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Research Article

Ultrathin polyimide-based composites with efficient low-reflectivity electromagnetic shielding and infrared stealth performance

Xu Zhao1,§, Xinwei Tang1,§, Yunlong Qiao1, Shuangshuang Li1, Zihang Zhang1, Yezi Lu1, Mingyang Zhu1, Zaiyin Hu2, Lijuan Long3, Zicheng Wang1( ), Tianxi Liu1( )
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Guizhou Aerospace Wujiang Electro-mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., No. 20-5, Dalian Road Aerospace Industrial Park, Huichuan District, Zunyi 563000, China
School of Materials and Architectural Engineering, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China

§ Xu Zhao and Xinwei Tang contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

An ultrathin polyimide-based nonwoven fabric is successfully fabricated by in-situ loading of Fe3O4/Ag nanoparticles on the surface of polyimide fiber, and followed by bonding with Cu/Ni mesh. The synergistic assembly promotes the rational construction of hierarchical impedance matching and the formation of electromagnetic resonance and destructive interference, endowing the composite with a low-reflectivity electromagnetic shielding performance. Meanwhile, the thermal insulation of nonwoven fabric and low infrared emissivity of Cu/Ni mesh synergistically facilitate the realization of infrared stealth performance in various environments.

Abstract

Researching and manufacturing materials that possess both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared stealth capabilities is of great significance. Herein, an ultrathin polyimide-based nonwoven fabric with low-reflection EMI shielding/infrared stealth performance is successfully fabricated by in-situ loading of Fe3O4/Ag nanoparticles on the surface of polyimide (PI) fiber (PFA), and followed by bonding with a commercial Cu/Ni mesh. The synergistic assembly of PFA and Cu/Ni promotes the rational construction of hierarchical impedance matching, inducing electromagnetic waves (EMW) to enter the composite and be dissipated as much as possible. Meanwhile, the existence of Cu/Ni mesh on back of PFA facilitates the formation of electromagnetic resonance and destructive interference of EMW reflected from composite, leading to a lower-reflectivity (0.26) EMI shielding performance of 58 dB within 24–40 GHz at a thinner thickness (430 μm). More importantly, the fluffy PFA nonwoven fabric and metal Cu/Ni mesh endow composite with good thermal insulation and low infrared emissivity, resulting in excellent infrared stealth performance in various environments. As a result, such excellent compatibility makes it possible to become a promising defense material to be applied in military tent for preventing electromagnetic and infrared radiation.

Keywords

polyimideelectromagnetic interference shieldinglow reflectioninfrared stealth

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 7,
July 2024
Pages 6700-6712
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6650-1
Cite this article:
Zhao X, Tang X, Qiao Y, et al. Ultrathin polyimide-based composites with efficient low-reflectivity electromagnetic shielding and infrared stealth performance. Nano Research, 2024, 17(7): 6700-6712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6650-1
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Received: 11 January 2024
Revised: 21 March 2024
Accepted: 24 March 2024
Published: 02 May 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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