Chitosan is a natural polymer that can be modified into chemically different types. In order to imply biomedical applications, the chitosan dissolved in aqueous medium. Therefore, in the present study, functionally substituted chemical groups such as O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), N-succinyl chitosan (NSC), quaternary ammonium chitosan (QAC) and tripoly phosphate chitosan (TPC) were synthesized. The peptide derived from Clarias batrachus was used as a drug that is successfully entrapped with NSC nanoparticles and were characterized by FTIR, AFM, SEM, Zeta sizer, fluorescent imaging and SDS-PAGE. In addition, antimicrobial activity was examined. The results of NSC obtained particle size (~64 nm) with highest solubility and 80% of antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant pathogen Klebsiella pneumonia. Finally, the release profile indicates that the NSC nanoparticles deliver the peptide with 75% sustainable release and good availability up to 96 h. The current research was the first to report the characterization of peptide with NSC nanoparticles by SDS-PAGE, in which the antimicrobial activity was enhanced up to 80%, the particle sizes were obtained ~64 nm from SEM and AFM, and NSC-peptide exhibited 75% of sustainable release and good availability up to 96 h.

Biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles is considered to be a cost effective and eco-friendly approach. Here we have demonstrated biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Ficus Carica extract at room temperature. Ficus Carica fruit extract can be used as reducing as well as capping agent without adding any external reducing agents. The rate of formation of AgNPs was monitored by using UV-Vis spectroscopy by measuring the absorbance at 420 nm for different molar ratios of plant extract to silver nitrate concentrations. The resulting AgNPs was isolated and characterized with various instrumental methods such as FTIR, XRD and FE-SEM to study the size and shape of particles and functional group of the stabilizing agents. The particles sizes are found to be 20-25 nm ranges with face centered cubic crystal structure of AgNPs. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs synthesized by biogenic method was tested against gram negative and gram positive micro-organism. An enhanced antimicrobial activity was observed with AgNPs synthesized from fruit extract when compared with AgNPs synthesized by EDTA method.