Home Nano Research Article
Article Link
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Show Outline
Outline
Graphical Abstract
Abstract
Keywords
Electronic Supplementary Material
References
Show full outline
Hide outline
Communication

Fast UV–vis–NIR photoresponse of self-oriented F16CuPc nanoribbons

Lingyu Zhang1,§, Xingyu Wang1,2,§, Wei Zhou1, Hao Wang1, Jiaxun Song1, Zihao Zhao1, Jihui Liao1, Jian Song1, Yajun Li1, Jinyou Xu1 ()
Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel

§ Lingyu Zhang and Xingyu Wang contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

View original image Download original image
Periodic hydrophobic nanogrooves formed on a sapphire surface enable self-oriented growth of F16CuPc nanoribbons with a consistent growth axis, and accordingly, photodetectors with response times of tens of milliseconds in the ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared (UV–vis–NIR) spectral range are implemented directly on their growth substrate.

Abstract

Controlling the vapor-deposited nanoribbons to grow along a consistent orientation will enable the desired in situ integration of functional devices, representing a major technological advance compared to post-growth processing strategies. In this work, n-type F16CuPc molecules are self-assembled into horizontally-oriented nanoribbons with a consistent growth axis after creating periodic hydrophobic nanogrooves on a sapphire surface. Consequently, electrodes are deposited directly on the growth substrate to enable in situ fabrication of photodetectors. Depending on the deposited electrodes, these horizontally-oriented nanoribbons are connected to form a monolithic photodetector with a large sensing area or an on-chip array of photodetectors with multiple detector units. This in situ integration strategy avoids potential structural damage and contamination from impurities associated with post-growth processing steps. Therefore, the vapor-deposited nanoribbons can retain their high quality during the device manufacturing process, which contributes to performance improvement. As a result, the in-situ integrated F16CuPc photodetectors exhibit a sensitive response in the ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared (UV–vis–NIR) region. The response time is on the order of tens of milliseconds, the fastest record ever for the F16CuPc-based photodetectors. Furthermore, statistics from an array of 6 × 6 photodetectors show little variation in their sensitivity and response time, and hence this in situ fabrication scheme will contribute to the implementation of on-chip integrated photodetectors with consistent performance based on bottom-up nanoribbons. Overall, this self-oriented growth provides a versatile option to achieve desired in-situ integrated functional devices based on bottom-up nanoribbons.

Keywords

fluorinated copper phthalocyaninenanoribbonplanar arrayphotodetector in situ integration

Electronic Supplementary Material

Download File(s)
12274_2023_5493_MOESM1_ESM.pdf (2.3 MB)

References

[1]

Pan, J.; Deng, W.; Xu, X. Z.; Jiang, T. H.; Zhang, X. J.; Jie, J. S. Photodetectors based on small-molecule organic semiconductor crystals. Chin. Phys. B 2019, 28, 038102.

Crossref Google Scholar
[2]

Wang, Y.; Sun, L. J.; Wang, C.; Yang, F. X.; Ren, X. C.; Zhang, X. T.; Dong, H. L.; Hu, W. P. Organic crystalline materials in flexible electronics. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019, 48, 1492–1530.

Crossref Google Scholar
[3]

Zhuang, X. J.; Guo, P. F.; Zhang, Q. L.; Liu, H. W.; Li, D.; Hu, W.; Zhu, X. L.; Zhou, H.; Pan, A. L. Lateral composition-graded semiconductor nanoribbons for multi-color nanolasers. Nano Res. 2016, 9, 933–941.

Crossref Google Scholar
[4]

Zou, T. Y.; Wang, X. Y.; Ju, H. D.; Wu, Q.; Guo, T. T.; Wu, W.; Wang, H. Crystal structure tuning in organic nanomaterials for fast response and high sensitivity visible-NIR photo-detector. J. Mater. Chem. C 2018, 6, 1495–1503.

Crossref Google Scholar
[5]

Park, J. H.; Cho, S. W.; Park, S. H.; Jeong, J. G.; Kim, H. J.; Yi, Y.; Cho, M. H. The effect of copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (F16CuPc) inter-layer on pentacene thin-film transistors. Synth. Met. 2010, 160, 108–112.

