Qing Ming Shang He Tu, also known by its English name as the "Along the River during the Qingming Festival", is one of the most famous paintings in China to describe the human’s daily life in the capital city Bian Liang (also known as Dong Jing and Kai Feng city today) of Northern Song dynasty. It captures the environment and activities of the city and rural area on both banks of River Bain including architecture, street networks and arrangements, commercial trading activities, characters, transportation, etc. There is a lot of debates about the season described in the painting, most of which is attributed to the spring tomb sweeping festival, to reflect the two words "Qing Ming" in the name of the painting. However other scholars thought some scenes in the painting also show that this is not the scene appearing in the spring, so the season in the painting should be autumn. In addition to the studies in history and in the painting, this study, from a scientific perspective, reproduces the scene model in "Qing Ming Shang He Tu", through CFD, simulating the environmental conditions of spring and autumn, to discuss the mystery about the season in "Qing Ming Shang He Tu" by thermal comfort analysis method.

Since the 21st century, problems such as global warming and energy depletion have become important issues to scientists and architects. The architectural design nowadays often relies on large amount of mechanical equipment to create a comfortable environment for the users. However, it burdens and deteriorates the nature. On the other hand, some of the traditional architecture in the past can cope with the local humid and hot climate, achieving good passive heat control for the environment. Therefore, this study explores the relation between traditional residents in Taiwan’s use of space and the external environment and climate through modern environment measurement technique, restores and conducts quantitative analysis on the interior thermal environment and light environment of Lin-An-Tai Historical House in the past through Ecotect Analysis, and analyzes the results of the calculation in terms of its spatial allocation, openings, and outer walls, etc. This study also evaluates the effects of lighting and user's sense of comfortable temperature under its environmental conditions according to the standards of residential quality nowadays. It further studies the ancestor of traditional architecture by reviewing its spatial order and compares to the current situation in order to feedback the modern architecture design. Part of the results of the simulation show that the variation of temperature indoors in each space is less dynamic than that of outdoors. The temperature in the space at the right of the main hall (northwestern side) is generally higher than that in the left (southeastern side). The highest temperature in the space farther away from the interior patio is usually higher than that in the space closer to the interior patio. The temperature near the outer side of the space above Hulong is higher than that in the middle. Accordingly, the location is closely related to the interior temperature. As to human's sense of comfortable temperature, the results show that in summer, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) in the space at the left of the main hall (southeastern side) is generally higher than that in the right (northwestern side). In winter, the sense of comfortable temperature in the rooms in the corner is lower than that in other rooms at the inner side, the comparison between the space ethical order and the evaluation result did not show any obvious relationship. For the evaluation of lighting, the main hall and the restaurant at the outer left Hulong have better lighting while other space does not have sufficient and even lighting. Artificial lighting is needed to make the space more functional, the results shows that lighting conditions of space did not metaphor to the space ethical order.