The co-authors of a paper should include all persons who have made significant scientific contributions to the reported work and who share responsibility and accountability for it. Inclusion of a name as an author is a statement that this person did make substantial contributions. Other contributors should be indicated in the Acknowledgments section.

The corresponding author(s) is responsible for ensuring that all appropriate contributors are listed as authors and that all authors have agreed to the manuscript's content and its submission to BPR. All authors will be notified that the paper has been submitted. To ensure acknowledgment of submission, current email addresses must be provided for all authors on the paper. The corresponding author(s) is also responsible for ensuring adherence to all editorial and submission policies and informing all co-authors of any matters arising and to deal promptly with such matters.

Equal contribution designations are only permitted for the first author position. There is no limitation on the number of first authors that can be designated as equal contributors.

Authors are welcome to suggest suitable independent reviewers when they submit their manuscripts, but these suggestions may not be followed by the journal. Authors may also request the journal to exclude a few (usually not more than two) individuals or laboratories. The journal sympathetically considers such exclusion requests and usually honours them, but the editor's decision on the choice of peer-reviewers is final.

BPR requires all authors to disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest that might be construed to influence either the results or the interpretation of their manuscript, such as financial, personal or other relationships with other people or organizations with related interests. Authors must declare such conflicts both in the cover letter and in the COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICS GUIDELINES section of the manuscript itself. This policy applies to all submitted manuscripts and review materials.

Sequences of nucleic acids and proteins, molecular structures from X-ray crystallography and NMR, as well as molecular models, electron microscopic reconstructions, and microarray data should be deposited in the appropriate database prior to publication. These data must be accessible without restriction upon publication of the submitted paper. Entry names or accession numbers must be included in the paper before its publication. Microarray data must be MIAME compliant.

Manuscripts submitted to BPR must be original and not published or submitted for publication elsewhere. This rule applies to manuscripts previously submitted to BPR, as well as material submitted elsewhere while BPR is considering the contribution.

If any part of the contribution that an author wishes to submit to BPR has appeared or will appear elsewhere, the author must specify the details in the covering letter accompanying the submission.

BPR is happy to consider submissions containing material that has been published previously in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis which has been published according to the requirements of the institution awarding the qualification.

BPR allows prior publication on recognized community preprint servers (such as ArXiv) for review by other scientists in the field before formal submission to the journal. The details of the preprint server concerned and any accession numbers should be included in the cover letter accompanying submission of the manuscript to BPR. This policy does not extend to preprints available to the media or that are otherwise publicised outside the scientific community before or during the submission and consideration process at BPR.

All in-press or submitted works that are pertinent to the manuscript under consideration by the journal (including those cited in the manuscript under consideration) must accompany the submission. Related manuscripts that have been submitted elsewhere during the period of revision and any information that will aid in the review process must accompany revised manuscripts. Failure to provide copies of related manuscripts under consideration elsewhere may delay the review process and may be grounds for rejection.

Under no circumstances will any paper be considered that contains any data that have been submitted for publication elsewhere.

If an author of a submission is re-using figure(s) published elsewhere, or that is copyrighted, the author must provide documentation that the previous publisher or copyright holder has given permission for the figure to be re-published. The editors of BPR consider all material in good faith that the journal has full permission to publish every part of the submitted material, including illustrations.

Manuscripts describing any experimental work with humans should include a statement that the research has been carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) of the World Medical Association. Authors should confirm that the Ethical Committee of the Institution in which the work was performed has approved it, and that the subjects have been given informed consent to the work.

Experiments involving animals should be performed in accordance with relevant institutional and national guidelines and regulations and a statement to this effect must also be included. In the manuscript, a statement identifying the committee approving the experiments and confirming that all experiments conform to the relevant regulatory standards must be included in the COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICS GUIDELINES section. For additional information on the reporting of work in animals, please refer to the ARRIVE Guidelines.

All submitted papers should be written in clear, proper English. Authors who are not native English speakers may ask an English-speaking colleague to proofread your paper. Papers that fail to meet basic standards of literacy are likely be declined immediately by the editors.

Biophysics Reports is an international open-access peer reviewed journal. We DO NOT currently charge an article processing fee to authors upon publication of their works. Biophysics Reports operates as a non-profit, volunteer and donation-based publication.

All articles published in the Biophysics Reports Journal are published under a Creative Commons license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License

With this license, Authors retain copyright, but allow any user to share, copy, distribute, transmit, adapt and make commercial use of the work without needing to provide additional permission, provided appropriate attribution is made to the original Biophysics Reports author(‘s).

