Responsive luminescence materials with prolonged lifetime and multicolor emission have drawn great attention due to their attractive optical property and potential applications. Herein, two responsive carbon dots (CDs) based composites: CD₁@MCM-22P and CD₂@ZSM-12 were achieved by a one-step hydrothermal method. By adjusting the hydrothermal condition, CD₁@MCM-22P owns temperature-dependent afterglow, while CD₂@ZSM-12 is equipped with excitation-dependent room-temperature phosphorescence. The photoluminescence mechanisms of CD₁@MCM-22P and CD₂@ZSM-12 were investigated and proposed, and the composites were applied in multi-mode anti-counterfeiting. This work provides an insight as well as a feasible method for the development of multi-emissive CDs@zeolite composite.