian Eunicea fusca. J. Orga. Chem. 56(9): 3153–3158.
Shivale, N., Marar, T., Samant, M., and Harmalkar, M. (2018). Screening of Antioxidant Activity of marine bacteria isolated from marine soil obtained from North-West coastal region of India. Int. J. Biol. Pharm. Allied Sci. 7(3): 279–288.
Shoeib, N.A., Bibby, M.C., Blunden, G., Linley, P.A., Swaine, D.J., Wheelhouse, R.T., and Wright, C.W. (2004). In-vitro Cytotoxic Activities of the Major Bromophenols of the Red Alga Polysiphonia l anosa and Some Novel Synthetic Isomers. J. Nat. Prod. 67(9): 1445–1449.
Shubina, L.K., Makarieva, T.N., Denisenko, V.A., Popov, R.S., Dyshlovoy, S.A., Grebnev, B.B., Dmitrenok, P.S., von Amsberg, G., and Stonik, V.A. (2020). Gracilosulfates A–G, monosulfated polyoxygenated steroids from the marine sponge Haliclona gracilis. Mar. Drugs 18(9): 454.
Shubina, L.K., Makarieva, T.N., von Amsberg, G., Denisenko, V.A., Popov, R.S., and Dyshlovoy, S.A. (2019). Monanchoxymycalin C with anticancer properties, new analogue of crambescidin 800 from the marine sponge Monanchora pulchra. Nat. Prod. Res. 33(10): 1415–1422.
Sibiya, A., Jeyavani, J., Sivakamavalli, J., Ravi, C., Divya, M., and Vaseeharan, B. (2021). Bioactive compounds from various types of sea urchin and their therapeutic effects - A review. Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci. 44: 101760.
Siddharth, S., and Vittal, R.R. (2018). Evaluation of antimicrobial, enzyme inhibitory, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of partially purified volatile metabolites of marine Streptomyces sp. S2A. Microorganisms. 6(3): 72.
Sikorska, J., Hau, A.M., Anklin, C., Parker-Nance, S., Davies-Coleman, M.T., Ishmael, J.E., and McPhail, K.L. (2012). Mandelalides A–D, cytotoxic macrolides from a new Lissoclinum species of South African tunicate. J. Org. Chem. 77(14): 6066–6075.
Silchenko, A.S., Kalinovsky, A.I., Avilov, S.A., Kalinin, V.I., Andrijaschenko, P.V., Dmitrenok, P.S., Chingizova, E.A., Ermakova, S.P., Malyarenko, O.S., and Dautova, T.N. (2017). Nine new triterpene glycosides, magnumosides A1–A4, B1, B2, C1, C2 and C4, from the Vietnamese sea cucumber Neothyonidium (Massinium) magnum: Structures and activities against tumor cells independently and in synergy with radioactive irradiation. Mar. Drugs 15(8): 256.
Silva, T.M.A., Alves, L.G., De Queiroz, K.C.S., Santos, M.G.L., Marques, C.T., Chavante, S.F., Rocha, H.O.A., and Leite, E.L. (2005). Partial characterization and anticoagulant activity of a heterofucan from the brown seaweed Padina gymnospora. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 38(4): 523–533.
Šimat, V., Elabed, N., Kulawik, P., Ceylan, Z., Jamroz, E., Yazgan, H., Čagalj, M., Regenstein, J.M., and Özogul, F. (2020). Recent advances in marine-based nutraceuticals and their health benefits. Mar. Drugs 18(12): 627.
Simion, P., Philippe, H., Baurain, D., Jager, M., Richter, D.J., Di Franco, A., Roure, B., Satoh, N., Quéinnec, É., Ereskovsky, A., Lapébie, P., Corre, E., Delsuc, F., King, N., Wörheide, G., and Manuel, M. (2017). A Large and Consistent Phylogenomic Dataset Supports Sponges as the Sister Group to All Other Animals. Curr. Biol. 27(7): 958–967.
Simopoulos, A.P. (2009). Omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids: biological effects. World Rev. Nutr. Diet 99(1): 1–16.
Singh, D.K., and Ranjan, A. (2016). Comparative Study on Macro and Micro Nutrient Profiling of Selected Freshwater, Brackish Water and Marine Water Food Fishes Available in Kerala, India. Food Nutr. Sci. 4: 555569.
Sinthusamran, S., Benjakul, S., Kijroongrojana, K., Prodpran, T., and Agustini, T.W. (2018). Yield and chemical composition of lipids extracted from solid residues of protein hydrolysis of Pacific white shrimp cephalothorax using ultrasound-assisted extraction. Food Biosci. 26: 169–176.
Sirimangkalakitti, N., Chamni, S., Charupant, K., Chanvorachote, P., Mori, N., Saito, N., and Suwanborirux, K. (2016). Chemistry of Renieramycins. 15. Synthesis of 22-O-ester derivatives of jorunnamycin A and their cytotoxicity against non-small-cell lung cancer cells. J. Nat. Prod. 79(8): 2089–2093.
Siró, I., Kápolna, E., Kápolna, B., and Lugasi, A. (2008). Functional food. Product development, marketing and consumer acceptance - A review. Appetite 51(3): 456–467.
Sivagnanam, S.P., Yin, S., Choi, J.H., Park, Y.B., Woo, H.C., and Chun, B.S. (2015). Biological properties of fucoxanthin in oil recovered from two brown seaweeds using supercritical CO2 extraction. Mar. Drugs 13(6): 3422–3442.
Sivakumaran, G., Sharmila, D., Prabhu, K., Prasanth, K., Ram, M., Parijatham, S., Shriti, D., and Sundaram, R. (2020). The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry study of one Ayurvedic formulation, dantyarishtam. Drug Invent. Today. 13(5): 672–675.
Smoothey, A.F. (2013). Habitat-associations of turban snails on intertidal and subtidal rocky reefs. PLoS One 8(5): e61257.
Snelgrove, P.V.R. (2016). An ocean of discovery: Biodiversity beyond the census of marine life. Planta Med. 82(09/10): 790–799.
Soest, R.W.M.V., Boury-Esnault, N., Vacelet, J., Dohrmann, M., Erpenbeck, D., De Voogd, N.J., Santodomingo, N., Vanhoorne, B., Kelly, M., and Hooper, J.N.A. (2012). Global diversity of sponges (Porifera). PLoS One 7(4): e35105.
Soleimani, S., Moein, S., Yousefzadi, M., and Bioki, N.A. (2016). Determination of in vitro antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory effects and A-amylase inhibition of purple sea urchin extract of Echinometra mathaei from the Persian Gulf. Jundishapur J. Nat. Pharm. Prod. 12(3): e36547.
Somerville, M.J., Katavic, P.L., Lambert, L.K., Pierens, G.K., Blanchfield, J.T., Cimino, G., Mollo, E., Gavagnin, M., Banwell, M.G., and Garson, M.J. (2012). Isolation of thuridillins D–F, diterpene metabolites from the Australian sacoglossan mollusk Thuridilla splendens; relative configuration of the epoxylactone ring. J. Nat. Prod. 75(9): 1618–1624.
