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Research Article | Open Access

Fe-Co-Ni ternary single-atom electrocatalyst and stable quasi-solid-electrolyte enabling high-efficiency zinc-air batteries

Shifeng Qin1,§, Kaiqi Li2,§, Mengxue Cao1, Wuhua Liu3, Zhongyuan Huang1( ), Guanjie He2( ), Ivan P. Parkin2( ), Huanxin Li1,4,5( )
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
Guizhou Dalong Huicheng New Material Co., Ltd, Tongren 554001, China
Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK

§ Shifeng Qin and Kaiqi Li contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

A Fe-Co-Ni ternary single-atom catalyst (FeCoNi-Nx), derived from a ZIF precursor, demonstrated remarkable efficacy as an oxygen electrocatalyst. Paired with an optimized flexible casting-drying polyvinyl alcohol (CD-PVA) film serving as a quasi-solid electrolyte host, it enabled high-efficiency solid-state Zn-air batteries. The rechargeable Zn-air battery, based on FeCoNi-Nx, exhibited outstanding specific capacity (846.8 mAh·gZn–1) and power density (135 mW·cm–2) in aqueous electrolyte, and achieved over 60 mW·cm–2 power density in quasi-solid electrolyte. Consequently, the quasi-solid-state Zn-air battery, with a compact area of just 2 cm2, successfully charged a mobile phone, surpassing all previously reported devices.

Abstract

The non-noble metal (Fe, Co, Ni, etc.) catalysts possess promising potential to replace noble metals (e.g., Pt, Ru, Ir, etc.) as catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis. Up to now, various mono- and dual-single-atom catalysts have been fabricated, though it is still challenging to synthesise ternary single-atom catalysts due to the difference of interaction forces between different metal ions (Fe, Co, Ni, etc.) and ligands. Here, we report a Fe-Co-Ni ternary single-atom catalyst (FeCoNi-Nx) derived from a zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF) precursor as an efficient oxygen electrocatalyst, and an optimised flexible casting-drying polyvinyl alcohol (CD-PVA) film as a quasi-solid electrolyte host, for high-efficiency solid-state Zn-air batteries. The aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM and EELS spectrum confirm the co-existence of Fe, Co and Ni single atoms in the FeCoNi-Nx catalyst, and the electrochemical, mechanical, and durability tests prove the superiority of the CD-PVA film. As a result, the FeCoNi-Nx-based rechargeable Zn-air battery delivers superior specific capacity (846.8 mAh·gZn–1) and power density (135 mW·cm–2) in aqueous electrolyte, as well as an over 60 mW·cm–2 power density in quasi-solid electrolyte. As a result, the quasi-solid-state Zn-air battery with a small area of only 2 cm2 is able to charge a mobile phone, which outperforms all the reported devices to date.

Keywords

Fe-Co-Ni ternary single atomselectrocatalystCD-PVA filmsolid-state Zn-air batterylong-term durability

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Nano Research Energy
Volume 3 Issue 3,
September 2024
Article number: e9120122
DOI: 10.26599/NRE.2024.9120122
Cite this article:
Qin S, Li K, Cao M, et al. Fe-Co-Ni ternary single-atom electrocatalyst and stable quasi-solid-electrolyte enabling high-efficiency zinc-air batteries. Nano Research Energy, 2024, 3: e9120122. https://doi.org/10.26599/NRE.2024.9120122

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Received: 19 February 2024
Revised: 22 April 2024
Accepted: 25 April 2024
Published: 17 May 2024
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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