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Short Communication | Open Access

Elevated plasminogen activators are associated with hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Zhe Kang Lawa,b, Michael Desboroughc, Kamini Rakkara, Philip M. Batha, Ulvi Bayraktutana,1( ), Nikola Sprigga,1
Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, UK
Department of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia
Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK

1 Equal senior author.

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Abstract

Endogenous fibrinolysis might lead to hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We studied plasma biomarkers of fibrinolysis and hemostasis in twenty-two patients with ICH and nine healthy controls (HC) in a single-center study. Patients with ICH had significantly higher D-dimer and plasmin-alpha-2-antiplasmin complexes compared to HC. At baseline, patients with hematoma progression had higher urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and lower plasminogen levels, compared to those with no progression. 24-hour and day-7 matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was significantly increased in patients with hematoma progression.

Keywords

Intracerebral hemorrhageClinical trialHematoma growthFibrinolysisPlasminogen activatorsPlasma biomarker

References

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Brain Hemorrhages
Volume 1 Issue 1,
March 2020
Pages 75-79
DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2019.12.001
Cite this article:
Law ZK, Desborough M, Rakkar K, et al. Elevated plasminogen activators are associated with hematoma progression in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Brain Hemorrhages, 2020, 1(1): 75-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2019.12.001

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Received: 07 August 2019
Accepted: 19 December 2019
Published: 23 January 2020
© 2020

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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