Song, J., Li, T., Cheng, X., Ji, X., Gao, D., Du, M., Jiang, N., Liu, X., and Mao, X. (2016). Sea cucumber peptides exert anti-inflammatory activity through suppressing NF-κB and MAPK and inducing HO-1 in RAW264. 7 macrophages. Food Funct. 7(6): 2773–2779.
Song, M.Y., Ku, S.K., and Han, J.S. (2012). Genotoxicity testing of low molecular weight fucoidan from brown seaweeds. Food Chem. Toxicol. 50(3-4): 790–796.
Song, Y., Jin, S.J., Cui, L.H., Ji, X.J., and Yang, F.G. (2013). Immunomodulatory effect of Stichopus japonicus acid mucopolysaccharide on experimental hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Molecules. 18(6): 7179–7193.
Sonnenschein, R.N., Farias, J.J., Tenney, K., Mooberry, S.L., Lobkovsky, E., Clardy, J., and Crews, P. (2004). A further study of the cytotoxic constituents of a milnamide-producing sponge. Org. Lett. 6(5): 779–782.
Sørensen, H.O. (2009). Marine phospholipids. Int. Aqua Feed. 12: 14–15.
Soundarapandian, P., Roy, S., and Varadharajan, D. (2014). Antioxidant activity in hard and soft shell crabs of Charybdis lucifera (Fabricius, 1798). J. Aquac. Res. Dev. 5(7): 1.
Sova, V.V., and Fedoreev, S.A. (1990). Metabolites from sponges as inhibitors of β-1, 3-glucanase. Chem. Nat. Compd. 26(4): 420–422.
Sowmya, R., Rathinaraj, K., and Sachindra, N.M. (2011). An autolytic process for recovery of antioxidant activity rich carotenoprotein from shrimp heads. Mar. Biotechnol. 13(5): 918–927.
Speitling, M., Smetanina, O.F., Kuznetsova, T.A., and Laatsch, H. (2007). Bromoalterochromides A and A′, unprecedented chromopeptides from a marine Pseudoalteromonas maricaloris strain KMM 636T. J. Antibiot. 60(1): 36–42.
Sran, K.S., Bisht, B., Mayilraj, S., and Choudhury, A.R. (2019). Structural characterization and antioxidant potential of a novel anionic exopolysaccharide produced by marine Microbacterium aurantiacum FSW-25. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 131: 343–352.
Srinivasan, H., Kanayairam, V., and Ravichandran, R. (2018). Chitin and chitosan preparation from shrimp shells Penaeus monodon and its human ovarian cancer cell line, PA-1. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 107: 662–667.
Stabili, L., Rizzo, L., Caprioli, R., Leone, A., and Piraino, S. (2021). Jellyfish Bioprospecting in the Mediterranean Sea: Antioxidant and Lysozyme-Like Activities from Aurelia coerulea (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) Extracts. Mar. Drugs 19(11): 619.
Steinert, G., Stauffer, C.H., Aas-Valleriani, N., Borchert, E., Bhushan, A., Campbell, A., De Mares, M.C., Costa, M., Gutleben, J., Knobloch, S., Lee, R.G., Munroe, S., Naik, D., Peters, E.E., Stokes, E., Wang, W., Einrsdottir, E., and Knobloch, S. (2018). BluePharmTrain: biology and biotechnology of marine sponges. Grand Challenges in Marine Biotechnology. Springer, pp. 505–553.
Stiger-Pouvreau, V., Bourgougnon, N., and Deslandes, E. (2016). Carbohydrates from seaweeds. Seaweed in health and disease prevention. Elsevier, pp. 223–274.
Stöhr, S., O'Hara, T.D., and Thuy, B. (2012). Global diversity of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Plos One 7(3): e31940.
Stout, E.P., Yu, L.C., and Molinski, T.F. (2012). Antifungal diterpene alkaloids from the Caribbean sponge Agelas citrina: Unified configurational assignments of agelasidines and agelasines. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2012(27): 5131–5135.
Stowe, S.D., Richards, J.J., Tucker, A.T., Thompson, R., Melander, C., and Cavanagh, J. (2011). Anti-biofilm compounds derived from marine sponges. Mar. Drugs 9(10): 2010–2035.
Štrukelj, B., Lenarčič, B., Gruden, K., Pungerčar, J., Rogelj, B., Turk, V., Bosch, D., and Jongsma, M.A. (2000). Equistatin, a protease inhibitor from the sea anemone Actinia equina, is composed of three structural and functional domains. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 269(3): 732–736.
Su, J.Y., Meng, Y.H., Zeng, L.M., Fu, X., and Schmitz, F.J. (1994). Stellettin A, a new triterpenoid pigment from the marine sponge Stelletta tenuis. J. Nat. Prod. 57(10): 1450–1451.
Subramaniam, S., Selvaduray, K.R., and Radhakrishnan, A.K. (2019). Bioactive Compounds: Natural Defense Against Cancer. Biomolecules 9(12): 758.
Suganya, V., and Asheeba, S. (2015). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of astaxanthin isolated from three varieties of crabs. Int. J. Recent Sci. Res. 6(10): 6753–6758.
Sugawara, T., Zaima, N., Yamamoto, A., Sakai, S., Noguchi, R., and Hirata, T. (2006). Isolation of sphingoid bases of sea cucumber cerebrosides and their cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 70(12): 2906–2912.
Sukmawati, F.M., Pratama, M., and Hasrwati, A. (2019). Potential of astaxanthin from asian tiger shrimp (Penaeus mondon) shell extract as an antibacterial and antiinflammatory. J. Glob. Pharma Technol. 11: 217–222.
Suleria, H.A.R., Gobe, G., Masci, P., and Osborne, S.A. (2016). Marine bioactive compounds and health promoting perspectives; innovation pathways for drug discovery. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 50: 44–55.
Suleria, H.A.R., Osborne, S., Masci, P., and Gobe, G. (2015). Marine-based nutraceuticals: An innovative trend in the food and supplement industries. Mar. Drugs 13(10): 6336–6351.
Sun, Z., Liu, J., Zeng, X., Huangfu, J., Jiang, Y., Wang, M., and Chen, F. (2011). Astaxanthin is responsible for antiglycoxidative properties of microalga Chlorella zofingiensis. Food Chem. 126(4): 1629–1635.
Sunassee, S.N., Ransom, T., Henrich, C.J., Beutler, J.A., Covell, D.G., McMahon, J.B., and Gustafson, K.R. (2014). Steroidal alkaloids from the marine sponge Corticium niger that inhibit growth of human colon carcinoma cells. J. Nat. Prod. 77(11): 2475–2480.
Suntornchashwej, S., Chaichit, N., Isobe, M., and Suwanborirux, K. (2005). Hectochlorin and Morpholine Derivatives from the Thai Sea Hare, Bursatella l eachii. J. Nat. Prod. 68(6): 951–955.
Suntornchashwej, S., Suwanborirux, K., Koga, K., and Isobe, M. (2007). Malyngamide X: The first (7R)-lyngbic acid that connects to a new tripeptide backbone from the Thai sea hare Bursatella leachii. Chem. Asian J. 2(1): 114–122.
Suput, D., Frangez, R., and Bunc, M. (2001). Cardiovascular effects of equinatoxin Ⅲ from the sea anemone Actinia equina (L. ). Toxicon 39: 1421–1427.