Crossref Google Scholar
[6]

Tang, Q.; Li, L.; Song, Y.; Liu, Y.; Li, H.; Xu, W.; Liu, Y.; Hu, W.; Zhu, D. Photoswitches and phototransistors from organic single-crystalline sub-micro/nanometer ribbons. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 2624–2628.

Crossref Google Scholar
[7]

Jin-Phillipp, N. Y.; Krauss, T. N.; Van Aken, P. A. The growth of one-dimensional CuPcF16 nanostructures on gold nanoparticles as studied by transmission electron microscopy tomography. ACS Nano 2012, 6, 4039–4044.

Crossref Google Scholar
[8]

Shen, C. F.; Kahn, A. Electronic structure, diffusion, and p-doping at the Au/F16CuPc interface. J. Appl. Phys. 2001, 90, 4549–4554.

Crossref Google Scholar
[9]

Mbenkum, B. N.; Barrena, E.; Zhang, X. N.; Kelsch, M.; Dosch, H. Selective growth of organic 1-D structures on Au nanoparticle arrays. Nano Lett. 2006, 6, 2852–2855.

Crossref Google Scholar
[10]

Flores, S. Y.; Gonzalez-Espiet, J.; Cintrón, J.; Villanueva, N. D. J.; Camino, F. E.; Kisslinger, K.; Cruz, D. M. P.; Rivera, R. D.; Fonseca, L. F. Fluorinated iron and cobalt phthalocyanine nanowire chemiresistors for environmental gas monitoring at parts-per-billion levels. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 4688–4699.

Crossref Google Scholar
[11]

Yan, D. W.; Feng, Y. T.; Wang, C. R. Self-assembled array of rectangular single-crystal microtubes of perchlorinated copper phthalocyanines. Prog. Nat. Sci. :Mater. Int. 2013, 23, 543–548.

Crossref Google Scholar
[12]

Ling, M. M.; Bao, Z. N.; Erk, P. Air-stable n-channel copper hexachlorophthalocyanine for field-effect transistors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 89, 163516.

Crossref Google Scholar
[13]

Wu, Y. M.; Zhang, X. J.; Pan, H. H.; Zhang, X. W.; Zhang, Y. P.; Zhang, X. Z.; Jie, J. S. Large-area aligned growth of single-crystalline organic nanowire arrays for high-performance photodetectors. Nanotechnology 2013, 24, 355201.

Crossref Google Scholar
[14]

Zhang, Y. P.; Wang, X. D.; Wu, Y. M.; Jie, J. S.; Zhang, X. W.; Xing, Y. L.; Wu, H. H.; Zou, B.; Zhang, X. J.; Zhang, X. H. Aligned ultralong nanowire arrays and their application in flexible photodetector devices. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 14357–14362.

Crossref Google Scholar
[15]

Koshy, R.; Menon, C. S. Effect of vacuum annealing on the optoelectric and morphological properties of F16CuPc thin films. J. Chem. 2012, 9, 101686.

Crossref Google Scholar
[16]

Kol’tsov, E.; Basova, T.; Semyannikov, P.; Igumenov, I. Synthesis and investigations of copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine CuPcF16. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2004, 86, 222–227.

Crossref Google Scholar
[17]

Nath, D.; Dey, P.; Joseph, A. M.; Rakshit, J. K.; Roy, J. N. Photocurrent generation under forward bias with interfacial tunneling of carrier at pentacene/F16CuPc heterojunction photodetector. J. Alloys Compd. 2020, 815, 152401.

Crossref Google Scholar
[18]

Park, J. E.; Mukherjee, B.; Cho, H.; Kim, S.; Pyo, S. Flexible N-channel organic phototransistor on polyimide substrate. Synth. Met. 2011, 161, 143–147.

Crossref Google Scholar
[19]

Yan, H.; Li, Y.; Qin, J. K.; Hu, P. A.; Zhen, L.; Xu, C. Y. Charge transport behavior and ultrasensitive photoresponse performance of exfoliated F16CuPc nanoflakes. Adv. Opt. Mater. 2019, 7, 1901097.

