Nano-drug, a new type drug, is rapidly developing with nanotechnologies in biology and medicine field. The development of nano-drug s will cause the revolution of the diagnosis and treatment. Because Nano-drug carriers have high targeting, favorable sustained, controlled release capability and superior cell penetration ability, it can improve efficacy of drugs and reduce side effects. The role of the object from the target organ, target cell to the most advanced structure in the target cells. The three levels method of targeted therapy all could complete with nanotechnology. Nano-targeting drugs can be divided into passive targeting and active targeting. Current research focuses on the development of functionalized capsules for specific targeting of cancer or immune cells, and on controlling their release properties and targeting functionalities to develop new nano-drugs.

Nanopharmacoeuticals based on nanomaterials and nanotechnology are medicinal products for drug delivery, nano drugs and nano therapies, in vivo imaging, in vitro diagnostics, biomaterials, and active implants. Nanoscience and nanotechnology in China become ever more consequential in our lives; all members of the scientific community should better inform and educate the public about the great changes this new nano era is likely to bring. Here we review some main advances on the research and development of nanomaterials, nanotechnology and nanopharmaceuticals in China. For nanopharmaceuticals, we focus on the research and application of nanotechnology in anti-cancer drugs, and biological evaluation studies of nanomaterials.