Tabakmakher, K.M., Denisenko, V.A., Guzii, A.G., Dmitrenok, P.S., Dyshlovoy, S.A., Lee, H.S., and Makarieva, T.N. (2013). Monanchomycalin C, a new pentacyclic guanidine alkaloid from the Far-Eastern marine sponge Monanchora pulchra. Nat. Prod. Commun. 8(10): 1399–1402.
Tabakmakher, K.M., Makarieva, T.N., Denisenko, V.A., Guzii, A.G., Dmitrenok, P.S., Kuzmich, A.S., and Stonik, V.A. (2015). Normonanchocidins A, B and D, new pentacyclic guanidine alkaloids from the Far-Eastern marine sponge Monanchora pulchra. Nat. Prod. Commun. 10(6): 913–916.
Tabudravu, J.N., and Jaspars, M. (2002). Purealidin S and purpuramine J, bromotyrosine alkaloids from the Fijian marine sponge Druinella sp. J. Nat. Prod. 65(12): 1798–1801.
Takekawa, Y., Matsunaga, S., van Soest, R.W.M., and Fusetani, N. (2006). Amphimedosides, 3-alkylpyridine glycosides from a marine sponge Amphimedon sp. J. Nat. Prod. 69(10): 1503–1505.
Tang, W.Z., Yang, Z.Z., Sun, F., Wang, S.P., Yang, F., and Lin, H.W. (2016). Leucanone A and naamine J, glycerol ether lipid and imidazole alkaloid from the marine sponge Leucandra sp. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 19(7): 691–696.
Tang, W.Z., Yang, Z.Z., Sun, F., Wang, S.P., Yang, F., Jiao, W.H., and Lin, H.W. (2019). (−)-Calcaridine B, a new chiral aminoimidazole-containing alkaloid from the marine sponge Leucetta chagosensis. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 21(11): 1123–1128.
Tanna, B., and Mishra, A. (2019). Nutraceutical potential of seaweed polysaccharides: Structure, bioactivity, safety, and toxicity. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 18(3): 817–831.
Tanna, B., Brahmbhatt, H.R., and Mishra, A. (2019). Phenolic, flavonoid, and amino acid compositions reveal that selected tropical seaweeds have the potential to be functional food ingredients. J. Food Process. Preserv. 43(12): e14266.
Tanna, B., Choudhary, B., and Mishra, A. (2018). Metabolite profiling, antioxidant, scavenging and anti-proliferative activities of selected tropical green seaweeds reveal the nutraceutical potential of Caulerpa spp. Algal Res. 36: 96–105.
Tarazona, G., Santamaría, G., Cruz, P.G., Fernández, R., Pérez, M., Martínez-Leal, J.F., Rodríguez, J., Jiménez, C., and Cuevas, C. (2017). Cytotoxic anomoian B and aplyzanzine B, new bromotyrosine alkaloids from Indonesian sponges. ACS Omega 2(7): 3494–3501.
Targett, N.M., Bishop, S.S., McConnell, O.J., and Yoder, J.A. (1983). Antifouling agents against the benthic marine diatom, Navicula salinicola Homarine from the gorgonians Leptogorgia virgulata and L. setacea and analogs. J. Chem. Ecol. 9(7): 817–829.
Tarui, A., Shibata, K., Takahashi, S., Kera, Y., Munegumi, T., and Yamada, R.H. (2003). N-methyl-D-glutamate and N-methyl-L-glutamate in Scapharca broughtonii (Mollusca) and other invertebrates. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. 134(1): 79–87.
Tasdemir, D., Bugni, T.S., Mangalindan, G.C., Concepción, G.P., Harper, M.K., and Ireland, C.M. (2002). Cytotoxic bromoindole derivatives and terpenes from the Philippine marine sponge Smenospongia sp. Z. Naturforsch. C. 57(9-10): 914–922.
Taufa, T., Singh, A.J., Harland, C.R., Patel, V., Jones, B., Halafihi, T.I., Miller, J.H., Keyzers, R.A., and Northcote, P.T. (2018). Zampanolides B–E from the marine sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis: potent cytotoxic macrolides with microtubule-stabilizing activity. J. Nat. Prod. 81(11): 2539–2544.
Taylor, M.W., Radax, R., Steger, D., and Wagner, M. (2007). Sponge-associated microorganisms: evolution, ecology, and biotechnological potential. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 71(2): 295–347.
Technau, U., and Steele, R.E. (2011). Evolutionary crossroads in developmental biology: Cnidaria. Development 138(8): 1447–1458.
Technau, U., Genikhovich, G., and Kraus, J.E.M. (2015). Cnidaria. Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 1. Springer, pp. 115–163.
Thale, Z., Johnson, T., Tenney, K., Wenzel, P.J., Lobkovsky, E., Clardy, J., Media, J., Pietraszkiewicz, H., Valeriote, F.A., and Crews, P. (2002). Structures and cytotoxic properties of sponge-derived bisannulated acridines. J. Org. Chem. 67(26): 9384–9391.
Thangaraj, S., Bragadeeswaran, S., and Gokula, V. (2019). Bioactive compounds of sea anemones: A review. Int. J. Pept. Res. Ther. 25(4): 1405–1416.
Thoms, C., Horn, M., Wagner, M., Hentschel, U., and Proksch, P. (2003). Monitoring microbial diversity and natural product profiles of the sponge Aplysina cavernicola following transplantation. Mar. Biol. 142(4): 685–692.
Tian, Y., Hu, S., Xu, H., Wang, J., Xue, C., and Wang, Y. (2016). Long-chain bases from Cucumaria frondosa inhibit adipogenesis and regulate lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 25(6): 1753–1760.
Tilami, S.K., and Sampels, S. (2018). Nutritional value of fish: lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquac. 26(2): 243–253.
Tilvi, S., Moriou, C., Martin, M.T., Gallard, J.F., Sorres, J., Patel, K., Petek, S., Debitus, C., Ermolenko, L., and Al-Mourabit, A. (2010). Agelastatin E, agelastatin F, and benzosceptrin C from the marine sponge Agelas dendromorpha. J. Nat. Prod. 73(4): 720–723.
Tomono, Y., Hirota, H., and Fusetani, N. (1999). Isogosterones A− D, Antifouling 13, 17-Seco steroids from an Octocoral Dendronephthya sp. J. Org. Chem. 64(7): 2272–2275.
Topcu, G., Aydogmus, Z., Imre, S., Gören, A.C., Pezzuto, J.M., Clement, J.A., and Kingston, D.G.I. (2003). Brominated Sesquiterpenes from the Red Alga Laurencia o btusa. J. Nat. Prod. 66(11): 1505–1508.
Torres, Y.R., Berlinck, R.G., Nascimento, G.G., Fortier, S.C., Pessoa, C., and de Moraes, M.O. (2002). Antibacterial activity against resistant bacteria and cytotoxicity of four alkaloid toxins isolated from the marine sponge Arenosclera brasiliensis. Toxicon 40(7): 885–891.
Tran, T.D., Cartner, L.K., Bokesch, H.R., Henrich, C.J., Wang, X.W., Mahidol, C., Ruchirawat, S., Kittakoop, P., O'Keefe, B.R., and Gustafson, K.R. (2019). NMR characterization of rearranged staurosporine aglycone analogues from the marine sponge Damiria sp. Magn. Reson. Chem. 59(5): 534–539.
