The integrated circuits based on carrier charge have neared their physical limits, which are constrained by the von Neumann architecture and incapable of meeting the demands for information storage, processing, and transmission from the rapid advancements in mass data and artificial intelligence. Recently discovered two-dimensional magnets, with their strengths in multi-field manipulation and high-density heterogeneous integration, have presented significant opportunities for the development of novel devices such as compute-in-memory. However, generating stable magnetic order in two-dimensional systems at room temperature is still difficult. Here, we have devised a liquid-phase precursor-assisted chemical vapor deposition methodology for the synthesis of vanadium-doped MoS₂ monolayers. Magnetic measurements showed an augmentation of magnetic signals concurrent with an increase in growth temperature and doping concentration. Field-effect transistor assessments using the synthesized V-doped MoS₂ monolayer as the conducting channel indicated a transition from n-type semiconducting to p-type at a doping concentration of around 6.8%, further corroborated by theoretical computations. Our study not only presents a novel synthetic approach toward the production of two-dimensional magnetic materials but also elucidates the potential of doping procedures for modulating electrical characteristics.

The facile reconfiguration of phases plays a pivotal role in enhancing the electrocatalytic production of H₂ through heterostructure formation. While chemical methods have been explored extensively for this purpose, plasma-based techniques offer a promising avenue for achieving heterostructured nano-frameworks. However, the conventional plasma approach introduces complexities, leading to a multi-step fabrication process and challenges in precisely controlling partial surface structure modulation due to the intricate interaction environment. In our pursuit of heterostructures with optimized oxygen evolution reaction (OER) behavior, we have designed a facile auxiliary insulator-confined plasma system to directly attain a Ni₃N–NiO heterostructure (hNiNO). By meticulously controlling the surface heating process during plasma processing, such approach allows for the streamlined fabrication of hNiNO nano-frameworks. The resulting nano-framework exhibits outstanding catalytic performance, as evidenced by its overpotential of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm⁻², in an alkaline environment. This stands in stark contrast to the performance of NiO-covered Ni₃N fabricated using the conventional plasma method (sNiNO). Operando plasma diagnostics, coupled with numerical simulations, further substantiates the influence of surface heating due to auxiliary insulator confinement of the substrate on typical plasma parameters and the formation of the Ni₃N–NiO nanostructure, highlighting the pivotal role of controlled surface temperature in creating a high-performance heterostructured electrocatalyst.

Photocatalytic hydrogen generation represents a promising strategy for the establishment of a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy reservoir. However, the current solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency is not yet sufficient for practical hydrogen production, highlighting the need for further research and development. Here, we report the synthesis of a Sn-doped TiO₂ continuous homojunction hollow sphere, achieved through controlled calcination time. The incorporation of a gradient doping profile has been demonstrated to generate a gradient in the band edge energy, facilitating carrier orientation migration. Furthermore, the hollow sphere’s outer and inner sides provide spatially separated reaction sites allowing for the separate acceptance of holes and electrons, which enables the rapid utilization of carriers after separation. As a result, the hollow sphere TiO₂ with gradient Sn doping exhibits a significantly increased hydrogen production rate of 20.1 mmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹. This study offers a compelling and effective approach to the designing and fabricating highly efficient nanostructured photocatalysts for solar energy conversion applications.