With the development of society, the power system plays an important role in the global energy structure. However, facing increasing energy demand and environmental pressure, improving power system efficiency, reducing costs, and ensuring reliability and safety have become key issues. The Internet of Things (IoT) power electronics technology, as one of the research hotspots, integrates IoT and power electronics technology to achieve intelligent and optimized control of power systems through sensors, communication, and control technologies. In order to meet current and future needs, it is necessary to optimize the operation and management of power systems using IoT power electronics technology. By analyzing the application of Internet of Things power electronics technology and the optimal dispatch of power systems, support vector machine algorithms are used to analyze and process equipment data, and perform data monitoring and anomaly detection to promote energy waste reduction and energy saving, and then start from operation and maintenance respectively. Comparative simulation experiments were conducted in five aspects: efficiency, effectiveness of power load prediction and optimization control, effectiveness of intelligent monitoring, operating costs, and data security. The experimental results show that the operation and maintenance efficiency of the power system using IoT power electronics technology has been improved to only 18 h for equipment fault handling. The accuracy of load forecasting optimization control based on IoT power electronics technology reaches 94%. The fault detection accuracy of intelligent monitoring of power equipment based on the power electronics technology of the Internet of Things has reached 96%. At the same time, the Internet of Things power electronics technology was used to improve the power operation mode, so as to promote the monthly electricity sales revenue of 2.77 million RMB. In addition, the effectiveness of IoT power electronics technology in power data security management has reached 95%. In summary, IoT power electronics technology can improve the stability, reliability, and security of power systems, reduce costs, improve efficiency and management level, and has broad application and promotion prospects.