Tran, T.D., Pham, N.B., Fechner, G.A., Hooper, J.N.A., and Quinn, R.J. (2014). Potent cytotoxic peptides from the Australian marine sponge Pipestela candelabra. Mar. Drugs 12(6): 3399–3415.
Tremblay, A., Corcuff, R., Goulet, C., Godefroy, S.B., Doyen, A., and Beaulieu, L. (2020). Valorization of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) cooking effluents for food applications. J. Sci. Food Agric. 100(1): 384–393.
Treschow, A.P., Hodges, L.D., Wright, P.F.A., Wynne, P.M., Kalafatis, N., and Macrides, T.A. (2007). Novel anti-inflammatory ω-3 PUFAs from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B, Biochem. Mol. Biol. 147(4): 645–656.
Tsai, T.C., Chen, H.Y., Sheu, J.H., Chiang, M.Y., Wen, Z.H., Dai, C.F., and Su, J.H. (2015). Structural elucidation and structure–Anti-inflammatory activity relationships of cembranoids from cultured soft corals Sinularia sandensis and Sinularia flexibilis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 63(32): 7211–7218.
Tseng, C.K. (2001). Algal biotechnology industries and research activities in China. J. Appl. Phycol. 13(4): 375–380.
Tsuda, M., Sakuma, Y., and Kobayashi, J.I. (2001). Suberedamines A and B, new bromotyrosine alkaloids from a sponge Suberea species. J. Nat. Prod. 64(7): 980–982.
Tsukamoto, S., Kawabata, T., Kato, H., Ohta, T., Rotinsulu, H., Mangindaan, R.E.P., Van Soest, R.W.M., Ukai, K., Kobayashi, H., and Namikoshi, M. (2007). Naamidines H and I, cytotoxic imidazole alkaloids from the Indonesian marine sponge Leucetta chagosensis. J. Nat. Prod. 70(10): 1658–1660.
Tsukamoto, S., Takahashi, M., Matsunaga, S., Fusetani, N., and Van Soest, R.W.M. (2000). Hachijodines A-G: seven new cytotoxic 3-alkylpyridine alkaloids from two marine sponges of the Genera Xestospongia and Amphimedon. J. Nat. Prod. 63(5): 682–684.
Tsukamoto, S., Yamanokuchi, R., Yoshitomi, M., Sato, K., Ikeda, T., Rotinsulu, H., Mangindaan, R.E.P., De Voogd, N.J., Van Soest, R.W.M., and Yokosawa, H. (2010). Aaptamine, an alkaloid from the sponge Aaptos suberitoides, functions as a proteasome inhibitor. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20(11): 3341–3343.
Turk, T., and Kem, W.R. (2009). The phylum Cnidaria and investigations of its toxins and venoms until 1990. Toxicon 54(8): 1031–1037.
Uddin, M.H., Hanif, N., Trianto, A., Agarie, Y., Higa, T., and Tanaka, J. (2011). Four new polyoxygenated gorgosterols from the gorgonian Isis hippuris. Nat. Prod. Res. 25(6): 585–591.
Uddin, M.H., Otsuka, M., Muroi, T., Ono, A., Hanif, N., Matsuda, S., Higa, T., and Tanaka, J. (2009). Deoxymanoalides from the nudibranch Chromodoris willani. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 57(8): 885–887.
Ulven, S.M., Kirkhus, B., Lamglait, A., Basu, S., Elind, E., Haider, T., Berge, K., Vik, H., and Pedersen, J.I. (2011). Metabolic effects of krill oil are essentially similar to those of fish oil but at lower dose of EPA and DHA, in healthy volunteers. Lipids. 46(1): 37–46.
Undeland, I., Lindqvist, H., Chen-Yun, Y., Falch, E., Ramel, A., Cooper, M., Gildberg, A., Luten, J., Stenberg, E., Nielsen, H.H., and Elvevoll, E. (2009). Seafood and health: What is the full story. Mar. Funct. Food. 1: 17–87.
Urbano, M.G., and Goñi, I. (2002). Bioavailability of nutrients in rats fed on edible seaweeds, Nori (Porphyra tenera) and Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida), as a source of dietary fibre. Food Chem. 76(3): 281–286.
Usher, K.M., Fromont, J., Sutton, D.C., and Toze, S. (2004). The biogeography and phylogeny of unicellular cyanobacterial symbionts in sponges from Australia and the Mediterranean. Microb. Ecol. 48(2): 167–177.
Usydus, Z., Polak-Juszczak, L., Dobrzanski, Z., and Malesa-Ciecwierz, M. (2007). Study on the nutritive value of raw fish oils. Polish J. Food Nutr. Sci. 57(4C): 593–596.
Utkina, N., Likhatskaya, G., Malyarenko, O., Ermakova, S., Balabanova, L., Slepchenko, L., and Bakunina, I. (2021). Effects of Sponge-Derived Alkaloids on Activities of the Bacterial α-D-Galactosidase and Human Cancer Cell α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase. Biomedicines 9(5): 510.
Vagias, C., Tsitsimpikou, C., Rapti, T., and Roussis, V. (2000). 1, 1′-Dimethyl-[2, 2′]-bipyridyldiium salt from the bivalve Callista chione. Nat. Prod. Lett. 14(6): 425–428.
Vala, A.K., Sachaniya, B., Dudhagara, D., Panseriya, H.Z., Gosai, H., Rawal, R., and Dave, B.P. (2018). Characterization of L-asparaginase from marine-derived Aspergillus niger AKV-MKBU, its antiproliferative activity and bench scale production using industrial waste. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 108: 41–46.
Välimaa, A.L., Mäkinen, S., Mattila, P., Marnila, P., Pihlanto, A., Mäki, M., and Hiidenhovi, J. (2019). Fish and fish side streams are valuable sources of high-value components. Food Qual. Saf. 3(4): 209–226.
Varijakzhan, D., Loh, J.Y., Yap, W.S., Yusoff, K., Seboussi, R., Lim, S.H.E., Lai, K.S., and Chong, C.M. (2021). bioactive compounds from marine sponges: Fundamentals and applications. Mar. Drugs 19(5): 246.
Vasconcelos, A.A., Sucupira, I.D., Guedes, A.L., Queiroz, I.N., Frattani, F.S., Fonseca, R.J., and Pomin, V.H. (2018). Anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties of three structurally correlated sea urchin sulfated glycans and their low-molecular-weight derivatives. Mar. Drugs 16(9): 304.
Vasudeva, S., Squillante, A., and Tholen, J. (2017). Nutritional Supplementation and Nutraceuticals as Used in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and their Ability to Alter Mechanical Properties of Cartilage. EC Nutr. 9: 6–14.
Veis, A., Barss, J., Dahl, T., Rahima, M., and Stock, S. (2002). Mineral-related proteins of sea urchin teeth: Lytechinus variegatus. Microsc. Res. Tech. 59(5): 342–351.
