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Research Article | Open Access

Three-dimensional lightweight melamine foams modified by MXene sheets and CoNi alloys towards multifunctional microwave absorption

Nannan Wu1,§(), Zhengying Shen1,§, Yitao Ma1, Zhizheng Wu2, Chuanxin Hou3(), Sijie Guo4, Jian Tian1(), Jiurong Liu5()
School of Material Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

§ Nannan Wu and Zhengying Shen contributed equally to this work.

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The multifunctional three-dimensional (3D) MF@MXene/CoNi@C foams were fabricated successfully and displayed outstanding microwave absorption, infrared stealth, and light-to-thermal conversions.

Abstract

Taking the increasing issue of electromagnetic waves (EMW) pollution and the necessity for applications in extreme environments, there is a pressing requirement to create multifunctional microwave absorption materials (MAMs) to meet the current challenges. In this work, we achieved the successful combination of MXene sheets and metal organic framework (MOFs) derived CoNi@C magnetic alloys onto the three-dimensional (3D) melamine foam (MF) skeleton using vacuum impregnation and electrostatic self-assembly techniques. The obtained MF@MXene/CoNi@C composite foams achieved outstanding MA performance, with an optimal reflection loss (RL) value of –24.1 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.88 GHz at a thickness of 1.68 mm, effectively covering the whole Ku band. The superior MA performance is ascribed to the composite foams’ multi-component architecture, distinctive 3D porous structure, and the synergistic impact of multiple loss mechanisms. Moreover, the MF@MXene/CoNi@C composite foams demonstrate exceptional photothermal conversion, thermal insulation, and infrared stealth capabilities, effectively coping with the demands of applications in extreme environments. This work serves as a valuable resource and source of inspiration for the development of lightweight-broadband, multifunctional efficient MAMs.

Keywords

multifunctionalmicrowave absorptionMXenethermal insulationinfrared stealth

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Nano Research
Volume 18 Issue 2,
February 2025
Article number: 94907121
DOI: 10.26599/NR.2025.94907121
Cite this article:
Wu N, Shen Z, Ma Y, et al. Three-dimensional lightweight melamine foams modified by MXene sheets and CoNi alloys towards multifunctional microwave absorption. Nano Research, 2025, 18(2): 94907121. https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94907121
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