Polymer-based composite solid electrolytes (CSEs), incorporating fast Li⁺-conducting ceramic phases, leverage the advantages of both components to become one of the most promising next-generation solid electrolyte configurations. However, the interfacial incompatibility between the organic and inorganic components inevitably creates significant barriers to the interfacial Li⁺ transport, representing a key challenge in further enhancing the ionic conductivity of CSEs. Herein, we pioneered a confined solvation strategy by growing a metal-organic framework (MOF) layer impregnated with ionic liquid (IL) on the surface of Li_0.33La_0.557TiO₃ (LLTO) fibers, and subsequently incorporating the composite fibers into a polyethylene oxide (PEO) matrix to fabricate a novel CSE (signed as LLTO/ZIF-8@IL/PEO). Benefiting from the unique porous structure and attraction of the metal centers toward anions of MOF, IL is tightly confined within the MOF framework, while retaining its liquid-like high ionic conductivity and interfacial wetting ability at the nano scale. As a result, the Li⁺ transport efficiency is substantially improved across the PEO-LLTO fiber interface to enable a high ionic conductivity of 1.07 × 10⁻³ S·cm⁻¹ at 60 °C for LLTO/ZIF-8@IL/PEO. The corresponding pouch cell with a LiFePO₄ (LFP) cathode (22 mg loading) and a lithium metal anode can successfully charge a mobile phone and deliver a stable capacity of 135.02 mAh·g⁻¹ at 0.2 C over 100 cycles. This confined solvation strategy offers a universal and efficient approach for improving the Li⁺ transport across the polymer-ceramic interface in CSEs.

Researching and manufacturing materials that possess both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared stealth capabilities is of great significance. Herein, an ultrathin polyimide-based nonwoven fabric with low-reflection EMI shielding/infrared stealth performance is successfully fabricated by in-situ loading of Fe₃O₄/Ag nanoparticles on the surface of polyimide (PI) fiber (PFA), and followed by bonding with a commercial Cu/Ni mesh. The synergistic assembly of PFA and Cu/Ni promotes the rational construction of hierarchical impedance matching, inducing electromagnetic waves (EMW) to enter the composite and be dissipated as much as possible. Meanwhile, the existence of Cu/Ni mesh on back of PFA facilitates the formation of electromagnetic resonance and destructive interference of EMW reflected from composite, leading to a lower-reflectivity (0.26) EMI shielding performance of 58 dB within 24–40 GHz at a thinner thickness (430 μm). More importantly, the fluffy PFA nonwoven fabric and metal Cu/Ni mesh endow composite with good thermal insulation and low infrared emissivity, resulting in excellent infrared stealth performance in various environments. As a result, such excellent compatibility makes it possible to become a promising defense material to be applied in military tent for preventing electromagnetic and infrared radiation.

In recent years, the concept of rechargeable aqueous Zn–CO₂ batteries has attracted extensive attention owing to their dual functionality of power supply and simultaneous conversion of CO₂ into value-added chemicals or fuels. The state-of-the-art research has been mainly focused on the exploration of working mechanisms and catalytic cathodes but hardly applies an integrative view. Although numerous studies have proven the feasibility of rechargeable aqueous Zn–CO₂ batteries, challenges remain including the low CO₂ conversion efficiency, poor battery capacity, and low energy efficiency. This review systematically summarizes the working principles and devices, and the catalytic cathodes used for Zn–CO₂ batteries. The challenges and prospects in this field are also elaborated, providing insightful guidance for the future development of rechargeable aqueous Zn–CO₂ batteries with high performance.

Designing and fabricating efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials becomes a significant and urgent concern. Hence, a novel ultrathin, flexible, and oxidation-resistant MXene-based graphene (M-rGX) porous film is successfully fabricated by electrostatic self-assembly between MXene and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, and subsequently thermal annealing under hydrogen-argon atmosphere. The rapid breakaway of functional groups on GO and MXene sheets induces formation of porous conductive network in film, thereby facilitating efficient shielding for incident electromagnetic waves. The optimal absolute shielding effectiveness (SSE/t) value of 76,422 dB·cm²·g⁻¹ can be achieved at a thinner thickness of 15 μm. More importantly, the effective removal of functional groups on MXene conspicuously improves the oxidation resistance of the film, endowing it with an excellent durability (12 months) in EMI shielding performance.