To improve the tribological performance of CSS-42L bearing steel, smooth surfaces (SSs), groove-textured surfaces (GSs), GSs with Sn–Ag–Cu (GSs–SAC), and GSs with Sn–Ag–Cu–Ti₃C₂ (GSs–SACT) were prepared on CSS-42L. In addition, experimental studies were conducted on tribological properties. The obtained results indicated that GSs–SACT exhibited the best anti-friction and noise reduction performances. These remarkable tribological performances were attributed to the synergistic effects of grooves, Sn–Ag–Cu, and MXene–Ti₃C₂. The inconsistent rules of frictional forces were improved by the grooves and SACT, which inhibit the friction-induced noise. The micro-nano size-effects of MXene–Ti₃C₂ enhanced the repairing effect and anti-friction property of composite lubricants, which improved the profile characteristics of GSs–SACT.