In this work, pitch-based carbon fibers were utilized to reinforce silicon carbide (SiC) composites via reaction melting infiltration (RMI) method by controlling the reaction temperature and resin carbon content. Thermal conductivities and bending strengths of composites obtained under different preparation conditions were characterized by various analytical methods. Results showed the formation of SiC whiskers (SiC_w) during RMI process according to vapor-solid (VS) mechanism. SiC_w played an important role in toughening the C_pf/SiC composites due to crack bridging, crack deflection, and SiC_w pull-out. Increase in reaction temperature during RMI process led to an initial increase in thermal conductivity along in-plane and thickness directions of composites, followed by a decline. At reaction temperature of 1600 ℃, thermal conductivities along the in-plane and thickness directions were estimated to be 203.00 and 39.59 W/(m•K), respectively. Under these conditions, bending strength was recorded as 186.15±3.95 MPa. Increase in resin carbon content before RMI process led to the generation of more SiC matrix. Thermal conductivities along in-plane and thickness directions remained stable with desirable values of 175.79 and 38.86 W/(m•K), respectively. By comparison, optimal bending strength improved to 244.62±3.07 MPa. In sum, these findings look promising for future application of pitch-based carbon fibers for reinforcement of SiC ceramic composites.