Crossref Google Scholar
[20]

Yoon, S. M.; Song, H. J.; Hwang, I. C.; Kim, K. S.; Choi, H. C. Single crystal structure of copper hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (F16CuPc) ribbon. Chem. Comm. 2010, 46, 231–233.

Crossref Google Scholar
[21]

Sun, Y.; Dong, T. G.; Yu, L. W.; Xu, J.; Chen, K. J. Planar growth, integration, and applications of semiconducting nanowires. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 1903945.

Crossref Google Scholar
[22]

Long, Y. Z.; Yu, M.; Sun, B.; Gu, C. Z.; Fan, Z. Y. Recent advances in large-scale assembly of semiconducting inorganic nanowires and nanofibers for electronics, sensors and photovoltaics. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41, 4560–4580.

Crossref Google Scholar
[23]

Li, L.; Auer, E.; Liao, M. Y.; Fang, X. S.; Zhai, T. Y.; Gautam, U. K.; Lugstein, A.; Koide, Y.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D. Deep-ultraviolet solar-blind photoconductivity of individual gallium oxide nanobelts. Nanoscale 2011, 3, 1120–1126.

Crossref Google Scholar
[24]

Fang, X. S.; Xiong, S. L.; Zhai, T. Y.; Bando, Y.; Liao, M. Y.; Gautam, U. K.; Koide, Y.; Zhang, X. G.; Qian, Y. T.; Golberg, D. High-performance blue/ultraviolet-light-sensitive ZnSe-nanobelt photodetectors. Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 5016–5021.

Crossref Google Scholar
[25]

Li, L.; Wu, P. C.; Fang, X. S.; Zhai, T. Y.; Dai, L.; Liao, M. Y.; Koide, Y.; Wang, H. Q.; Bando, Y.; Golberg, D. Single-crystalline CdS nanobelts for excellent field-emitters and ultrahigh quantum-efficiency photodetectors. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 3161–3165.

Crossref Google Scholar
[26]

Yim, J. W. L.; Chen, D.; Brown, G. F.; Wu, J. Q. Synthesis and ex situ doping of ZnTe and ZnSe nanostructures with extreme aspect ratios. Nano Res. 2009, 2, 931–937.

Crossref Google Scholar
[27]

Gabai, R.; Ismach, A.; Joselevich, E. Nanofacet lithography: A new bottom-up approach to nanopatterning and nanofabrication by soft replication of spontaneously faceted crystal surfaces. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 1325–1330.

Crossref Google Scholar
[28]

Oksenberg, E.; Popovitz-Biro, R.; Rechav, K.; Joselevich, E. Guided growth of horizontal ZnSe nanowires and their integration into high-performance blue-UV photodetectors. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 3999–4005.

Crossref Google Scholar
[29]

Shalev, E.; Oksenberg, E.; Rechav, K.; Popovitz-Biro, R.; Joselevich, E. Guided CdSe nanowires parallelly integrated into fast visible-range photodetectors. ACS Nano 2017, 11, 213–220.

Crossref Google Scholar
[30]

Xu, J. Y.; Oksenberg, E.; Popovitz-Biro, R.; Rechav, K.; Joselevich, E. Bottom-up tri-gate transistors and submicrosecond photodetectors from guided CdS nanowalls. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 15958–15967.

Crossref Google Scholar
[31]

Xu, J. Y.; Rechav, K.; Popovitz-Biro, R.; Nevo, I.; Feldman, Y.; Joselevich, E. High-gain 200 ns photodetectors from self-aligned CdS-CdSe core–shell nanowalls. Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1800413.

Crossref Google Scholar
[32]

Zhang, X.; Shi, F.; Niu, J.; Jiang, Y. G.; Wang, Z. Q. Superhydrophobic surfaces: From structural control to functional application. J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 621–633.

Crossref Google Scholar
[33]

Hlawacek, G.; Puschnig, P.; Frank, P.; Winkler, A.; Ambrosch-Draxl, C.; Teichert, C. Characterization of step-edge barriers in organic thin-film growth. Science 2008, 321, 108–111.

