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Research Article | Open Access

In-vivo and In-vitro Anti-Acinetobacter Baumannii Activity of Citrate-Capped Silver Nanoparticles

Ibtesam Ghadban Auda1(), Istabreq Mohamed Ali Salman1, Dalal Abed Al-Sattar1, Jameelah Ghadban Oduha2
Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq
Department of Microbiology, Al-Kindy College of Medical - Baghdad University, Iraq
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Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of potential interest because of their effective antibacterial and antiviral activities. Capping agents are used for exhibiting a better antibacterial activity than uncapped Ag NPs. There are very few reports that have shown the usage of AgNPs for in-vivo antibacterial therapy. Citrate-capped silver nanoparticles were synthesized chemically by citrate reduction method; the size of Cit-AgNPs was determined by an atomic force microscope (AFM) and was between 15 - 90 nm. Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) isolates were the only sensitive species to Cit-AgNPs. MICs and MBC of Cit-AgNPs were determined by using A. baumannii. The results showed an additive effect of Cit-AgNPs. Four mice groups were infected with a sub-lethal dose of A. baumannii intraperitoneally, IP. The single daily dose of Cit-AgNPs and imipenem plus Cit-AgNPs combination were administered IP. Imipenem and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was used as positive control and negative control, respectively. Interestingly, only the PBS-treated group showed growth of A. baumannii in the liver and spleen of sacrificed mice. Histopathologically, Cit-AgNPs showed antibacterial activity and had an additive effect when combined with imipenem in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the Cit-AgNPs showed dose-dependent activity and the organs differed in the illumination of the toxicity effect of Cit-AgNPs even after high dose administration. In conclusion, Cit-capped AgNPs had antibacterial activity against multiple drug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii but not against K. pneumoniae and E. coli. Cit-capped AgNPs increased the inhibition zone of imipenem in additive effect; the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of Cit-capped AgNPs were relatively low. Cit-capped AgNPs eliminated A. baumannii infection in vivo when it was given alone or in combination with imipenem. The cytotoxicity of Cit-AgNPs was dose-dependent and the organs differed in the illumination of the inflammatory effect of Cit-AgNPs after high dose administration. It is not recommended to use Cit-capped AgNPs systemically despite their valuable additive antibacterial effect especially with a high dose and the combination with imipenem, Topical administration needs to be evaluated.

Keywords

Citrate capped silver nanoparticlesAcinetobacter baumanniiRecA geneIn vivoIn vitro

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Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
Volume 13 Issue 3,
September 2021
Pages 229-239
DOI: 10.5101/nbe.v13i3.p229-239
Cite this article:
Auda IG, Salman IMA, Al-Sattar DA, et al. In-vivo and In-vitro Anti-Acinetobacter Baumannii Activity of Citrate-Capped Silver Nanoparticles. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2021, 13(3): 229-239. https://doi.org/10.5101/nbe.v13i3.p229-239
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Distribution of prepared citrate-capped silver nanoparticles according to particle size

Diameter (nm) < Volume (%) Cumulation (%) Diameter (nm) < Volume (%) Cumulation (%) Diameter (nm) < Volume (%) Cumulation (%)
Avg. diameter: 59.39 nm; ≤ 10% diameter: 30.00 nm; ≤ 50% diameter: 60.00 nm; ≤ 90% diameter: 80.00 nm.
15.0020.0025.0030.0035.0040.00 0.720.723.142.424.115.80 0.721.454.597.0011.1116.91 45.0050.0055.0060.0065.0070.00 7.975.317.0010.1411.597.73 24.8830.1937.2047.3458.9466.67 75.0080.0085.0090.00 8.949.189.665.56 75.6084.7894.44100.00

Mean and SD of inhibition zone diameter of imipenem, Cit-AgNPs, and imipenem-Cit-AgNPs combination against A. baumannii

Isolate No. Imipenem mean + SD (mm) Cit-AgNPs mean + SD (mm) Imipenem + Cit-mean + SD (mm)
Cit-AgNPs: Citrate-capped silver nanoparticles
1 24 + 0.32 13 + 0.39 28 + 0.73
2 24 + 0.53 16 + 0.50 28 + 0.75
3 30 + 0.41 15 + 0.50 34 + 0.72
4 27 + 0.36 15 + 0.38 31 + 0.70

The effect of citrate-capped silver nanoparticle concentrations on A. baumannii

Isolate No. MIC (μg/mL) MBC (μg/mL)
MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration, MBC: minimum bactericidal concentration
1 11.25 11.25
2 11.25 22.5
3 11.25 22.5
4 11.25 22.5