Verbitski, S.M., Mullally, J.E., Fitzpatrick, F.A., and Ireland, C.M. (2004). Punaglandins, chlorinated prostaglandins, function as potent Michael receptors to inhibit ubiquitin isopeptidase activity. J. Med. Chem. 47(8): 2062–2070.
Vestland, T.L., Jacobsen, Ø., Sande, S.A., Myrset, A.H., and Klaveness, J. (2016). Characterization of omega-3 tablets. Food Chem. 197: 496–502.
Vidanarachchi, J.K., Iji, P.A., Mikkelsen, L.L., Sims, I., and Choct, M. (2009). Isolation and characterization of water-soluble prebiotic compounds from Australian and New Zealand plants. Carbohydr. Polym. 77(3): 670–676.
Vieira, V., Prieto, M.A., Barros, L., Coutinho, J.A.P., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., and Ferreira, O. (2018). Enhanced extraction of phenolic compounds using choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents from Juglans regia L. Ind. Crops Prod. 115: 261–271.
Viskari, P.J., and Colyer, C.L. (2003). Rapid extraction of phycobiliproteins from cultured cyanobacteria samples. Anal. Biochem. 319(2): 263–271.
Vitali, A. (2018). Antimicrobial peptides derived from marine sponges. Am. J. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. 1(1): 1006.
Voultsiadou, E. (2010). Therapeutic properties and uses of marine invertebrates in the ancient Greek world and early Byzantium. J. Ethnopharmacol. 130(2): 237–247.
Wang, C.H., Doan, C.T., Nguyen, V.B., Nguyen, A.D., and Wang, S.L. (2019a). Reclamation of fishery processing waste: A mini-review. Molecules. 24(12): 2234.
Wang, C., Fan, Q., Zhang, X., Lu, X., Xu, Y., Zhu, W., Zhang, J., Hao, W., and Hao, L. (2018a). Isolation, characterization, and pharmaceutical applications of an exopolysaccharide from Aerococcus Uriaeequi. Mar. Drugs 16(9): 337.
Wang, G. (2006). Diversity and biotechnological potential of the sponge-associated microbial consortia. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 33(7): 545–551.
Wang, J.J., Chen, Z.Q., and Lu, W.Q. (2012a). Hypoglycemic effect of astaxanthin from shrimp waste in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Med. Chem. Res. 21(9): 2363–2367.
Wang, J., Hu, S., Jiang, W., Song, W., Cai, L., and Wang, J. (2016). Fucoidan from sea cucumber may improve hepatic inflammatory response and insulin resistance in mice. Int. Immunopharmacol. 31: 15–23.
Wang, J., Zheng, J., Huang, C., Zhao, J., Lin, J., Zhou, X., Naman, C.B., Wang, N., Gerwick, W.H., Wang, Q., Yan, X., Cui, W., and He, S. (2018b). Eckmaxol, a phlorotannin extracted from Ecklonia maxima, produces anti-β-amyloid oligomer neuroprotective effects possibly via directly acting on glycogen synthase kinase 3β. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 9(6): 1349–1356.
Wang, L., Li, C., Yu, G., Sun, Z., Zhang, G., Gu, Q., Zhu, T., Che, Q., Guan, H., and Li, D. (2019b). Dicitrinones E and F, citrinin dimers from the marine derived fungus Penicillium citrinum HDN-152-088. Tetrahedron Lett. 60(44): 151182.
Wang, Q., Wu, X., Long, X., Zhu, W., Ma, T., and Cheng, Y. (2018c). Nutritional quality of different grades of adult male Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. J. Food Sci. Technol. 55(3): 944–955.
Wang, Q., Xue, C.H., Xu, J., and Li, Z.J. (2012b). Determination of phospholipids in egg/gonad from several aqutic products by HPLCELSD. Anal. Ins. 5: 18–22.
Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Wang, M., Tan, Y., Hu, X., He, H., Xiao, C., You, X., Wang, Y., and Gan, M. (2017a). Neo-actinomycins A and B, natural actinomycins bearing the 5H-oxazolo [4, 5-b] phenoxazine chromophore, from the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. IMB094. Sci. Rep. 7(1): 1–8.
Wang, R., Wang, J.J., Guo, X., Li, Y., Wu, Y., Liu, H., and Zhao, Y. (2022). Physicochemical and functional properties of the Antarctic krill proteins modified by succinylation. LWT. 154: 112832.
Wang, W., Liao, Y., Chen, R., Hou, Y., Ke, W., Zhang, B., Gao, M., Shao, Z., Chen, J., and Li, F. (2018d). Chlorinated azaphilone pigments with antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities isolated from the deep sea derived fungus Chaetomium sp. NA-S01-R1. Mar. Drugs 16(2): 61.
Wang, X., Morinaka, B.I., and Molinski, T.F. (2014a). Structures and solution conformational dynamics of stylissamides G and H from the Bahamian sponge Stylissa caribica. J. Nat. Prod. 77(3): 625–630.
Wang, X., Yu, H., Xing, R., and Li, P. (2017b). Characterization, preparation, and purification of marine bioactive peptides. BioMed Res. Int. 2017: 9746720.
Wang, X., Zhang, Z., Zhang, S., Yang, F., Yang, M., Zhou, J., Hu, Z., Xu, X., Mao, G., Chen, G., Xiang, W., Sun, X., and Chen, G. (2021). Antiaging compounds from marine organisms. Food Res. Int. 143: 110313.
Wang, Y., Tang, X., Shao, Z., Ren, J., Liu, D., Proksch, P., and Lin, W. (2014b). Indole-based alkaloids from deep-sea bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans with antitumor activities. J. Antibiot. 67(5): 395–399.
Watanabe, K., Sekine, M., Takahashi, H., and Iguchi, K. (2001). New Halogenated Marine Prostanoids with Cytotoxic Activity from the Okinawan Soft Coral Clavularia v iridis. J. Nat. Prod. 64(11): 1421–1425.
Watanabe, M., Fuda, H., Jin, S., Sakurai, T., Ohkawa, F., Hui, S.P., Takeda, S., Watanabe, T., Koike, T., and Chiba, H. (2012). Isolation and characterization of a phenolic antioxidant from the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). J. Agric. Food Chem. 60(3): 830–835.
Watters, D.J. (2018). Ascidian toxins with potential for drug development. Mar. Drugs 16(5): 162.
Wehrl, M., Steinert, M., and Hentschel, U. (2007). Bacterial uptake by the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba. Microb. Ecol. 53(2): 355–365.
Wei, X., Hu, X., Yu, R., Wan, S., and Jiang, T. (2020). Efficient Total Synthesis of Lissodendrin B, 2-Aminoimidazole Marine Alkaloids Isolated from Lissodendoryx (Acanthodoryx) fibrosa. Mar. Drugs 18(1): 36.
Wei, X., Nieves, K., and Rodríguez, A.D. (2010a). Neopetrosiamine A, biologically active bis-piperidine alkaloid from the Caribbean sea sponge Neopetrosia proxima. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20(19): 5905–5908.
Wei, X., Rodríguez, A.D., Baran, P., and Raptis, R.G. (2010b). Dolabellane-type diterpenoids with antiprotozoan activity from a southwestern Caribbean gorgonian octocoral of the genus Eunicea. J. Nat. Prod. 73(5): 925–934.
