Flexible and wearable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material is one of the current research focuses in the field of EMI shielding. In this work, for the first time, WS₂-carbon fiber (WS₂-CF) composites are synthesized by implanting WS₂, which has a multiphase structure and a large number of defects, onto the surface of carbon fiber (CF) by using a simple one-step hydrothermal method, and are applied to protect electronic devices from EMI. It is found that the EMI shielding performance of WS₂-CF is significantly improved, especially for those at S— and C-bands. At 2 GHz, the EMI shielding efficiency could reach 36.0 dB at a typical thickness of 3.00 mm of the composite, which is much better than that of pure CF (25.5 dB). Besides paving a novel avenue to optimize the electromagnetic shielding performance of flexible and wearable CF-based EMI shielding materials, which have great potential in the practical application for EMI shielding, this work provides a new paradigm for the design and synthesis of EMI shielding materials which have a broad application prospect.

The construction of structures with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures enables the design of materials with unique physical and chemical properties, which has aroused intensive interest in scientific and technological fields. Especially, for electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption, enhanced interface polarization and improved impedence match with high Snoek's limitation could be achieved by multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures, respectively, which are benificial to high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA). However, by far, the principles in the design or construction of structures with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures, and the relationships between those structures or heterostructures and their EWA performance have not been fully summarized and reviewed. This article aims to provide a timely review on the research progresses of high-efficency EM wave absorbers with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures, focusing on various promising EWA materials. Particularly, EM attenuation mechanisms in those structures with multiple interfaces and dielectric/magnetic heterostructures are discussed and generalized. Furthermore, the changllenges and future developments of EM wave absorbers based on those structures are proposed.