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Publishing Language: Chinese

Full-scale crash experimental study of typical civil aircraft

Xiaochuan LIU1,2,3( ), Xulong XI1,2,3,4, Xinyue ZHANG1,2,3, Chunyu BAI1,2,3, Yabin YAN5, Xiaocheng LI1,2,3, Rangke MU1,2,3
National key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity, Xi’an 710065, China
Key Laboratory of Aviation Science and Technology on Structures Impact Dynamics, Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China, Xi’an 710065, China
Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Aircraft Vibration, Impact and Noise, Xi’an 710065, China
School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
AVIC XAC Commercial Aircraft Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710089, China
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Abstract

The crash test of civil aircraft is a worldwide technical problem, and it is the most direct means to evaluate the crashworthiness of civil aircraft. In this paper, the high precision lifting height control and high reliability delivery method of the full-scale aircraft crash test are proposed, and the testing methods of the key physical parameters such as structural response and dummy response are given. A dynamic response test system for the whole aircraft crash test was constructed, and using a unified time reference trigger method, the ground impact load, structural acceleration response, dummy response, and aircraft failure and deformation were analyzed. The response distribution rules of different parts of the aircraft were obtained. The revised comprehensive evaluation index ICI of the adaptability was put forward. The results show that the test data are complete and reliable. After the vertical crash at 5.71 m/s, the lower structure of the cabin floor is seriously deformed, and the upper structure of the fuselage in the central wing area is obviously deformed due to the inertia effect of the wing. The stiffness difference of the different fuselage segments results in significant differences in crash load and dynamic response. The higher the stiffness is, the smaller the deformation and the greater the acceleration response will be. After the crash, the load on the passengers was within safe range, the cabin seats are intact, the cabin doors can be opened normally., the living space of the passengers is sufficient, and the evacuation channel of the passengers is unblocked. Compared with the original ICI index, the revised evaluation result has better engineering applicability.

Keywords

impact dynamicscivil aircraftfull-aircraft crashfull field measurementstructural energy absorptioncrash loadevaluation of crashworthiness
CLC number: V271.1 Document code: A

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Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica
Volume 45 Issue 5,
March 2024
Article number: 529664
DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29664
Cite this article:
LIU X, XI X, ZHANG X, et al. Full-scale crash experimental study of typical civil aircraft. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 529664. https://doi.org/10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29664

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Received: 15 August 2023
Revised: 08 October 2023
Accepted: 24 October 2023
Published: 10 November 2023
© 2024 The Journal of Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica
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