Wei, X., Rodriguez, I.I., Rodriguez, A.D., and Barnes, C.L. (2007). Caribenols A and B, sea whip derived norditerpenes with novel tricarbocyclic skeletons. J. Org. Chem. 72(19): 7386–7389.
Weisz, J.B., Lindquist, N., and Martens, C.S. (2008). Do associated microbial abundances impact marine demosponge pumping rates and tissue densities. Oecologia. 155(2): 367–376.
Wells, M.L., Potin, P., Craigie, J.S., Raven, J.A., Merchant, S.S., Helliwell, K.E., Smith, A.G., Camire, M.E., and Brawley, S.H. (2017). Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding. J. Appl. Phycol. 29(2): 949–982.
Wen, J., Hu, C., and Fan, S. (2010). Chemical composition and nutritional quality of sea cucumbers. J. Sci. Food Agric. 90(14): 2469–2474.
Wessels, M., König, G.M., and Wright, A.D. (2000). New Natural Product Isolation and Comparison of the Secondary Metabolite Content of Three Distinct Samples of the Sea Hare Aplysia d actylomela from Tenerife. J. Nat. Prod. 63(7): 920–928.
White, A.M., Dao, K., Vrubliauskas, D., Konst, Z.A., Pierens, G.K., Mándi, A., Andrews, K.T., Skinner-Adams, T.S., Clarke, M.E., Narbutas, P.T., Sim, D.C., Cheney, K.L., Kurtán, T., Garson, M.J., and Narbutas, P.T. (2017). Catalyst-controlled stereoselective synthesis secures the structure of the antimalarial isocyanoterpene pustulosaisonitrile-1. J. Org. Chem. 82(24): 13313–13323.
Whittaker, M.H., Frankos, V.H., Wolterbeek, A.M.P., and Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (2000). Effects of dietary phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis: clinical and experimental evidence. Am. J. Med. 109(7): 600–601.
Wijesekara, I., and Kim, S.K. (2010). Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors from marine resources: Prospects in the pharmaceutical industry. Mar. Drugs 8(4): 1080–1093.
Wilson, M.C., Mori, T., Rückert, C., Uria, A.R., Helf, M.J., Takada, K., Gernert, C., Steffens, U.A., Heycke, N., Schmitt, S., Rinke, C., Helfrich, E.J., Brachmann, A.O., Gurgui, C., Wakimoto, T., Kracht, M., Crüsemann, M., Hentschel, U., Abe, I., Matsunaga, S., Kalinowski, J., Takeyama, H., and Schmitt, S. (2014). An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire. Nature 506(7486): 58–62.
Wu, M.J., Wang, H., Jiang, C.S., and Guo, Y.W. (2020). New cembrane-type diterpenoids from the South China Sea soft coral Sinularia crassa and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Bioorg. Chem. 104: 104281.
Wu, N., Luo, J., Jiang, B., Wang, L., Wang, S., Wang, C., Fu, C., Li, J., and Shi, D. (2015). Marine bromophenol bis (2, 3-dibromo-4, 5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methane inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via modulating β1-integrin/FAK signaling. Mar. Drugs 13(2): 1010–1025.
Wu, Y.H., Zhang, Z.H., Zhong, Y., Huang, J.J., Li, X.X., Jiang, J.Y., Deng, Y.Y., Zhang, L.H., and He, F. (2017). Sumalactones A–D, four new curvularin-type macrolides from a marine deep sea fungus Penicillium Sumatrense. RSC Adv. 7(63): 40015–40019.
Wu, Y., Liu, L., Chen, H.F., Jiao, W.H., Sun, F., Liu, L.Y., Zhu, H.R., Wang, S.P., and Lin, H.W. (2019). Fuscasins A–D, cycloheptapeptides from the marine sponge Phakellia fusca. J. Nat. Prod. 82(4): 970–979.
Wu, Z., Liu, D., Huang, J., Proksch, P., Zhu, K., and Lin, W. (2018). Hansforesters A–M, polyesters from the sponge-associated fungus Hansfordia sinuosae with antibacterial activities. RSC Adv. 8(69): 39756–39768.
Wu, Z., Liu, D., Proksch, P., Guo, P., and Lin, W. (2014). Punctaporonins H–M: caryophyllene-type sesquiterpenoids from the sponge-associated fungus Hansfordia sinuosae. Mar. Drugs 12(7): 3904–3916.
Xia, J.M., Miao, Z., Xie, C.L., Zhang, J.W., and Yang, X.W. (2020). Chemical constituents and bioactivities of starfishes: An update. Chem. Biodivers. 17(1): e1900638.
Xie, C.L., Xia, J.M., Wang, J.S., Lin, D.H., and Yang, X.W. (2018). Metabolomic investigations on Nesterenkonia flava revealed significant differences between marine and terrestrial actinomycetes. Mar. Drugs 16(10): 356.
Xu, C., Zhang, R., and Wen, Z. (2018). Bioactive compounds and biological functions of sea cucumbers as potential functional foods. J. Funct. Foods 49: 73–84.
Xu, F., Wang, F., Wang, Z., Lv, W., Wang, W., and Wang, Y. (2016). Glucose uptake activities of bis (2, 3-dibromo-4, 5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether, a novel marine natural product from red alga odonthaliacorymbifera with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b inhibition, in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 11(1): e0147748.
Xu, J., Wang, Y.M., Feng, T.Y., Zhang, B., Sugawara, T., and Xue, C.H. (2011a). Isolation and anti-fatty liver activity of a novel cerebroside from the sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 75(8): 1466–1471.
Xu, M., Andrews, K.T., Birrell, G.W., Tran, T.L., Camp, D., Davis, R.A., and Quinn, R.J. (2011b). Psammaplysin H, a new antimalarial bromotyrosine alkaloid from a marine sponge of the genus Pseudoceratina. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 21(2): 846–848.
Xu, P., Ding, L., Wei, J., Li, Q., Gui, M., He, X., Su, D., He, S., and Jin, H. (2020). A new aquatic pathogen inhibitor produced by the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. LS116. Aquaculture 520: 734670.
Xue, D.Q., Mao, S.C., Yu, X.Q., and Guo, Y.W. (2013). Isomalabaricane triterpenes with potent protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibition from the Hainan sponge Stelletta sp. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 49: 101–106.
Ya, T., Simpson, B.K., Ramaswamy, H., Yaylayan, V., Smith, J.P., and Hudon, C. (1991). Carotenoproteins from lobster waste as a potential feed supplement for cultured salmonids. Food Biotechnol. 5(2): 87–93.
Yabe, T., Yamada, H., Shimomura, M., Miyaoka, H., and Yamada, Y. (2000). Induction of Choline Acetyltransferase Activity in Cholinergic Neurons by Stolonidiol: Structure − Activity Relationship. J. Nat. Prod. 63(4): 433–435.
Yahyavi, M., Afkhami, M., Javadi, A., Ehsanpour, M., Khazaali, A., and Mokhlesi, A. (2012). Fatty acid composition in two sea cucumber species, Holothuria scabra and Holothuria leucospilata from Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf). Afr. J. Biotechnol. 11(12): 2862–2668.
