Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a tropical fruit that is widely consumed as both fresh fruits and processed products around the world. The high incidence of mango allergy, on the other hand, has sparked widespread concern. Therefore, a summary and analysis of the current status and issues in mango allergen research can guide in-depth study on the mechanism of mango allergy and reveal effective desensitization methods. We described the incidence of fruit allergy, as well as the mechanism and clinical symptoms of mango allergy, in this review. We also looked into the structural properties of mango allergens, the effect of processing methods on mango allergens, prediction methods for mango allergen epitopes, and the current state of research on mango cross-reactive allergens and preventive measures. Finally, the research directions and ideas for the future are proposed and discussed.

To investigate the anti-α_s1-casein allergy mechanism of two tea-derived polyphenols, epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with α_s1-casein and nutritional intervention was given by EGC and EGCG during the sensitization provocation phase. The main evaluation indexes used were levels of mast cell proteases, histamine, and specific antibody immunoglobulin E (IgE), as well as cytokine secretion and pathological observation. The results showed that both EGC and EGCG significantly reduced levels of mast cell protease, histamine, specific IgE antibodies, and Th2 cytokines in allergic mice. The histopathology results showed that both EGC and EGCG markedly reduced the degree of lesions in the intestine, thymus, spleen, and lung. The conclusions from this study can provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism by which tea polyphenols regulate food allergens.

α_s1-Casein is a potential allergen to induce hypersensitivity in cow milk. We had identified α_s1-casein and its epitopes in previous studies. The present study aimed to evaluate the allergic mechanism of α_s1-casein in a BALB/c mouse model. The levels of specific IgE, mast cell proteinase, histamine and cytokines in sensitized mice were determined, and the clinical and pathological observation were evaluated. Results showed that the levels of specific IgE, mast cell proteinase, histamine, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 increased significantly with a dose-dependent trend. The local alveolar septum collapsed or thickened, and lymphatic foci were produced in the spleen and thymus, and the inflammatory cells infiltrated in small intestinal mucosa mesenchyme. In conclusion, the levels of specific IgE, mast cell proteinase, histamine, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and some inflammatory factors could possibly serve as allergic biomarkers of α_s1-casein, however, additional studies on signal transduction and gene expression are necessary in future.