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Research Article

Dual-filler reinforced PVDF-HFP based polymer electrolyte enabling high-safety design of lithium metal batteries

Chang Fang§Kangsheng Huang§Jing ZhaoShiqi TianHui Dou ( )Xiaogang Zhang ( )
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

§ Chang Fang and Kangsheng Huang contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

A unique polymer solid electrolyte membrane is prepared through the synergistic effect of SiO2 aerogel and Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO). The dual filler imparts excellent flame retardancy and multiple Li+ transport pathways to the electrolyte membrane. Moreover, the assembled pouch cell can function normally even under external mechanical abuse, which meets the high-safety and high-voltage requirements of lithium-metal batteries.

Abstract

Despite the high energy density of lithium metal batteries (LMBs), their application in rechargeable batteries is still hampered due to insufficient safety. Here, we present a novel flame-retardant solid-state electrolyte based on polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) with nano SiO2 aerogel as an inert filler but Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) as an auxiliary component to enhance the ion conductivity. The introduction of SiO2 aerogels imparts the polymer electrolyte with exceptional thermal stability and flame retardancy. Simultaneously, the interaction between hydroxyl groups of SiO2 particles and PVDF-HFP creates a strong cross-linking structure, enhancing the mechanical strength and stability of the electrolyte. Furthermore, the presence of SiO2 aerogel and LLZTO facilitates the dissociation of lithium salts through Lewis acid-base interactions, resulting in a high ionic conductivity of 1.01 × 10−3 S·cm−1 and a wide electrochemical window of ~ 5.0 V at room temperature for the prepared electrolytes. Remarkably, the assembled Li|Li cell demonstrates the excellent resistance to lithium dendrite and runs stablly for over 1500 h at a current density of 0.25 mA·cm−2. Thus, we prepare a pouch cell with high safety, which can work normally after short-circuiting under the external folding and cutting.

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Nano Research
Pages 5251-5260
Cite this article:
Fang C, Huang K, Zhao J, et al. Dual-filler reinforced PVDF-HFP based polymer electrolyte enabling high-safety design of lithium metal batteries. Nano Research, 2024, 17(6): 5251-5260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6502-z
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Received: 22 November 2023
Revised: 09 January 2024
Accepted: 18 January 2024
Published: 07 March 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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