Yamada, K., Ojika, M., Ishigaki, T., Yoshida, Y., Ekimoto, H., and Arakawa, M. (1993). Aplyronine A, a potent antitumor substance and the congeners aplyronines B and C isolated from the sea hare Aplysia kurodai. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115(23): 11020–11021.
Yamada, K., Tanabe, K., Miyamoto, T., Kusumoto, T., Inagaki, M., and Higuchi, R. (2008). Isolation and structure of a monomethylated ganglioside possessing neuritogenic activity from the ovary of the sea urchin Diadema setosum. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 56(5): 734–737.
Yamashita, A., Fujimoto, Y., Tamaki, M., Setiawan, A., Tanaka, T., Okuyama-Dobashi, K., Kasai, H., Watashi, K., Wakita, T., and Toyama, M. (2015). Identification of antiviral agents targeting hepatitis B virus promoter from extracts of Indonesian marine organisms by a novel cell-based screening assay. Mar. Drugs 13(11): 6759–6773.
Yan, X., Chuda, Y., Suzuki, M., and Nagata, T. (1999). Fucoxanthin as the major antioxidant in Hijikia fusiformis, a common edible seaweed. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 63(3): 605–607.
Yan, X., Yang, C., Lin, G., Chen, Y., Miao, S., Liu, B., and Zhao, C. (2019). Antidiabetic potential of green seaweed Enteromorpha prolifera flavonoids regulating insulin signaling pathway and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic mice. J. Food Aci. 84(1): 165–173.
Yang, X.W., Zhang, G.Y., Ying, J.X., Yang, B., Zhou, X.F., Steinmetz, A., Liu, Y.H., and Wang, N. (2013). Isolation, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of 3-((6-Methylpyrazin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indole, a New Alkaloid from a Deep-Sea-Derived Actinomycete Serinicoccus profundi sp. nov. Mar. Drugs 11: 33–39.
Yano, A., Abe, A., Aizawa, F., Yamada, H., Minami, K., Matsui, M., and Kishi, M. (2013). The effect of eating sea cucumber jelly on Candida load in the oral cavity of elderly individuals in a nursing home. Mar. Drugs 11(12): 4993–5007.
Yao, G., Kondratyuk, T.P., Tan, G.T., Pezzuto, J.M., and Chang, L.C. (2009). Bioactive sulfated sesterterpene alkaloids and sesterterpene sulfates from the marine sponge Fasciospongia sp. J. Nat. Prod. 72(2): 319–323.
Yao, J.I., Zhao, Y.L., Wang, Q., Zhou, Z.L., Hu, X.C., Duan, X.W., and An, C.G. (2006). Biochemical compositions and digestive enzyme activities during the embryonic development of prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquaculture 253(1-4): 573–582.
Ye, J., Shen, C., Huang, Y., Zhang, X., and Xiao, M. (2017). Anti-fatigue activity of sea cucumber peptides prepared from Stichopus japonicus in an endurance swimming rat model. J. Sci. Food Agric. 97(13): 4548–4556.
Yeung, B.K.S., Nakao, Y., Kinnel, R.B., Carney, J.R., Yoshida, W.Y., Scheuer, P.J., and Kelly-Borges, M. (1996). The kapakahines, cyclic peptides from the marine sponge Cribrochalina olemda. J. Org. Chem. 61(20): 7168–7173.
Yoon, J.S., Kasin Yadunandam, A., Kim, S.J., Woo, H.C., Kim, H.R., and Kim, G.D. (2013). Dieckol, isolated from Ecklonia stolonifera, induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells. J. Nat. Med. 67(3): 519–527.
Yoon, N.Y., Xie, C., Shim, K.B., Kim, Y.K., Lee, D.S., and Yoon, H.D. (2011). Antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of antarctic Krill Eupausia superba. Fish. Aquatic Sci. 14(4): 289–293.
Yoshie, Y., Wang, W., Petillo, D., and Suzuki, T. (2000). Distribution of catechins in Japanese seaweeds. Fish. Sci. 66(5): 998–1000.
Younes, I., Hajji, S., Frachet, V., Rinaudo, M., Jellouli, K., and Nasri, M. (2014). Chitin extraction from shrimp shell using enzymatic treatment. Antitumor, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of chitosan. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 69: 489–498.
Youssef, D.T.A. (2005). Hyrtioerectines A− C, Cytotoxic Alkaloids from the Red Sea Sponge Hyrtios e rectus. J. Nat. Prod. 68(9): 1416–1419.
Youssef, D.T.A., Shaala, L.A., Mohamed, G.A., Badr, J.M., Bamanie, F.H., and Ibrahim, S.R.M. (2014). Theonellamide G, a potent antifungal and cytotoxic bicyclic glycopeptide from the Red Sea marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Mar. Drugs 12(4): 1911–1923.
Yu, H.B., Yin, Z.F., Gu, B.B., Zhang, J.P., Wang, S.P., Yang, F., and Lin, H.W. (2019). Cytotoxic Meroterpenoids from the Marine Sponge Dactylospongia elegans. Nat. Prod. Res. 35(10): 1620–1626.
Yu, P., and Gu, H. (2015). Bioactive substances from marine fishes, shrimps, and algae and their functions: present and future. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 55(8): 1114–1136.
Yuan, H., Ma, Q., Ye, L., and Piao, G. (2016). The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products. Molecules. 21(5): 559.
Zakaria, S.M., and Kamal, S.M.M. (2016). Subcritical water extraction of bioactive compounds from plants and algae: applications in pharmaceutical and food ingredients. Food Eng. Rev. 8(1): 23–34.
Zaku, S.G., Aguzue, S.E.O., and Thomas, S.A. (2011). Extraction and characterization of chitin; a functional biopolymer obtained from scales of common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio L. ): A lesser known source. Afr. J. Food Sci. 5(8): 478–483.
Zhang, B., Xue, C., Hu, X., Xu, J., Li, Z., Wang, J., Yanagita, T., Xue, Y., and Wang, Y. (2012a). Dietary sea cucumber cerebroside alleviates orotic acid-induced excess hepatic adipopexis in rats. Lipids Health Dis. 11(1): 1–9.
Zhang, D., Shu, C., Lian, X., and Zhang, Z. (2018). New antibacterial bagremycins F and G from the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. ZZ745. Mar. Drugs 16(9): 330.
Zhang, H., Loveridge, S.T., Tenney, K., and Crews, P. (2016a). A new 3-alkylpyridine alkaloid from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. and its cytotoxic activity. Nat. Prod. Res. 30(11): 1262–1265.
Zhang, J., Li, B., Qin, Y., Karthik, L., Zhu, G., Hou, C., Jiang, L., Liu, M., Ye, X., Liu, M., Hsiang, T., Dai, H., Zhang, L., and Liu, X. (2020). A new abyssomicin polyketide with anti-influenza A virus activity from a marine-derived Verrucosispora sp. MS100137. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 104(4): 1533–1543.
Zhang, J., Tiller, C., Shen, J., Wang, C., Girouard, G.S., Dennis, D., Barrow, C.J., Miao, M., and Ewart, H.S. (2007a). Antidiabetic properties of polysaccharide-and polyphenolic-enriched fractions from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 85(11): 1116–1123.
