At the age of artificial intelligence, the inheritance and development of innovation culture are crucial for constructing an innovative country, and they are major components of cultural intelligence computing. The portrait of innovation ability is a digital representation of innovative culture, and its accurate description is the basis for the personalized cultivation of innovation ability. Therefore, how to objectively and accurately design a labeling system for an innovation ability portrait and depict a high-pixel portrait is an urgent problem to be solved for the digital representation of innovation culture. To address this problem, based on innovation theory, our study (1) uses a combination of subjective and objective methods to design an innovation ability evaluation system, (2) constructs a scientific and reasonable portrait label system, (3) represents the system’s results as individual students’ innovation ability portraits and student groups’ innovation ability portraits, and (4) visualizes the portraits’ results. Finally, considering resource recommendation as an example, this study (1) adopts a computational model of crowd intelligence computing, (2) designs and implements a personalized recommendation system for educational resources based on the resulting innovation ability portraits, (3) improves the computing efficiency, and (4) expounds the applications of portraits in personalized learning, precise teaching, and smart educational decision-making to promote personalized innovative talent training and realize the core value of innovative culture.