By using this license, all articles meet or exceed all funder and institutional requirements for being considered Open Access.

Authors cannot use copyrighted material within their article, such as previously published figures, unless that material has also been made available under a similarly liberal license or been given permission for reuse by the owners.

Biophysics Reports follows a strong plagiarism policy. It ensures that none of the parts of the manuscript is plagiarized from other sources and proper reference is provided for all contents extracted from other sources.

All the papers submitted have to pass through an initial screening and will be checked through the Advanced Plagiarism Detection Software (CrossCheck by iThenticate)

Plagiarism is the copying of ideas, text, data and other creative work (e.g. tables, figures, and graphs) and presenting it as original research without proper citation. Separate from the issue of plagiarism is the need for authors to obtain permission to reuse previously published work (even if properly cited) from the holder of the copyright (which is typically not the author).

It is essential that editors and reviewers be told by the authors when any portion of a paper is based heavily on previous work, even if this work has been written by one or more of the authors of the paper. It is the responsibility of the author not only to cite the previous work, including their own but to provide an indication of the extent to which a paper depends on this work.

Biophysics Reports will not tolerate plagiarism in submitted manuscripts. Passages quoted or closely paraphrased from other authors (or from the submitting authors' own published work) must be identified as quotations or paraphrases, and the sources of the quoted or paraphrased material must be acknowledged. Use of unacknowledged sources will be construed as plagiarism. If any manuscript is found to contain plagiarized material, the peer-review process will be halted immediately. For information on Ethics in publishing and Ethical guidelines for journal publication, please refer to the links below:

Council of scientific editors

http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3331

COPE

http://www.publicationethics.org/files/International%20standards_authors_for%20website_11_Nov_2011.pdf

Biophysics Reports uses a double-blind peer-review process. This means that the journal’s peer-reviewers do not know the names and affiliations of the authors and that the reviewer reports provided to authors are anonymous. All submissions are initially evaluated in depth by a team of scientific editors. Papers that are not deemed by the editors to be strong candidates for publication will be returned to the authors without detailed review, typically within 1–7 days. Otherwise, manuscripts will be sent to reviewers who have agreed to assess the paper rapidly. The editors will make every effort to reach decisions on these papers within 2–3 weeks of the submission date. If revisions are a condition of publication, editors will carefully evaluate the reviewers' comments and, whenever possible, will provide guidance on the important concerns to be addressed. We generally allow 3 months for revisions and consider only one revised version of the paper. Evaluations of conceptual advance and significance are made based on the literature available on the day of the final decision, not the day of submission. Accepted papers will be published in print within 2 months of acceptance and, in most cases, earlier in print or online. Any major changes after acceptance are subject to review and may delay publication.

These principles are applied by Biophysics Reports in order to adhere to ethical standards of advertising and to assure the independence of Biophysics Reports-produced content.

·Biophysics Reports does not allow advertising to influence editorial decisions.

·Biophysics Reports accepts advertising for products and services that are of interest to users in their personal and as well as professional lives. Advertisements must be legal, decent and truthful and comply with the relevant laws, regulations and industry codes for the geographic area in which they appear.

·Biophysics Reports will not accept advertising for products or services known to be harmful to health (e.g. tobacco and alcohol products).

·All advertisements for drug specific campaigns should encourage correct and rational use and must not be misleading.

·Advertisements may not be deceptive or misleading, and must be verifiable. Advertisements should clearly identify the advertiser and the product or service being offered. Exaggerated or extravagantly worded copy will not be allowed. Advertisements will not be accepted if they appear to be indecent or offensive in either text or artwork, or if they relate to content of a personal, racial, ethnic, sexual orientation, or religious nature.

Biophysics Reports operates the following policy for making corrections to its peer-reviewed content.

Publishable amendments must be represented by a formal online notice because they affect the publication record and/or the scientific accuracy of published information. Where these amendments concern peer-reviewed material, they fall into the following categories:

Publisher Corrections (formerly Errata) concern the amendment of mistakes introduced by the journal in production, including errors of omission such as failure to make factual proof corrections requested by authors within the deadline provided by the journal and within journal policy. Publisher Corrections are generally not published for simple, obvious typographical errors, but are published when an apparently simple error is significant (e.g. a typographical error in the corresponding author's name).

If there is an error in the lettering on a figure, the usual procedure is to publish a sentence of rectification. A significant error in the figure itself is corrected by publication of a new corrected figure as a Publisher Correction. The figure is republished only if the Editors consider it necessary for a reader to understand it.