Zhang, J., Zhang, W., Mamadouba, B., and Xia, W. (2012b). A comparative study on hypolipidemic activities of high and low molecular weight chitosan in rats. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 51(4): 504–508.
Zhang, M., Sunaba, T., Sun, Y., Sasaki, K., Isoda, H., Kigoshi, H., and Kita, M. (2019a). Anti-inflammatory marine cyclic peptide stylissatin A and its derivatives inhibit differentiation of murine preadipocytes. Chem. Commun. 55(38): 5471–5474.
Zhang, W., Gavagnin, M., Guo, Y.W., Mollo, E., Ghiselin, M.T., and Cimino, G. (2007b). Terpenoid metabolites of the nudibranch Hexabranchus sanguineus from the South China Sea. Tetrahedron. 63(22): 4725–4729.
Zhang, X., Cao, D., Sun, X., Sun, S., and Xu, N. (2019b). Preparation and identification of antioxidant peptides from protein hydrolysate of marine alga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. J. Appl. Phycol. 31(4): 2585–2596.
Zhang, X., Chen, L., Chai, W., Lian, X.Y., and Zhang, Z. (2017). A unique indolizinium alkaloid streptopertusacin A and bioactive bafilomycins from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. HZP-2216E. Phytochemistry. 144: 119–126.
Zhang, Y., Chen, J., and Jiao, J. (2016b). Mechanism of Anti-aging and Oxidative Stress Regulation Effect by Marine Fish oil and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid. FASEB J. 30: lb354–lb354.
Zhang, Z.L., Zhang, C., Liao, H., Liu, Y.M., Cheng, W.N., and Du, J.Y. (2003). Antitumor activities of extractive from sea urchin in vitro. Chin. J. Cancer Prev. Treat. 10: 569–572.
Zhang, Z.Q. (2013). Animal biodiversity: An update of classification and diversity in 2013. Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa 3703(1): 5–11.
Zhang, Z., Min, X., Huang, J., Zhong, Y., Wu, Y., Li, X., Deng, Y., Jiang, Z., Shao, Z., Zhang, L., and He, F. (2016c). Cytoglobosins H and I, new antiproliferative cytochalasans from deep-sea-derived fungus Chaetomium globosum. Mar. Drugs 14(12): 233.
Zhao, D.L., Wang, D., Tian, X.Y., Cao, F., Li, Y.Q., and Zhang, C.S. (2018a). Anti-phytopathogenic and cytotoxic activities of crude extracts and secondary metabolites of marine-derived fungi. Mar. Drugs 16(1): 36.
Zhao, J., Wei, J., Liu, M., Xiao, L., Wu, N., Liu, G., Huang, H., Zhang, Y., Zheng, L., and Lin, X. (2013). Cloning, characterization and expression of a cDNA encoding a granulin-like polypeptide in Ciona savignyi. Biochimie 95(8): 1611–1619.
Zhao, M., Gu, L., Li, Y., Chen, S., You, J., Fan, L., Wang, Y., and Zhao, L. (2019). Chitooligosaccharides display anti-tumor effects against human cervical cancer cells via the apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Carbohydr. Polym. 224: 115171.
Zhao, Y., Li, B., Dong, S., Liu, Z., Zhao, X., Wang, J., and Zeng, M. (2009). A novel ACE inhibitory peptide isolated from Acaudina molpadioidea hydrolysate. Peptides. 30(6): 1028–1033.
Zhao, Y., Liu, D., Proksch, P., Zhou, D., and Lin, W. (2018b). Truncateols OV, further isoprenylated cyclohexanols from the sponge-associated fungus Truncatella angustata with antiviral activities. Phytochemistry. 155: 61–68.
Zheng, J.S., Hu, X.J., Zhao, Y.M., Yang, J., and Li, D. (2013). Intake of fish and marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: meta-analysis of data from 21 independent prospective cohort studies. BMJ 346: f3706.
Zhong, J.P., Wang, G., Shang, J.H., Pan, J.Q., Li, K., Huang, Y., and Liu, H.Z. (2009). Protective effects of squid ink extract towards hemopoietic injuries induced by cyclophosphamine. Mar. Drugs 7(1): 9–18.
Zhou, M.M., Xue, Y., Sun, S.H., Wen, M., Li, Z.J., Xu, J., Wang, J.F., Yanagita, T., Wang, Y.M., and Xue, C.H. (2016). Effects of different fatty acids composition of phosphatidylcholine on brain function of dementia mice induced by scopolamine. Lipids Health Dis. 15(1): 1–10.
Zhou, Q., Xu, J., Yang, L., Gu, C., and Xue, C. (2019). Thermal stability and oral absorbability of astaxanthin esters from Haematococcus pluvialis in Balb/c mice. J. Sci. Food Agric. 99(7): 3662–3671.
Zhou, Z., Wang, X., Zhang, H., Sun, J., Zheng, L., Liu, H., Wang, J., Shen, A., Geng, M., and Guo, Y. (2015). Chromopeptide A, a highly cytotoxic depsipeptide from the marine sediment-derived bacterium Chromobacterium sp. HS-13-94. Acta Pharm. Sin. B. 5(1): 62–66.
Zhu, B., He, H., Guo, D., Zhao, M., and Hou, T. (2020). Two novel calcium delivery systems fabricated by casein phosphopeptides and chitosan oligosaccharides: Preparation, characterization, and bioactive studies. Food Hydrocoll. 102: 105567.
Zhu, G., Kong, F., Wang, Y., Fu, P., and Zhu, W. (2018). Cladodionen, a cytotoxic hybrid polyketide from the marine-derived Cladosporium sp. OUCMDZ-1635. Mar. Drugs 16(2): 71.
Zhu, X., Zhou, D., Liang, F., Wu, Z., She, Z., and Li, C. (2017). Penochalasin K, a new unusual chaetoglobosin from the mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum V11 and its effective semi-synthesis. Fitoterapia. 123: 23–28.
Zhuang, Y., Sun, L., Zhang, Y., and Liu, G. (2012). Antihypertensive effect of long-term oral administration of jellyfish (Rhopilema esculentum) collagen peptides on renovascular hypertension. Mar. Drugs 10(2): 417–426.
Zlatanos, S., Laskaridis, K., Feist, C., and Sagredos, A. (2006). Proximate composition, fatty acid analysis and protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score of three Mediterranean cephalopods. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 50(10): 967–970.
Zou, S., Pan, R., Dong, X., He, M., and Wang, C. (2016). Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of two fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioidea and Holothuria nobilis. Process Biochem. 51(5): 650–658.
Zou, T.B., Jia, Q., Li, H.W., Wang, C.X., and Wu, H.F. (2013). Response surface methodology for ultrasound-assisted extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. Mar. Drugs 11(5): 1644–1655.
Zubia, M., Robledo, D., and Freile-Pelegrin, Y. (2007). Antioxidant activities in tropical marine macroalgae from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. J. Appl. Phycol. 19(5): 449–458.
Zuo, T., Li, X., Chang, Y., Duan, G., Yu, L., Zheng, R., Xue, C., and Tang, Q. (2015). Dietary fucoidan of Acaudina molpadioides and its enzymatically degraded fragments could prevent intestinal mucositis induced by chemotherapy in mice. Food Funct. 6(2): 415–422.