With the frequent occurrence of various disasters, serious damage has been caused to social and economic development. Therefore, disaster management plays an increasingly significant role in controlling disasters and reducing losses. This study aims to provide a dynamic interaction assessment method for the emergency management department to manage disasters. For this purpose, the classical Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method is first extended with bipolar 2-tuple linguistic information to model both the negative and positive influences among factors involved in coping with disaster. Then, the weights of influential factors are determined according to their total interaction relationships derived by extended DEMATEL. After that, the performances or states of factors are suggested to be appraised under a bipolar 2-tuple linguistic environment. Further, the performance or state simulation rule of factors is proposed based on their initial states and the interactions among them during disaster management. According to the simulation results, a weighted average operator is employed to obtain the overall performance values of emergency scenarios. Finally, an illustrative example and comparative analysis are presented for elucidating the feasibility and usefulness of the suggested method. Results of a case study show that the proposed method has the abilities to capture the interactions among influential factors and explore how the factors and their interactions affect disaster management. The proposed method could provide valuable information to emergency management departments for managing disasters more effectively.

A flexible and free-standing multichannel carbon nanofiber (MCNF) film electrode was fabricated through electrospinning and carbonization. After high-temperature treatment of MCNFs in vacuum, the obtained fibers (MCNFs-V) had a dilated interlayer spacing of graphene sheets (0.398 nm) and an ultra-low specific surface area (15.3 m²/g). When used as an anode for sodium-ion batteries, the MCNFs-V showed a discharge plateau below 0.1 V, and sodium was intercalated into the stacked graphene sheets layers during the sodiation process. The MCNFs-V exhibited a reversible and high specific capacity of 222 mAh/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles and excellent long-term cycling stability, which was superior to that of MCNFs. The improved sodium storage performance was attributed to the unique microstructure of the MCNFs-V with an enlarged interlayer spacing of graphene sheets for sodium intercalation. The MCNFs-V electrode holds great promise as an anode material for commercial sodium-ion batteries.