Author Corrections (formerly Corrigenda) are judged on their relevance to readers and their importance for the published record. Author Corrections are published after discussion among the Editorial Board Members, Editorial Advisory Panel and the publishing team. All co-authors must sign an agreed wording.

Author Corrections submitted by the original authors are published if the academic accuracy or reproducibility of the original paper is compromised; occasionally, on investigation, these may be published as Retractions. In cases where some co-authors decline to sign an Author Correction or Retraction, we reserve the right to publish it with the dissenting author(s) identified. The journal publishes Author Corrections if there is an error in the published author list, but not for overlooked acknowledgements.

Readers wishing to draw the journal's attention to a significant published error should contact the publishing team.

Retractions are judged according to whether the main conclusion of the paper no longer holds or is seriously undermined as a result of subsequent information coming to light of which the authors were not aware at the time of publication. In the case of experimental papers, this can include further experiments by the authors or by others that do not confirm the main experimental conclusion of the original publication. Readers wishing to draw the Editors’ attention to published work requiring retraction should first contact the authors of the original paper and then write to the publishing team, including copies of the correspondence with the authors (whether or not the correspondence has been answered). The publishing team and Editorial Board Member will seek advice from referees if they judge that the information is likely to draw into question the main conclusions of the published paper.

Addenda (singular: Addendum) are notifications of additional information about a paper, usually in response to readers' requests for clarification. Addenda, including Editorial Expressions of Concern, are published when the in-house editors decide that the addendum is crucial to the reader's understanding of a significant part of the published contribution.

Editorial decision-making Decisions about types of correction are made by the journal's in-house editors, sometimes with the advice of referees, Editorial Board members. This process involves consultation with the authors of the paper, but the in-house editors make the final decision about whether an amendment is required and the category in which the amendment is published.

When an amendment is published, it is linked bi-directionally to and from the article being corrected.

Authors sometimes request a correction to their published contribution that does not affect the contribution in a significant way or impair the reader's understanding of the contribution (e.g. a spelling mistake or grammatical error). The journal does not publish such corrections. The online article is part of the published record and hence its original published version is preserved. The journal does, however, correct the online version of a contribution if the wording in the html version does not make sense when compared with the PDF version (e.g. 'see left' for a figure that is an appropriate phrase for the PDF but not for the html version). In these cases, the fact that a correction has been made is stated in a footnote so that readers are aware that the originally published text has been amended.

1. The Significance of Paper Related Data Sharing

“Paper Related Data” refers to the data generated through basic research, applied research, experimental opening, etc. to support the publication of academic papers, as well as data obtained through observation, inspection, investigation, inspection and testing, etc. and used to form papers’ charts and the raw data or its derived data support the research conclusions of the paper. The sharing of paper related data is an important evidence for the research results and conclusions of the paper, improving the verifiability and transparency of the research; the sharing of data improves the attention and influence of scientific journal papers; the reuse of data saves manpower and material resources, allowing scientists focus on innovative research; paper related data as a new type of academic achievement will promote innovative cooperation and talent training among disciplines, and promote open scientific practice.

2. Types and Requirements of the Paper Related Data

The data used to directly support the conclusions of the paper shall be shared; the data generated from the research of the paper and reflected in the paper, or the data reused or analyzed for the research of the paper are encouraged to be shared; the raw data, unprocessed data from paper related experiments or observations that are not reflected in the paper are shared voluntarily. Data involving research ethics issue, sensitive information, confidential information, or sharing data that would damage the legitimate rights and interests of third parties should not be shared. For data that should not be shared, if irreversible desensitization processing has been performed or it can be shared for other legitimate and reasonable reasons, the data author can share it after providing a desensitization statement or other supporting documents.

3. Preferred File Format

The journal does not impose restrictions on the format or subject area of the data submission. However, in terms of data reusability and long-term access, it is better to refer to the list of recommended formats first.

If the file format you use is not in the below list, the journal suggest you evaluate it by the three criteria:

(1) whether the format is common in your discipline;

(2) whether the format has open standards;

(3) whether the format is independent of a peculiar software application, developer or supplier.

If the format you use is not in the list, your submission should meet all or most of the criteria above.

4. Data License

Authors can choose from the following 8 international data licenses:CC0, CC-BY 4.0, CC BY-SA 4.0, CC BY-NC 4.0, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, CC BY-ND 4.0, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (in descending order of openness of the above data license) and ODbL (for database). Data users must use the data in accordance with the data license agreement chosen by the author.

In order to better disseminate and share paper related data, The journal recommends authors to use the CC-BY 4.0 license agreement.

