| 1 | In 2003, Galo et al. | Microspheres were prepared from poly (vinyl alcohol) and methacrylate using ultrasound-assisted cross-linking reaction. These microspheres used as versatile biomaterial for potential biomedical appli-cation. They showed feasibility of synthetic and met-hodology approaches for the obtainment of microde-vices suitable for regulated drug delivery and as contrast agent for aerographic. | [44] |
| 2 | In 2009, Piush Khare and Sanjay K. Jain | Prepared chitosan microspheres and studied the effect of viscosity of external oil phase on the properties of microspheres prepared by emulsification method. Effect of viscosity on percent mucoadhesion, percent drug entrapment, zeta potential, and percent process yield of microspheres has been observed. The results revealed a difference in the drug release pattern of the different microspheres prepared as a function of viscosity of different oil phase. Use of low viscose oil resulted in the formulation of spherical and small size microspheres. | [45] |
| 3 | In 2012, M.N. Abdorrwza, et al. | Studies the effects of acid hydrolysis on physicoch-emical and rheological properties of sago starch investigated. Sago starch hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid. The molecular weight distribution, physicoch-emical, thermal, and rheological properties of acid-hydrolyzed sago starch (AHS) were determined. The results showed both amylose and amylopectin were hydrolyzed and depolymerised to a different extent. By controlling the degree of hydrolysis, the amylose content can be increased; this improves the gel strength and consequently utility for products that need high amylose content such as films. Acid hydrolysis can decrease the gelling point and therefore improve the solubility in water | [46] |
| 4 | In2014, Geng, Shengyong, et al. | Two kinds of doxorubicin-loaded liposomes incorpo-rated with cholesterol derivatives were studied. Both showed better long-term storage stability than the conventional PC-liposome due to cholesterol unit. After PEGylation, their spontaneous drug leakages both in PBS and 50% serum were inhibited, and the storage stability was improved. The in vivo study showed that PEGylation could increase the plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concent-ration vs. time curve (AUC) of DOX, and the half-life was more prolonged than the non-PEGylated ones. In particular, the neutral cholesterol derivative ACB prolonged the circulation time of liposomes in systemic circulation and improved drug | [47] |
| 5 | In 2015, Helen et al. | prepared novel starch-poly(vinyl alcohol) micropar-ticles, polymer-coated drug microparticles were prepared by emulsion method. OM, SEM, and AFM study revealed that the microparticles were within 10μm of size with smooth spherical shape. FTIR showed absence of drug polymer interaction. Hence this novel polymer of starch and poly(vinyl alcohol) can be utilized for control release of the drug from a targeted delivery device | [48] |
| 6 | In 2018, Puiggalí-Jou, Anna, et al. | Electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) microfibers loaded with poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nan-oparticles (PEDOT NPs) and curcumin with diameter of 3.9 ± 0.7 μm have been prepared. PEDOT NPs, which are mainly located inside the PCL microfibers, exhibit a diameter of 99 ± 21 nm. PEDOT- and curcumin-containing PCL microfibers behave as extracellular cell matrices, facilitating cell spreading and enhancing cell proliferation because of their heterogeneity and roughness. The release of curcu-min from the PCL microfibers by simple diffusion is very slow, external electric stimuli being required to boost and regulate the curcumin delivery process. PEDOT NPs behave as electroactuators upon applic-ation of well-defined potential pulses, increasing their diameter by about 17% and migrating from inside the PCL matrix to the surface of the micro-fibers. This electromechanical actuation mechanism affects the structure of the PCL matrix, promoting the release of curcumin that increases with the number of pulses | [49] |
| 7 | In 2018, Gholam Reza Mahdavinia et al. | Manufactured magnetic chitosan/PVA/laponite RD beads utilized for adsorption study of a model pro-tein, bovine serum albumin (BSA). The adsorption of BSA on beads was pH- dependent where smaller mass of protein adsorbed at pH values lower than isoelectric point of BSA. The results showed that magnetic laponite RD can improve the adsorption capacity of magnetic beads for BSA in which hydr-ogel with the highest content of magnetic laponite RD demonstrated the maximum adsorption capacity for BSA (qm = 240.5 mg/g) | [50] |
| 8 | In 2018, Chauhan, A. S. | It has been shown that PAMAM can enhance aque-ous solubility, stability, solubility, drug release, targeting and pharmacokinetics of different drugs. The future of drug delivery will be the manufacture of "nanobots" capable of performing multiple func-tions within the body. These "nanorobots" can either be degradable or leave the body through excretory methods. Designing a sophisticated drug delivery platform requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes the disciplines of chemistry, engineering, and pharmacy. Dendrimer\'s nanotechnology has the potential to create next-generation drug delivery platforms due to its multifunctional capability. The future of the divers will be to exploit their multif-unctional capabilities and engineered platforms. The idea that originated through "tree branches" has now taken root in "drug delivery". | [51] |
| 9 | In 2021, A. Luraghi, et al. | Drug delivery devices are promising tools in the pharmaceutical field, as they are able to maximize the therapeutic effects of the delivered drug while minimizing the undesired side effects. In the past years, electrospun nanofibers attracted rising attention due to their unique features, like biocompatibility and broad flexibility. Incorporation of active principles in nanofibrous meshes proved to be an efficient method for in situ delivery of a wide range of drugs, expanding the possibility and applicability of those devices. The principle of electrospinning and different fields of applications are treated to give an overview of the recent literature, underlining the easy tuning and endless combination of this technique, that in the future could be the new frontier of personalized medicine. | [52] |
| 10 | In 2019, H.N. Jawad, et al. | The microspheres were produced with diameters up to 150 micrometers and diameter keep stable in size with narrow size distribution for the high concent-ration of PVA. The wall thickness increased with increasing the concentration of PVA. The static stability of low concentration is low and incipient but it is moderate at the higher concentration, The dynamic stability of microspheres with the shear rate increased with the increasing the concentration in vivo conditions. At low PVA concentration showed the deformation of microspheres, while the moderate concentration and high indicates acceptable stability. | [53] |
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