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Review | Open Access

The Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on the Mammalian Reproductive System

Parvin Lohrasbi1, Soghra Bahmanpour2( )
Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract

Due to the increasing use of nanoparticles in medical and industrial fields, concerns are growing about the toxicity of them to the body organs especially the reproductive system. In this review, the effect of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles on the mammalian reproductive system was discussed. Nanoparticles are typically toxic to both males and females, depending on their types, administration method, exposure duration, and surface modification. Regarding the embryo, it was also found that the effect of nanoparticles depends on the embryonic stage exposure during development. However, some nanoparticles, depending on the dose and time of administration, not only did not have toxic effects, but also strengthened the reproductive system and increased its efficiency. As the mode of interaction, penetration, and mechanism of nanoparticles action in the reproductive system is unclear, this review highlights the importance of additional tests in these cases.

Keywords

Metal nanoparticlesMammalianReproductive systemToxicity

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Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
Volume 13 Issue 4,
December 2021
Pages 344-363
DOI: 10.5101/nbe.v13i4.p344-363
Cite this article:
Lohrasbi P, Bahmanpour S. The Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on the Mammalian Reproductive System. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, 2021, 13(4): 344-363. https://doi.org/10.5101/nbe.v13i4.p344-363

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Received: 10 April 2021
Accepted: 16 May 2021
Published: 29 October 2021
© Parvin Lohrasbi, Soghra Bahmanpour.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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