Crossref Google Scholar
[34]

Wacaser, B. A.; Dick, K. A.; Johansson, J.; Borgström, M. T.; Deppert, K.; Samuelson, L. Preferential interface nucleation: An expansion of the VLS growth mechanism for nanowires. Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 153–165.

Crossref Google Scholar
[35]

Zhang, G. Y.; Yan, M. Q.; Teng, X. Y.; Bi, H.; Han, Y. Y.; Tian, M. L.; Wang, M. T. Formation of ultra-long nanoribbons by self-assembly of carbon dots and anionic oligomers for multi-colored fluorescence and electrical conduction. Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 10244–10247.

Crossref Google Scholar
[36]

El-Nahass, M. M.; Abd-El-Rahman, K. F.; Al-Ghamdi, A. A.; Asiri, A. M. Optical properties of thermally evaporated tin-phthalocyanine dichloride thin films, SnPcCl2. Phys. B: Condens. Matter 2004, 344, 398–406.

Crossref Google Scholar
[37]

Jiang, Z.; Yang, F.; Yang, G. D.; Kong, L.; Jones, M. O.; Xiao, T. C.; Edwards, P. P. The hydrothermal synthesis of BiOBr flakes for visible-light-responsive photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 2010, 212, 8–13.

Crossref Google Scholar
[38]

Tauc, J.; Grigorovici, R.; Vancu, A. Optical properties and electronic structure of amorphous germanium. Phys. Status Solidi (B) 1966, 15, 627–637.

Crossref Google Scholar
[39]

Fang, Y. J.; Armin, A.; Meredith, P.; Huang, J. S. Accurate characterization of next-generation thin-film photodetectors. Nat. Photonics 2019, 13, 1–4.

Crossref Google Scholar
[40]

Ghosh, S.; Kargar, F.; Mohammadzadeh, A.; Rumyantsev, S.; Balandin, A. A. Low-frequency electronic noise in quasi-2D van der Waals antiferromagnetic semiconductor FePS3-signatures of phase transitions. Adv. Electron. Mater. 2021, 7, 2100408.

Crossref Google Scholar
[41]

Liu, G. X.; Rumyantsev, S.; Bloodgood, M. A.; Salguero, T. T.; Shur, M.; Balandin, A. A. Low-frequency electronic noise in quasi-1D TaSe3 van der Waals Nanowires. Nano Lett. 2017, 17, 377–383.

Crossref Google Scholar
[42]

Chen, C. H.; Lee, C. T. High detectivity mechanism of ZnO-based nanorod ultraviolet photodetectors. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 2013, 25, 348–351.

Crossref Google Scholar
[43]

Song, J. X.; Shu, K. X.; Wang, J. L.; Wang, X. F.; Huo, N. J.; Nötzel, R. Origin of the low-frequency 1/f noise of a photoelectrochemical photodetector. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 2022, 69, 6184–6187.

Crossref Google Scholar
[44]

Rose, A. Performance of photoconductors. Proc. IRE 1955, 43, 1850–1869.

Crossref Google Scholar
[45]

Lee, J. S.; Kovalenko, M. V.; Huang, J.; Chung, D. S.; Talapin, D. V. Band-like transport, high electron mobility and high photoconductivity in all-inorganic nanocrystal arrays. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2011, 6, 348–352.

Crossref Google Scholar
[46]

Bube, R. H. Photoconductivity of the sulfide, selenide, and telluride of zinc or cadmium. Proc. IRE 1955, 43, 1836–1850.

Crossref Google Scholar
Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 7,
July 2023
Pages 9561-9568
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-5493-5
Cite this article:
Zhang L, Wang X, Zhou W, et al. Fast UV–vis–NIR photoresponse of self-oriented F16CuPc nanoribbons. Nano Research, 2023, 16(7): 9561-9568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-5493-5
Topics:
Chemical vapor depositionNanoribbonsOrganic semiconductor materialsPhotodetectors
Metrics & Citations  
Article History
Copyright
Return