The concentration of biomarkers in sweat can be used to evaluate human health, making efficient sweat sensing a focus of research. While flow channel design is often used to detect sweat velocity, it is rarely incorporated into the sensing of biomarkers, limiting the richness of sensing results. In this study, we report a time sequential sensing scheme for uric acid in sweat through a sequential design of Tesla valve channels. Graphene electrodes for detecting uric acid and directional Tesla valve flow channels were fabricated using laser engraving technology to realize time sequential sensing. The performance of the channels was verified through simulation. The time sequential detection of uric acid concentration in sweat can help researchers improve the establishment of human health management systems through flexible wearable devices.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most serious diseases threatening human health in the world. Therefore, effective monitoring and treatment of CVDs are urgently needed. Compared with traditional rigid devices, nanomaterials based flexible devices open up new opportunities for further development beneficial from the unique properties of nanomaterials which contribute to excellent performance to better prevent and treat CVDs. This review summarizes recent advances of nanomaterials based flexible devices for the monitoring and treatment of CVDs. First, we review the outstanding characteristics of nanomaterials. Next, we introduce flexible devices based on nanomaterials for practical use in CVDs including in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro methods. At last, we make a conclusion and discuss the further development needed for nanomaterials and monitoring and treatment devices to better care CVDs.