The topical issues of computational and experimental studies of wind effects of residential complexes in Moscow are reviewed on the examples of project building objects for verification of design solutions. The continued development of scientific school of architecture and construction aerodynamics is presented as well as its research on the aeration, urban air quality and pedestrian comfort. The results are various comfort criteria actually used in most affluent countries as a guide in the design of apartment houses. As a research method, physical modeling in a wind tunnel and numerical modeling in specialized software complexes are considered. Studies were conducted on the basis of Educational-Scientific-Production Laboratory for Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic Test Building Constructions (ESPLab AATBC ) using the Large Research Gradient Aerodynamic Tunnel. The results of a comprehensive computational and experimental study of the effect of wind on urban areas are used to develop design solutions (landscaping and urban greening and others) for integrated land improvement to compensate for bioclimatic discomfort.