5. Data Sharing Method

(1) Data Access

There are two kinds of data access options. Authors could choose one applicable option for the data sharing.

① Open Access

When authors choose the open access mode, the submission will be open accessed immediately once acceptance. The open content includes both metadata and data files.

② Conditional Access

Ø Accessing after the embargo period

This option is applicable for data that should not be shared immediately. Authors are allowed to set an embargo period for your research data. During the period, only metadata could be accessed openly, and data files would be forbidden to the public. After the embargo period, the data is automatically converted to open access status, and its metadata and data files are accessible to the public.

Ø Accessing on requesting

This option is applicable for data that should not be shared openly but can be accessed on reasonable requesting. The decision whether to grant/deny access is solely under the responsibility of the data authors. However, in this option, authors should explain the reason in writing and provide necessary supporting materials to the journal.

(2) Data repository

The paper related data must be submitted and shared in a data repository. Our selection criteria and recommended list of data repositories are as follows:

① Selection Criteria

The data repository shall follow the FAIR principle to ensure the discoverability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability of scientific data. Specifically, it includes the following contents and requirements:

Ø The data repository shall provide discoverable data identifiers for scientific data.

Ø When data is stored in the repository, links and publicly shared permanent access addresses should be provided for editorial department and reviewers to review.

Ø Metadata and files should support interoperability and provide an open metadata harvesting interface.

Ø The data repository should support the reuse of data, provide a common standard metadata and dissemination distribution path, and provide support for data reuse.

② Recommendation List

Ø Science Data Bank (ScienceDB)

6. Data Review

The data repository will execute the stylistic review of the paper related data submitted by authors, mainly reviewing whether the data has been uploaded, whether the uploaded data is accessible, and whether the submit the Data Availability Statement (if requested), etc.

Authors should complete the data submission during the paper publishing stage.

7. Data Availability Statement

“Data Availability Statement” is an explanatory document or text on whether the paper related data can be obtained and the specific way of obtaining it. It mainly includes the storage method and access link of the paper related data. The use of the “Data Availability Statement” helps to improve research transparency and reproducibility, and is of great significance to the repeated verification of the paper’s conclusions, data reuse, and research integrity.

The Data Availability Statement should include the following: how the data is stored and access links, a unique identifier for the data (if any), and the name of the software or tool that opens or uses the data. If the paper related data is data that should not be shared, the specific conditions and methods for accessing the data should be clearly stated and given. Authors should attach the Data Availability Statement after the main body of the paper and before the reference.

The Data Availability Statement template is as follows, for author’s reference:

1. General Template: The related data (DOI/CSTR:     ) for this paper is available in the (database name) database (permanent web link).

2. Data requiring special software tools to open: The related data (DOI/CSTR:     ) of this paper can be accessed in the (database name) database (permanent web link), and the software for opening the data is (software name).

3. Data that should not be shared: The related data of this paper is data that should not be shared, and can be obtained from the author for reasonable reasons. The author’s contact information:     .

8. Data Citation

(1) Why data should be cited formally

As a kind of research output, research data should be credited. Formal data citation in publications can not only provide positive incentives to data sharing but enhance the transparency of the research and effectively facilitate the tracking of data reuse. The journal requires to cite data in publications formally.

Paper related data should be credited as the result of the author’s intelligent labor. Data citation can enhance the influence of scientific data and provide evidence for the research that cites the data. This journal provides standardized data citation format for the data.

(2) How to cite research data

The journa requires others to formally cite the paper related data and to follow the citation format refer to the National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T 35294-2017.

9. Help and Support

(1) Data Submission Process: Science Data Bank (ScienceDB)

Ø Registration and Login: The author can choose the account of the data repository to register and log in, or select the third-party user to authenticate login supported by the repository.

Ø Data Submission and Edit: The author creates a new data through the data submission entry, at which time the data is assigned a unique identifier (CSTR and DOI) and private link. In this process, the author fills in metadata information, uploads data files, selects open sharing mode and other information. At this time, the author can temporarily save the draft and edit the information until submission. After data submission, if the data auditor revises the data, users need to modify the data until the data is approved. Before data release, data can only be reviewed by editorial department through the private link.

Ø Data Release and Dissemination: After releasing, the unique identification of the data takes effect and the data can be retrieved on the repository and dissemination index platform.

Ø Data Update: Once the data is published, if additional files or other data update operations are needed, the author shall initiate the creation of a new version of the data and submit the updated information. As with the old version, the submission needs to be reviewed first before releasing.

(2) Contact Information

For more questions about paper related data submission, please contact: biophysics-reports@ibp.ac.cn.