Pre-doped cations in V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> for high-performance Zn-ion batteries

Yinan Lu; Tianlei Wang; Nibagani Naresh; Joanna Borowiec; Ivan P. Parkin; Buddha Deka Boruah

doi:10.26599/NRE.2024.9120125

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Research Article | Open Access

Pre-doped cations in V₂O₅ for high-performance Zn-ion batteries

Yinan Lu^¹, Tianlei Wang^², Nibagani Naresh^¹, Joanna Borowiec^², Ivan P. Parkin^²(), Buddha Deka Boruah^¹()

1Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK

2Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK

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This study examines how pre-cation doping significantly impacts the capacity response of V₂O₅ cathode materials in Zn-ion batteries. It explores the effects of pre-doping with various cations (including Na⁺, K⁺, and NH₄⁺) on enhancing overall charge storage performance.

Abstract

Aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered considerable attention due to their safety, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. There is a growing interest in finding suitable cathode materials for ZIBs. Layered vanadium oxide has emerged as a promising option due to its ability to store zinc ions with high capacity. However, the advancement of high-performance ZIBs encounters obstacles such as sluggish diffusion of zinc ions resulting from the high energy barrier between V₂O₅ layers, degradation of electrode structure over time and consequently lower capacity than the theoretical value. In this study, we investigated the pre-doping of different cations (including ${N a}^{+}$ , $K^{+}$ , and ${N H}_{4}^{+}$ ) into V₂O₅ to enhance the overall charge storage performance. Our findings indicate that the presence of V⁴⁺ enhances the charge storage performance, while the introduction of ${N H}_{4}^{+}$ into V₂O₅ (NH₄-V₂O₅) not only increases the interlayer distance (d₍₀₀₁₎ = 15.99 Å), but also significantly increases the V⁴⁺/V⁵⁺ redox couple (atomic concentration ratio increased from 0.14 to 1.08), resulting in the highest electrochemical performance. The NH₄-V₂O₅ cathode exhibited a high specific capacity (310.8 mAh·g^–1 at 100 mA·g^–1), improved cycling stability, and a significantly reduced charge transfer resistance (~ 17.9 Ω) compared to pristine V₂O₅ (112.5 mAh·g^–1 at 0.1 A·g^–1 and ~ 65.58 Ω charge transfer resistance). This study enhances our understanding and contributes to the development of high-capacity cathode materials, offering valuable insights for the design and optimization of cathode materials to enhance the electrochemical performance of ZIBs.

Keywords

pre-doped cations strategy layered vanadium pentoxide tuning oxidation states of vanadium high-charge storage performance zinc-ion batteries

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References

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Mahmood, N.; Tang, T. Y.; Hou, Y. L. Nanostructured anode materials for lithium ion batteries: Progress, challenge and perspective. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1600374.

Pre-doped cations in V2O5 for high-performance Zn-ion batteries