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Research Article | Open Access

Improving the Safety of HED LIBs by Co-Coating Separators with Ceramics and Solid-State Electrolytes

Tianhang Zhang1,2,3, Bo Wang1,2,3, Xiaopeng Qi1,2,3, Zenghua Chang1,2,3, Rennian Wang1,2,3, Bing Yu1,2,3, Rong Yang1,2,3, Jiantao Wang1,2,3( )
National Power Battery Innovation Center, China GRINM Group Corporation Limited, Beijing 100088, China
China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China
General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China
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Abstract

Internal short circuits because of deformation or melting down of separators have been recognized as a root cause for many thermal runaway (TR) events of high-energy-density (HED) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Ceramic coating of the polyolefin separators is a promising strategy but generally hinders ionic conduction. In this study, we demonstrate that co-coating the separators with boehmite ceramics and Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP) solid-state electrolytes could markedly improve the safety of LIBs while mitigating detrimental effects on electrochemical performance. We assembled HED (~350 Wh/kg) lithium-ion pouch cells with nickel-rich Li(Ni0.9CoxMn0.1-x)O2 cathodes, silicon-based/graphite blended anodes, and co-coated separators of varying thicknesses. It is found that LATP reacts with the organic liquid electrolytes and lithium to generate a robust solid-electrolyte-interface-filled LATP layer during the formation, which can prevent the thermal deformation of separators. During the thermal abusive tests, the battery's TR failure thresholds raised from 146.2 to 162.0 ℃. Correspondingly, the direct failure cause of the cell TR hurdled the separator malfunction to the thermochemical reactions of the nickel-rich cathodes. Additionally, pouch cells exhibited impressive electrochemical performance, maintaining a capacity retention of 87.99% after 500 cycles at 1C.

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Energy Material Advances
Volume 5,
2024
Article number: 0085
DOI: 10.34133/energymatadv.0085
Cite this article:
Zhang T, Wang B, Qi X, et al. Improving the Safety of HED LIBs by Co-Coating Separators with Ceramics and Solid-State Electrolytes. Energy Material Advances, 2024, 5: 0085. https://doi.org/10.34133/energymatadv.0085

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Received: 29 December 2023
Accepted: 17 February 2024
Published: 20 March 2024
© 2024 Tianhang Zhang et al. Exclusive licensee Beijing Institute of Technology Press. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.

Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY 4.0).
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