People living long-term in areas with UV will cause premature photoaging. An abnormal reduction in autophagy is a key feature of photoaging, and p38MAPK has been regarded as a key regulator of autophagy. Isothiocyanate is one of the main active components of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds. Studies have reported that MITC has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cardiometabolic repair, nervous system protection, blood lipid regulation and diabetes prevention properties. However, the molecular mechanisms of MITC with protective effects against skin photoaging have not been studied thus far. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antiphotoaging activity of MITC and to investigate the effect of p38MAPK-dependent autophagy in vivo and in vitro models of photoaging. In this research we found that MITC can reverse the intracellular ROS content and inhibit the activation of p38MAPK to improve the autophagy level, reduce the expression of MMPs, and finally protect against photoaging by UV. Our results will uncover the molecular mechanisms of MITC that play a role in the protective effects against skin photoaging, provide helpful information for developing MITC as an ant-photoaging plant material and improve the utilization of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds.

Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera Lam) is a Moringa genus in the Moringaceae family that is high in nutrients and has a wide range of applications. Phenolic compounds are widely found in plants and have various health benefits for the human body. With its high content and wide variety of phenolic compounds, M. oleifera Lam has been widely studied for its health benefits. The phenolic compounds in M. oleifera Lam (MOPCs) can be a potential source of functional food ingredients in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Numerous studies have shown that MOPCs have antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and antibacterial effects. Although the research on MOPCs has been gradually increasing, the extraction, isolation, identification, biological activities, and comprehensive application of MOPCs need a more systematic summary and generalization. Therefore, this paper reviews the isolation and extraction methods, structure identification, biological activities, and comprehensive applications to provide a further reference for the research and application of MOPCs.

Walnut dreg protein hydrolysates (WDPHs) exhibit a variety of biological activities, however, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory peptide of WDPHs remain unclear. The aim of this study was to rapidly screen for such peptides in WDPHs through a combination of in silico and in vitro analysis. In total, 1262 peptide sequences were observed by nano liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (nano LC-MS/MS) and 4 novel COX-2 inhibitory peptides (AGFP, FPGA, LFPD, and VGFP) were identif ied. Enzyme kinetic data indicated that AGFP, FPGA, and LFPD displayed mixed-type COX-2 inhibition, whereas VGFP was a non-competitive inhibitor. This is mainly because the peptides form hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with residues in the COX-2 active site. These results demonstrate that computer analysis combined with in vitro evaluation allows for rapid screening of COX-2 inhibitory peptides in walnut protein dregs.